Chapter 2

Environment and Environmental Problems

( āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা )

Exercise

( āĻŦ্āϝা⧟াāĻŽ ) 

1. Write in your own words the meaning of environment.

ā§§/ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§°ে āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 2.Mention some of the biotic and abiotic elements of environment.

⧍.āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϜৈā§ąিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϜৈā§ąিāĻ• āĻŽৌāϞ⧰ āĻ•āĻĨা āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Ans.

3. Write the meaning of lithosphere.

ā§Š) āĻļিāϞাāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 4.What are the features included in the hydrosphere?

ā§Ē.āĻšাāχāĻĄ্ā§°’āϏ্āĻĢিāϝ়াā§°āϤ āĻ•ি āĻ•ি āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে?

Ans. 5. Write about the composition of the atmosphere.

ā§Ģ) āĻŦাāϝ়ুāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ⧰ āĻ—āĻ āύ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 6. Give an outline of the extent of the biosphere.

ā§Ŧ) āϜৈā§ąāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°িāϏ⧰⧰ ā§°ূāĻĒā§°েāĻ–া āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Ans. 7. Discuss briefly the relation among the four major components of environment.

ā§­) āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āϚাā§°িāϟা āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āωāĻĒাāĻĻাāύ⧰ āĻŽাāϜ⧰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āϕ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

Ans. 8. Mention the major causes of environmental change.

ā§Ž) āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Ans. 9. Explain the meaning of environmental problem.

⧝) āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāϜাāχ āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Ans. 10. Write geographical divisions of the environmental problems.

ā§§ā§Ļ) āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻ­ৌāĻ—োāϞিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ­াāϜāύ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 11. What is a local environmental problem? Give examples.

ā§§ā§§) āϏ্āĻĨাāύীāϝ় āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•ি? āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•।

Ans. 12. Give two examples of regional environmental problem.

⧧⧍) āφāĻž্āϚāϞিāĻ• āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻĻুāϟা āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Ans. 13. Which problems are considered as global environmental problem?

ā§§ā§Š) āĻ•োāύāĻŦোā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ—āĻŖ্āϝ āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়?

Ans. 14. Mention the major environmental problems of the world.

ā§§ā§Ē) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻ•āĻĨা āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Ans. 15. Give the meaning of the term pollution.

āϟ্āϝাāĻ— āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āϤাāϰিāĻ– āφāĻĒāϞোāĻĄ āϕ⧰ুāύ

Ans. 16. What is water pollution? How does it occur?

ā§§ā§Ŧ) āĻĒাāύী āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ āĻ•ি? āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻšāϝ়?

Ans. 17. Write a short note on land pollution.

ā§§ā§­) āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāϟা āϚāĻŽু āϟোāĻ•া āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 18. Write how air is polluted.

ā§§ā§Ž) āĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώিāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 19. What is a desert? Give the definition of desertification.

⧧⧝) āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ•ি? āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āϏংāϜ্āĻžা āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Ans. 20. Mention the causes of desertification.

⧍ā§Ļ) āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āϏৃāώ্āϟিā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Ans. 21. Is it possible to control desertification?

⧍⧧) āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽিāϕ⧰āĻŖ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­ā§ąāύে?

Ans. 22. What is global warming? Mention its causes.

⧍⧍) āĻ—োāϞāĻ•ীāϝ় āωāώ্āĻŖāϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻ•ি? āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Ans.

23. What are the probable consequences of global warming?

ā§¨ā§Š) āĻ—োāϞāĻ•ীāϝ় āωāώ্āĻŖāϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧিā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ą্āϝ āĻĒā§°িāĻŖāϤি āĻ•ি āĻ•ি?

Ans. 24. Write how to control global warming.

⧍ā§Ē) āĻ—োāϞāĻ•ীāϝ় āωāώ্āĻŖāϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

25. Is there any environmental problem in your own locality? If yes, then explain their causes and indicate some measures for their solution.

⧍ā§Ģ) āφāĻĒোāύাā§° āύিāϜ⧰ āϏ্āĻĨাāύীāϝ় āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϤ āĻ•োāύো āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļāϜāύিāϤ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āφāĻ›েāύে? āϝāĻĻি āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰āĻ• āφ⧰ু āχāϝ়াā§° āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āχংāĻ—িāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•।

Ans.