Chapter 1

The Indian Constitution 

āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ

Exercises

āĻŦ্āϝাāϝ়াāĻŽ

1. Why does a democratic country need a Constitution?

ā§§/ āĻ—āĻŖāϤাāύ্āϤ্ā§°িāĻ• āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāĻ–āύāĻ• āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ āĻ•িāϝ়?

Answer:

2. Look at the wordings of the two documents give below. The first column is from the 1990 Nepal Constitution. The second column is from the more recent Constitution of Nepal.

⧍/ āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āύāĻĨি āĻĻুāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻাংāĻļ āϚাāĻ“āĻ•। āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­āϟো ⧧⧝⧝ā§Ļ āϚāύ⧰ āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ⧰। āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­āϟো āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻļেāĻšāϤীāϝ়া āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ⧰।

 1990 Constitution of Nepal

⧧⧝⧝ā§Ļ āϚāύ⧰ āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ

Part 7: Executive

ā§­āĻŽ āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ: āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী

2015 Constitution of Nepal

⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ āϚāύ⧰ āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ

Part 7: Federal Executive 

ā§­āĻŽ āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ: āĻĢেāĻĄাā§°েāϞ āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী

 Article 35: Executive Power: The executive power of the Kingdom of Nepal shall be vested in His Majesty and the Council of Minister.

āĻ…āύুāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§Šā§Ģ: āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা: āύেāĻĒাāϞ ā§°াāϜ্āϝ⧰ āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽāĻšিāĻŽ āφ⧰ু āĻŽāύ্āϤ্ā§°ী āĻĒā§°িāώāĻĻā§° āĻšাāϤāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ।

Article 75: Executive Power: The executive power of Nepal shall, pursuant to this Constitution and law, be vested in the council of Minister. 

āĻ…āύুāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§­ā§Ģ: āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤাঃ āĻāχ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ āφ⧰ু āφāχāύ āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āĻ•াā§°্āϝāĻŦাāĻšী āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻŽāύ্āϤ্ā§°ী āĻĒā§°িāώāĻĻā§° āĻšাāϤāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ।


What is the difference in who exercises 'Executive Power' in the above two Constitutions of Nepal?

āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύāϤ ‘āĻ•াā§°্āϝāύিā§°্āĻŦাāĻšāĻ• āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা’ āĻ•োāύে āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻ— āϕ⧰ে āϤাā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āĻ•ি?

Answer:

3. What would happen if there were no restrictions on the power of elected representatives?

ā§Š/ āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚিāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāύিāϧিā§° āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āϝāĻĻি āĻ•োāύো āĻŦাāϧা āύাāĻĨাāĻ•িāϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻ•ি āĻš’āϞāĻšেঁāϤেāύ?

Answer:

4. In each of the following  situations, identify the minority. Write one  reason why you think it is important to respect to respect the views of the minority in each of these situations.

ā§Ē) āϤāϞāϤ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟো āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϤ āϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϞāϘুāϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āϚিāύাāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰া। āĻāχ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟো āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϤ āϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϞāϘুā§° āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤāĻ• āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰াāϟো āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰াāϟো āĻ•িāϝ় āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻŦুāϞি āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ­াāĻŦে āϤাā§° āĻāϟা āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āϞিāĻ–া।

(a)  In a school with 30 teachers , 20 of them are male.

(āĻ•) ā§Šā§Ļ āϜāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻĨāĻ•া āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ , āχāϝ়াā§°ে ⧍ā§Ļ āϜāύ āĻĒুā§°ুāώ ।

Answer:

(b) In a city, 5 per cent of the population are Buddhists.

(āĻ–) āĻāĻ–āύ āϚāĻšā§°āϤ ā§Ģ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āϞোāĻ• āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧ āϧ⧰্āĻŽাā§ąāϞāĻŽ্āĻŦী।

Answer:

(c) In a factory mess for all employees, 80 per cent are vegetarians.

(āĻ—) āϏāĻ•āϞো āϕ⧰্āĻŽāϚাā§°ীā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϟা āĻĢেāĻ•্āϟ⧰ীā§° āĻŽেāĻ›āϤ ā§Žā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļāχ āύিā§°াāĻŽিāώāĻ­োāϜী।

Answer:

(d) In a class of 50 students, 40 belong to more well-off families.

(āϘ) ā§Ģā§Ļ āϜāύীāϝ়া āĻāϟা āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāϤ ā§Ēā§Ļ āϜāύ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āϏুāĻ–ী āĻĒā§°িāϝ়াāϞ⧰।

Answer:

5. The column on the left lists some of the key features of  the key features of the Indian Constitution. In the other column write two sentences, in your own words, on why you think this feature is important:

ā§Ģ) āĻŦাāĻ“ঁāĻĢাāϞে āĻĨāĻ•া āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­āϟোāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ⧰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ⧰ āϤাāϞিāĻ•া āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āφāύāϟো āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­āϤ āĻĻুāϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āϞিāĻ–āĻ•, āύিāϜ⧰ āĻ­াāώাāϤ, āφāĻĒুāύি āĻāχ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϟো āĻ•িāϝ় āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ­াāĻŦে:

 Key Feature  (āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ)

Significance (āϤাā§ŽāĻĒā§°্āϝ্āϝ)

Federalism  (āĻĢেāĻĄাā§°েāϞিāϜāĻŽ)

Separation of Powers(āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤাā§° āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ•ীāϕ⧰āĻŖ)

Fundamental Rights (āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°)

Parliamentary Form of Government 

(āϏংāϏāĻĻীāϝ় āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°ā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ)

 


6. Write down the names of the Indian States, Which Share borders write the following neighboring  nations:

ā§Ŧ) āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় ā§°াāϜ্āϝ āϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–āĻ•, āĻ•োāύāĻŦোā§° āĻ­াāĻ—ā§° āϏীāĻŽাāϤ āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āϚুāĻŦুā§°ীāϝ়া āϜাāϤিāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϞিāĻ–āĻ•:

(a) Bangladesh (āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ)

(b) Bhutan (āĻ­ূāϟাāύ)

(c) Nepal (āύেāĻĒাāϞ)

Answer:



Type: Priyam Jyoti Patar