Chapter - 10 

Light - Reflection And Refraction

( āĻĒোāĻšā§° - āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞāύ āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϏ⧰āĻŖ  )


EXERCISES :-

( āĻŦ্āϝাāϝ়াāĻŽ :- )

1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?

( āϞেāύ্āϏ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύāϟো āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ি? )

(a) Water (āĻĒাāύী)

(b) Glass (āĻ—িāϞাāĻ›)

(c) Plastic (āĻĒ্āϞাāώ্āϟিāĻ•)

(d) Clay (āĻŦোāĻ•া āĻŽাāϟি)

Answer:-

2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?

( āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšোā§ąা āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ āĻ­াā§°্āϚুā§ąেāϞ, āĻĨিāϝ় āφ⧰ু āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻšোā§ąা āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়। āĻ…āĻŦāϜেāĻ•্āϟāϟোā§° āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ•'āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে? )

(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature

(āĻ•) āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°āϤাā§° āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ

(b) At the centre of curvature

(āĻ–) āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°āϤাā§° āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āϤ

(c) Beyond the centre of curvature

(āĻ—) āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°āϤাā§° āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻšিā§°āϤ

(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

(āϘ) āφāχāύাāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻŽেā§°ু āφ⧰ু āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ।

Answer:-

3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?

( āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϟোā§° āφāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āωāϤ্āϤāϞ āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻ–āϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϜেāĻ•্āϟ āĻāϟা āĻ•'āϤ ā§°āĻ–া āωāϚিāϤ? )

(a) At the principal focus of the lens

(āĻ•) āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুāϤ

(b) At twice the focal length

(āĻ–) āĻĢ’āĻ•েāϞ āϞেংāĻĨā§° āĻĻুāĻ—ুāĻŖāϤ

(c) At infinity

(āĻ—) āĻ…āϏীāĻŽāϤ

(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.

(āϘ) āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āφāϞোāĻ•ীāϝ় āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§° āφ⧰ু āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ।

Answer:-

4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be

( āĻ—োāϞাāĻ•াā§° āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ āφ⧰ু āĻĒাāϤāϞ āĻ—োāϞাāĻ•াā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟোā§° āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ -ā§§ā§Ģ āϚেāĻŽি। āφāχāύা āφ⧰ু āϞেāύ্āϏ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āφāĻ›ে )

(a) both concave.

(āĻ•) āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ।

(b) both convex.

(āĻ–) āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা āωāϤ্āϤāϞ।

(c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex.

(āĻ—) āφāχāύাāĻ–āύ āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āφ⧰ু āϞেāύ্āϏāĻ–āύ āωāϤ্āϤāϞ।

 (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave.

(āϘ) āφāχāύাāĻ–āύ āωāϤ্āϤāϞ, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϞেāύ্āϏāĻ–āύ āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ।

Answer:-

5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

( āφāĻĒুāύি āφāχāύাā§° āĻĒā§°া āϝিāĻŽাāύেāχ āĻĻূā§°āϤ āĻĨিāϝ় āύāĻšāĻ“ঁāĻ•, āφāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āĻĨিāϝ় āĻšৈ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়। āφāχāύাāĻ–āύ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āφāĻ›ে )

(a) plane. (āϏāĻŽāϤāϞ।)

(b) concave. (āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ।)

(c) convex.  (āωāϤ্āϤāϞ।)

(d) either plane or convex. (āĻšāϝ় āϏāĻŽāϤāϞ āĻŦা āωāϤ্āϤāϞ।)

Answer:-

6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

( āĻ…āĻ­িāϧাāύāϤ āĻĒোā§ąা āϏ⧰ু āφāĻ–ā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āĻĨাāĻ•োঁāϤে āφāĻĒুāύি āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύāϟো āϞেāύ্āϏ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°ে? )

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm.

(āĻ•) āĻĢ’āĻ•েāϞ āϞেংāĻĨ ā§Ģā§Ļ āϚে.āĻŽি.ā§° āĻāϟা āωāϤ্āϤāϞ āϞেāύ্āϏ।

(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm.

(āĻ–) āĻĢ’āĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ ā§Ģā§Ļ āϚে.āĻŽি.ā§° āĻāϟা āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āϞেāύ্āϏ।

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. 

(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. 

Answer:-


7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

( āφāĻŽি ā§§ā§Ģ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻāϟা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻāϟা āĻĨিāϝ় āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°ো। āφāχāύাā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϟোā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒā§°িāϏ⧰ āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে? āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻ•ি? āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϟোāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āύে āϏ⧰ু? āĻāχ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻ›āĻŦি āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ ā§°āĻļ্āĻŽি āϚিāϤ্ā§° āĻāĻ–āύ āφঁāĻ•āĻ•। )

Answer:-


8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.

( āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāĻŦোā§°āϤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšৃāϤ āφāχāύাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•। )

(a) Headlights of a car. 

(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle.

(c) Solar furnace.

Support your answer with reason. 

Answer:-


9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

( āωāϤ্āϤāϞ āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻāĻ•-āφāϧা āĻ•'āϞা āĻ•াāĻ—āϜেā§°ে āĻĸাāĻ•ি ā§°āĻ–া āĻšāϝ়। āĻāχ āϞেāύ্āϏāϟোā§ąে āĻ…āĻŦāϜেāĻ•্āϟāϟোā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύেāĻ•ি? āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāĻŽূāϞāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āφāĻĒোāύাā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŽাāĻŖিāϤ āϕ⧰āĻ•। āφāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻĒā§°্āĻ¯ā§ąেāĻ•্āώāĻŖāĻŦোā§° āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•। )

Answer:-


10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed. 

( ā§Ģ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻāϟা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু ā§§ā§Ļ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻāĻ• āĻ•āύāĻ­াā§°্āϜিং āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒā§°া ⧍ā§Ģ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĻূā§°āϤ ā§°āĻ–া āĻšāϝ়। ā§°āĻļ্āĻŽি āύāĻ•্āϏা āφঁāĻ•āĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻšোā§ąা āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāύ, āφāĻ•াā§° āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻŦিāϚাā§°āĻ•। )

Answer:-


11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

( ā§§ā§Ģ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āϞেāύ্āϏে āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒā§°া ā§§ā§Ļ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰ে। āĻ…āĻŦāϜেāĻ•্āϟāϟো āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āĻĻূā§°āϤ ā§°āĻ–া āĻšৈāĻ›ে? ā§°āĻļ্āĻŽি ā§°āĻļ্āĻŽি ā§°āĻļ্āĻŽি āφঁāĻ•āĻ•। )

Answer:-


12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.

( āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ15 āϚেāĻŽিā§° āωāϤ্āϤāϞ āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া 10 āϚেāĻŽি āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ āĻāϟা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু ā§°āĻ–া āĻšāϝ়। āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āϕ⧰āĻ•।  )

Answer:-


13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?

( āĻĒ্āϞেāύ āφāχāύাā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻিāϤ āĻŦিāĻŦā§°্āϧāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে +1। āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?)

Answer:-


14. An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and size.

( ā§Ģ.ā§Ļ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻāϟা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°āϤাā§° āĻŦ্āϝাāϏাā§°্āϧ⧰ āωāϤ্āϤāϞ āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ⧰ āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻ–āϤ ⧍ā§Ļ āϚেāĻŽি āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ ā§°āĻ–া āĻšāϝ়। āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāύ, āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āφ⧰ু āφāĻ•াā§° āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āϕ⧰āĻ•। )

Answer:-


15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image. 16. Find the focal length of a lens of power - 2.0 D. What type of lens is this? 

( ā§­.ā§Ļ āϚেāĻŽি āφāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻāϟা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু ā§§ā§Ž āϚেāĻŽি āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϤāϞ āĻĻাāĻĒোāύ⧰ āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻ–āϤ ⧍⧭ āϚেāĻŽি āϤ ā§°āĻ–া āĻšāϝ়। āφāχāύাā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ āϏ্āĻ•্ā§°ীāĻŖ āĻāĻ–āύ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে, āϝাāϤে āϤীāĻ•্āώ্āĻŖ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ীāĻ­ূāϤ āĻ›āĻŦি āĻāϟা āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি? āĻ›āĻŦিāĻ–āύ⧰ āφāĻ•াā§° āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āϕ⧰āĻ•। ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻļāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϞেāύ্āϏāĻāϟাā§° āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ āĻŦিāϚাā§°āĻ• - ⧍.ā§Ļ āĻĄি। āĻāχāϟো āĻ•েāύে āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ?  )

Answer:-


17. A doctor. has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length ofthe lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

( āĻāϜāύ āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏāĻ•। āĻĒাā§ąাā§° +ā§§.ā§Ģ āĻĄি-ā§° āĻāĻ• āϏংāĻļোāϧāύāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϞেāύ্āϏ āύিā§°্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ āĻŦিāϚাā§°āĻ•। āύিā§°্āϧাā§°িāϤ āϞেāύ্āϏāϟো āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āĻšৈāĻ›ে āύে āĻāĻ•āϤ্ā§°িāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে? )

Answer:-



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