Higher Secondary 1st Year
Class - 11 (English)
 LANDSCAPE OF THE SOUL 

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Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
 āĻĒাāĻ āϤ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻ­িāĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻŦোā§° āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āϕ⧰āĻ•। āĻĒ্ā§°āϏংāĻ—ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ…āύুāĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰া।

anecdote
illusionistic likeness
delicate realism
conceptual space
figurative painting

 āωāĻĒাāĻ–্āϝাāύ
āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŦাāĻĻী āϏāĻĻৃāĻļāϤা
āϏূāĻ•্āώ্āĻŽ āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąāĻŦাāĻĻ
āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨাāύ
āϞাāĻ•্āώāĻŖিāĻ• āϚিāϤ্ā§°

Answer:- 
Anecdote:- From the text, the meaning of anecdote can be inferred as a short account of a particular incident or event, especially of an interesting or exciting nature.

    āωāĻĒাāĻ–্āϝাāύ:- āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻĒā§°া, āωāĻĒাāĻ–্āϝাāύ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻāϟা āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϘāϟāύা āĻŦা āϘāϟāύাā§° āϚāĻŽু āĻŦিā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ…āύুāĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি, āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻāĻ• āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āĻŦা ā§°োāĻŽাāĻž্āϚāϕ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§°।    


delicate realism:- It refers to the alluring quality of the art which makes it seem real. It is an interest in or concern for the actual or real as opposed to abstract.

 āϏূāĻ•্āώ্āĻŽ āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąāĻŦাāĻĻ:- āχ āĻ•āϞাāϟোā§° āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āĻ—ুāĻŖাāĻ—ুāĻŖāĻ• āĻŦুāϜাāϝ় āϝিāχāϝ়াāĻ• āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āϝেāύ āϞাāĻ—ে। āχ āĻŦিāĻŽূā§°্āϤ⧰ āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻŦা āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āφāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āĻŦা āϚিāύ্āϤা।


illusionistic likeness:- It refers to an adjective of the technique of using pictorial methods in order to deceive the eye. The reference is to an illusion created by the semblance of something.

 āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŦাāĻĻী āϏāĻĻৃāĻļāϤা:- āχ āϚāĻ•ুāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āϤাā§°āĻŖা āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰াā§° āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ⧰ āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻŖāĻŦুāϜাāϝ়। āĻĒ্ā§°āϏংāĻ—āϟো āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ•িāĻŦা āĻāϟাā§° āφāĻ­াāϏ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšোā§ąা āĻāĻ• āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে

figurative painting:- A figurative painting  refers to the metaphoric representation of a piece of art, through the eyes of the creator's imagination.

 āϞাāĻ•্āώāĻŖিāĻ• āϚিāϤ্ā§°:- āĻāϟা āϞাāĻ•্āώāĻŖিāĻ• āϚিāϤ্ā§°āχ āϏৃāώ্āϟিāϕ⧰্āϤাā§° āĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাā§° āϚāĻ•ুā§°ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϞাā§° ā§°ূāĻĒāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦāĻ• āĻŦুāϜাāϝ়।

conceptual space:- It refers to relation with the abstract than the factual representation. This is the incalculable dimension of the understanding of concepts.

      āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨাāύ:- āχ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻ—āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻŦিāĻŽূā§°্āϤ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ• āĻŦুāϜাāϝ়। āĻāχāϟো āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻŦুāϜাāĻŦুāϜিā§° āĻ…āĻ—āĻŖāύীāϝ় āĻŽাāϤ্ā§°া।
                         



UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT
 āĻĒাāĻ  āĻŦুāϜা

1. 
I) Contrast the Chinese view of art with the European view with examples.
 āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖā§° āϏৈāϤে āχāω⧰োāĻĒীāϝ় āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ীā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ•āϞাā§° āϚীāύা āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ীā§° āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤ।
                         
Answer:- The Chinese paintings are based on  imaginative, inner or spiritual approach  whereas the european paintings reproduce an actual view, of an external or real object. The paintings of the Wu daozi and mater painters of Europe illustrate the difference.

   āϚীāύা āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাāĻļীāϞ, āφāĻ­্āϝāύ্āϤ⧰ীāĻŖ āĻŦা āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ীā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāϧাā§°িāϤ āφāύāĻšাāϤে āχāω⧰োāĻĒীāϝ় āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻŦোā§°ে āĻāĻ• āĻŦাāĻš্āϝিāĻ• āĻŦা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āϕ⧰ে। āω āĻĻাāĻ“āϜি āφ⧰ু āχāω⧰োāĻĒā§° āĻŽেāϟাā§° āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āϚিāϤ্ā§°āϏāĻŽূāĻšে āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ে।

ii)Explain the concept of shanshui.
āĻļাāύāϚুāχ⧰ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:- Shanshui, meaning "mountain-water", refers to a style  of Chinese painting that involves natural landscapes, the landscape which is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space. It represents the two complementary poles(yin and young) reflecting the Daoist view of the universe.

   āĻļাāύāϚুāχ, āϝাā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻšৈāĻ›ে "āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤ-āĻĒাāύী", āϚীāύা āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻ•āϞাā§° āĻāĻ• āĻļৈāϞী āĻ•'āϞে āϝ'āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ, āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝāĻĒāϟ āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে āϝি āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻāĻ• āφāĻ­্āϝāύ্āϤ⧰ীāĻŖ, āĻāĻ• āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨাāύ। āχ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄā§° āĻĻাāĻ“āĻŦাāĻĻী āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ী āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āϕ⧰া āĻĻুāϟা āĻĒā§°িāĻĒূā§°āĻ• āĻŽেā§°ু (āϝ়িāύ āφ⧰ু āĻĄেāĻ•া) āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ āϕ⧰ে।


2.
i) What do you understand by the terms 'outsider art' and 'art brut' or 'raw art'.
'āφāωāϟāϚাāχāĻĄাā§° āφ⧰্āϟ' āφ⧰ু 'āφ⧰্āϟ āĻŦ্ā§°ুāϟ' āĻŦা 'āĻ•েঁāϚা āĻ•āϞা' āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜি āĻĒাāϝ়।

Answer:- 'Outsider art' refers to thoe art who have no right to be artists as they have receieved no formal training yet show talent and artistic  insight. 'Art brut' or 'raw art' are the works of art in their raw state as regards cultural and artistic influences.

                'āφāωāϟāϚাāχāĻĄাā§° āφ⧰্āϟ'ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĨ'āφ⧰্āϟ āϝাā§° āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻ•োāύো āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āύাāχ āĻ•িāϝ়āύো āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āĻ•োāύো āφāύুāώ্āĻ াāύিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া āύাāχ āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­া āφ⧰ু āĻļৈāϞ্āĻĒিāĻ• āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ āϕ⧰ে। āϏাংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ•āϞাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ­াā§ąā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ 'āφ⧰্āϟ āĻŦ্ā§°ুāϟ' āĻŦা 'āĻ•েঁāϚা āĻ•āϞা' āĻšৈāĻ›ে āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻ•েঁāϚা āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāϕ⧰্āĻŽ।


ii) Who was the "untutored genius who created a paradise" and what is the nature of his contribution to art?
     "āϏ্āĻŦā§°্āĻ—āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰া āĻ…āĻļিāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­া" āĻ•োāύ āφāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻ•āϞাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ…ā§ąāĻĻাāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻ•ি?     

Answer:- The "untutored genius" who created "paradise" was Nek Chand, an 80- year old creator-director who made the world famous rock garden at Chandigarh. His was an 'outsider art' in which he sculpted with stone and recycled materials. He used anything and everything  from a tin to a sink to a broken down car to from an artistic piece. One of his famous creations are 'Women by the Waterfall'.

       "āϏ্āĻŦā§°্āĻ—" āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰া "āĻ…āĻļিāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­া" āφāĻ›িāϞ āύেāĻ• āϚাāύ্āĻĻ, āĻāϜāύ 80 āĻŦāϛ⧰ীāϝ়া āϏৃāώ্āϟিāϕ⧰্āϤা-āĻĒā§°িāϚাāϞāĻ• āϝি āϚāĻŖ্āĻĄিāĻ—āĻĄ়āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ ā§°āĻ• āĻ—াā§°্āĻĄেāύ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻāϟা 'āĻŦāĻšিā§°াāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āϞা' āφāĻ›িāϞ āϝ'āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻļিāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻĒুāύ⧰্āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϝোāĻ—্āϝ āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§°ে āĻŽূā§°্āϤি āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϟিāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āϚিংāĻ•āϞৈāĻ•ে āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āφ⧰ু āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŦোā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻāϟা āĻ­āĻ™া āĻ—াāĻĄ়ীāϞৈāĻ•ে āĻāϟা āĻļৈāϞ্āĻĒিāĻ• āϟুāĻ•ুā§°াāϞৈāĻ•ে। āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻāϟা āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšৈāĻ›ে 'ā§ąāĻŽেāύ āĻŦাāχ āĻĻা ā§ąাāϟাā§°āĻĢāϞ'।
   



Talking about the Text
āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻĒাāϤি āφāĻ›ে

Discuss the following statements in groups of four.
āϚাā§°িāϜāύীāϝ়া āĻ—োāϟāϤ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।
                 

1. "The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered, but only the artist knows the way within".
 "āϏāĻŽ্ā§°াāϟে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϜāϝ় āϕ⧰া āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻļাāϏāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϝ়েāĻšে āĻ­িāϤ⧰⧰ āĻĒāĻĨ āϜাāύে"।
          
Answer:- This sentence explains the fact  that even though an Emperor might rule an entire kingdom ave power over his conquered territory , only an artist would be able to go beyond any material appearance. He knows both the path and the method of the mysterious work of the universe. True meaning of his work can be seen only by means known to him, irrespective of how powerful an emperor is.

         āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟোā§ąে āĻāχ āϏāϤ্āϝāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ে āϝে āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻāϜāύ āϏāĻŽ্ā§°াāϟে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŦিāϜāϝ়ী āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ—্ā§° ā§°াāϜ্āϝ⧰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻļাāϏāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে, āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻāϜāύ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϝ়েāĻšে āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻ­ৌāϤিāĻ• ā§°ূāĻĒā§° āĻŦাāĻšিā§°āϤ āϝাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄā§° ā§°āĻšāϏ্āϝāĻŽāϝ় āĻ•াāĻŽā§° āĻĒāĻĨ āφ⧰ু āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা āϜাāύে। āĻāϜāύ āϏāĻŽ্ā§°াāϟ āϝিāĻŽাāύেāχ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āύāĻšāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻ•িāϝ় āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ•াā§°্āϝ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϜ্āĻžাāϤ āωāĻĒাāϝ়েā§°েāĻšে āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়।                 


2. "The landscape is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space".
 "āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝāĻĒāϟ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻāĻ• āφāĻ­্āϝāύ্āϤ⧰ীāĻŖ, āĻāĻ• āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨাāύ"।

Answer:- This phrase explains The Chinese art from where a Chinese painter  wants you to enter his mind rather than borrow his eyes. This is a physical as well as a mental participation. It is a landscape created by  the artist to travel up and down, and back again, through the viewer's eyes. The landscape is not 'real' and can be reached from any point.

     āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝাংāĻļāϟোā§ąে āϚীāύা āĻ•āϞাāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰ে āϝ'ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāϜāύ āϚীāύা āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϝ়ে āĻŦিāϚাā§°ে āϝে āφāĻĒুāύি āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϚāĻ•ু āϧাā§° āϞোā§ąাā§° āϏāϞāύি āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąেāĻļ āϕ⧰āĻ•। āĻāχāϟো āĻāϟা āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ• āφ⧰ু āϞāĻ—āϤে āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ। āĻāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĻā§°্āĻļāϕ⧰ āϚāĻ•ুā§°ে āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϞৈ āφ⧰ু āϤāϞāϞৈ āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āφ⧰ু āĻĒুāύ⧰ āϘূā§°ি āϝাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϝ়ে āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰া āĻāĻ• āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄāϏ্āĻ•েāĻĒ। āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄāϏ্āĻ•েāĻĒāϟো 'āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą' āύāĻšāϝ় āφ⧰ু āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুā§° āĻĒā§°া āωāĻĒāύীāϤ āĻš'āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।




THINKING ABOUT THE LANGUAGE
      
āĻ­াāώাāϟোā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚিāύ্āϤা āϕ⧰া

1.Find out the correlates of Yin and Yang in other cultures.
āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāϤ āϝ়িāύ āφ⧰ু āϝ়াāϙ⧰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ• āĻŦিāϚাā§°ি āωāϞিāϝ়াāĻ“āĻ•।   

Answer:- The Indian culture lays stress on Nature and God. Nature is the 'yen' or female part whereas God the creator, is the male part. This concept also known as 'Maya' or 'Brahma' The combination of two creates the whole world, all it objects and also inhabitants.

       āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāϝ়ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āφ⧰ু āψāĻļ্āĻŦā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφ⧰োāĻĒ āϕ⧰ে। āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻšৈāĻ›ে 'āϝ়েāύ' āĻŦা āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻ…ংāĻļ āφāύāĻšাāϤে āψāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āϏৃāώ্āϟিāϕ⧰্āϤা, āĻĒুā§°ুāώ⧰ āĻ…ংāĻļ। āĻāχ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϟোāĻ• 'āĻŽাāϝ়া' āĻŦা 'āĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽা' āĻŦুāϞিāĻ“ āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়, āĻĻুāϟাā§° āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖে āϏāĻŽāĻ—্ā§° āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąী, āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āφ⧰ু āĻŦাāϏিāύ্āĻĻাāϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰ে।


2. What is the language spoken in Flanders?
 āĻĢ্āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄাā§°্āĻ›āϤ āĻ•োā§ąা āĻ­াāώাāϟো āĻ•ি?

Answer:- 'French language spoken in Flanders which is a region in Belgium.

          āĻĢ্āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄাā§°্āĻ›āϤ āĻ•োā§ąা āĻĢā§°াāϚী āĻ­াāώা āϝি āĻŦেāϞāϜিāϝ়াāĻŽā§° āĻāϟা āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ।




WORKING WITH WORDS
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰া


I. The following common words are used in more than one sense.
          panel, studio, brush, essence, material
Examine the following sets of sentences to find out what the words,'panel' and 'essence' mean in different contexts.
āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻāĻ•াāϧিāĻ• āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāϤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।
āĻĒেāύেāϞ, āώ্āϟুāĻĄিāĻ…', āĻŦ্ā§°াāĻ›, āĻāĻ›েāύ্āϏ, āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী
āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏāĻ™্āĻ—āϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ, 'āĻĒেāύেāϞ' āφ⧰ু 'āĻāĻ›েāĻž্āϚ'ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি āϜাāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

1. i) The masks from Bawa village in Mali look like long panels of decorated wood.
āĻŽাāϞীā§° āĻŦাā§ąা āĻ—াঁā§ąā§° āĻŽুāĻ–াāĻŦোā§° āϏāϜোā§ąা āĻ•াāĻ ā§° āĻĻীāϘāϞ āĻĒেāύেāϞ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āĻĻেāĻ–াāϝাāϝ়

 ii). Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard the reports.
         āĻŦিāϚাā§°āĻ• āĻāχāϚ āĻšোāĻŦাā§°্āϟ āĻ—্ā§°ুāĻŽāĻ›ে āϜুā§°ী āĻĒেāύেāϞāĻ• āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻŦোā§° āĻļুāύিāĻ›িāϞ।
 


 iii) The panel is laying the groundwork for an international treaty.
āĻĒেāύেāϞে āĻāĻ–āύ āφāύ্āϤ⧰্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻ­িāϤ্āϤি āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।
   

 iv)The glass panels of the window were broken.
āĻ–িā§°িāĻ•ীā§° āĻ•াঁāϚ⧰ āĻĒেāύেāϞāĻŦোā§° āĻ­াāĻ™ি āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ।
   

v) Through the many round tables, workshops and panel discussions, a consensus was reached.
āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻŦৃāϤ্āϤাāĻ•াā§° āϤাāϞিāĻ•া, āϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻļাāϞা āφ⧰ু āĻĒেāύেāϞ āφāϞোāϚāύাā§° āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āĻāĻ• āϏāĻšāĻŽāϤ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।


 vi) The sink in the hinged panel above the  bunk drains into the head.
āĻŦাংāϕ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻšিংāĻĄ āĻĒেāύেāϞ⧰ āϚিংāĻ•āϟো āĻŽূā§°āϤ āύāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Answer:-
1. Panel
i)boards of decorated wood
ii) group of men selected to give unanimous verdict on a legal case.
iii)group of experts.
iv) window panes
v) group discussions.
vi) a flat board fixed with a hinge.

 ā§§) āĻĒেāύেāϞ
 āĻ•)āϏāϜ্āϜিāϤ āĻ•াāĻ ā§° āĻŦোā§°্āĻĄ
āĻ–) āφāχāύী āĻ—োāϚ⧰⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āϏ⧰্āĻŦāϏāύ্āĻŽāϤ ā§°াāϝ় āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚিāϤ āĻĒুā§°ুāώ⧰ āĻ—োāϟ।
āĻ—)āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻžā§° āĻ—োāϟ।
āϘ) āωāχāύ্āĻĄো āĻĒেāχāύ
āĻ™) āĻ—োāϟ āφāϞোāϚāύা।
āϚ) āĻ•āĻŦ্āϜাā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏ্āĻĨিā§° āϕ⧰া āĻĢ্āϞেāϟ āĻŦোā§°্āĻĄ।
   

2. 
       i) Their repetitive  structure must have taught the people around the great composer the essence of music.
āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻĒুāύ⧰াāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤিāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻ—াঁāĻĨāύিāϝ়ে āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ় āĻŽāĻšাāύ ā§°āϚāϝ়িāϤাā§° āϚাā§°িāĻ“āĻĢাāϞ⧰ āϞোāĻ•āϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āϏংāĻ—ীāϤ⧰ āϏাā§°াংāĻļ āĻļিāĻ•াāχāĻ›িāϞ।

      ii) Part of the answer is in the proposition; but the essence is in the meaning.
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰⧰ āĻāϟা āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤাā§ąāϤ āφāĻ›ে; āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏাā§°াংāĻļāϟো āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāϤ āφāĻ›ে।

      iii) The implications of these schools of thought are of practical essence for the teacher.
   āĻāχ āϚিāύ্āϤাāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ­াā§ąāĻļিāĻ•্āώāϕ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°িāĻ• āϏাā§°াংāĻļ।

      iv)They had added vanilla essence to the pudding.
        āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āĻĒুāĻĄিāĻ™āϤ āĻ­েāύিāϞা āĻāĻ›েāύ্āϏ āϝোāĻ— āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।

Answer:- 
      i) the most important quality of something that makes it what it is.
āĻ•িāĻŦা āĻāϟাā§° āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻ—ুāĻŖ āϝিāϝ়ে āχāϝ়াāĻ• āĻ•ি āϕ⧰ি āϤোāϞে।

        ii) the main part.
        āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āĻ…ংāĻļ।

       iii) practical importance.
       āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°িāĻ• āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ।
    

        iv) liquid taken from vanilla that contains its smell and taste in very strong form.
  
āĻ­েāύিāϞাā§° āĻĒā§°া āϞোā§ąা āϤ⧰āϞ āϝ'āϤ āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ—োāύ্āϧ āφ⧰ু āϏোā§ąাāĻĻ āĻ…āϤি āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী ā§°ূāĻĒāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।



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