Chapter 3

Geography of the World

 ( āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ )

Exercise

 ( āĻŦ্⧟া⧟াāĻŽ )

1. Write in brief about the earth's lithosphere and hydrosphere.

ā§§) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻļিāϞাāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ āφ⧰ু āϜāϞāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

2. How was the earth in the early days according to the Continental Drift Theory?

⧍) āĻ•āύ্āϟিāύেāĻŖ্āϟেāϞ āĻĄ্ā§°িāĻĢ্āϟ āĻĨিāϝ়ā§°ী āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻিāύāϤ āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąী āĻ•েāύে āφāĻ›িāϞ?

Ans.

3. Write briefly about the topography of the ocean floor.

ā§Š) āϏাāĻ—ā§°āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ­ূ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

4. Write briefly about the distribution of oceans and continents. 

ā§Ē) āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

5. Write in short about the landforms present on the earth's land surface.

ā§Ģ) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻ­ূāĻĒৃāώ্āĻ āϤ āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻ­ূ-ā§°ূāĻĒā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 6. Briefly discuss the physical characteristics of Asia.

ā§Ŧ) āĻāĻ›িāϝ়াā§° āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ• āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

Ans. 7. Give your answer with reasons:

ā§­/ āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻĻি āφāĻĒোāύাā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•: (a) Why do 90 per cent of the world's total population concentrate in the northern hemi sphere?

(āĻ•) āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻŽুāĻ  āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাā§° ⧝ā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļāχ āĻ•িāϝ় āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻ—োāϞাā§°্āϧāϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ীāĻ­ূāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĨাāĻ•ে?

Ans. (b) What is the reason behind lack of permanent human settlement in Antarctica?

(āĻ–) āĻāύ্āϟাā§°্āĻ•āϟিāĻ•াāϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āĻŦāϏāϤিā§° āĻ…āĻ­াā§ąā§° āφঁā§°ā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻ•ি?

Ans. 8. Give short answer to the following questions:

ā§Ž) āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻŦোā§°ā§° āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•।

Ans. (a) Which has created a natural boundary between Asia and Europe?

(āĻ•) āĻ•োāύāϟোā§ąে āĻāĻ›িāϝ়া āφ⧰ু āχāω⧰োāĻĒā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াā§ąিāĻ• āϏীāĻŽাā§° āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে?

Ans. (b) Which is the longest mountain range of the world and where it is located?

(āĻ–) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĻীāϘāϞ āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞা āĻ•োāύāϟো āφ⧰ু āχ āĻ•’āϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ?

Ans.

(c) In terms of land area which are the largest and smallest countries of the world?

(āĻ—) āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āĻĢāϞ⧰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻ•োāύāĻŦোā§° āĻĻেāĻļ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āφ⧰ু āϏ⧰ু?

Ans. (d) Which country of the world is spread to two continents?

(āϘ) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ āĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāϞৈ āĻŦিāϝ়āĻĒি āφāĻ›ে?

Ans. (e) In terms of population which are the largest and smallest countries of the world?

(āĻ™) āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻ•োāύāĻŦোā§° āĻĻেāĻļ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āφ⧰ু āϏ⧰ু?

Ans.

(f) What is the name of the major mountain range of North America? In which part of the continent is it located?

(āϚ) āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āφāĻŽেā§°িāĻ•াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞাā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻ•ি? āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ•োāύāϟো āĻ…ংāĻļāϤ āχ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ?

Ans. (g) Which is the world's largest desert and where is it located?

(āĻ›) āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ•োāύāϟো āφ⧰ু āχ āĻ•’āϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ?

Ans.

(h) Write the names of two northerly and two easterly rivers of Asia.

(āϜ) āĻāĻ›িāϝ়াā§° āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āφ⧰ু āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āĻĒূāĻŦ āύāĻĻীā§° āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

(i) Write the names of one each of major mountain range, river and desert of Australia.

(āĻ) āĻ…āώ্āϟ্ā§°েāϞিāϝ়াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞা, āύāĻĻী āφ⧰ু āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻāϟাāĻ•ৈ āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans.

(j) Write the names of three countries of Europe located in the Mediterranean region.

(āĻž) āĻ­ূāĻŽāϧ্āϝāϏাāĻ—ā§°ীāϝ় āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āχāω⧰োāĻĒā§° āϤিāύিāĻ–āύ āĻĻেāĻļā§° āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া।

Ans. 9. Write short notes:

⧝/ āϚুāϟি āϟোāĻ•া āϞিāĻ–া: (a) Pangaea (b) Arctic Ocean

(āĻ•) āĻĒেংāĻ—েāϝ়া         (āĻ–) āφ⧰্āĻ•āϟিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° (c) The Continent of Oceania      (d) The rivers of Asia

(āĻ—) āĻ“āϚেāύিāϝ়া āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ                 (āϘ) āĻāĻ›িāϝ়াā§° āύāĻĻীāϏāĻŽূāĻš

(e) The lakes of Africa                 (f) The rivers of Europe

(āĻ™) āφāĻĢ্ā§°িāĻ•াā§° āĻš্ā§°āĻĻ                       (āϚ) āχāω⧰োāĻĒā§° āύāĻĻী (g) The Appalachian Highland Region (h) The lakes of North America

(āĻ›) āĻāĻĒ্āϞাāϚিāϝ়াāύ āĻšাāχāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ                (āϜ) āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āφāĻŽেā§°িāĻ•াā§° āĻš্ā§°āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻš 10. Write the differences between:

ā§§ā§Ļ) āχāϝ়াā§° āĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϞিāĻ–া: (a) Continental shelf and Continental slope

(āĻ•) āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļীāϝ় āĻļ্āĻŦেāϞ্āĻĢ āφ⧰ু āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļীāϝ় āĻĸাāϞ

Ans. (b) Everest Peak and Godwin Austin Peak

(āĻ–) āĻāĻ­াā§°েāώ্āϟ āĻļৃংāĻ— āφ⧰ু āĻ—āĻĄāωāχāύ āĻ…āώ্āϟিāύ āĻļৃংāĻ—

Ans. (c) The Continent of Oceania and the Continent of Antarctica (d) Gobi desert and Atacama desert

(āĻ—) āĻ“āϚেāύিāϝ়া āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ āφ⧰ু āĻāύ্āϟাā§°্āĻ•āϟিāĻ•া āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ (āϘ) āĻ—োāĻŦি āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽি āφ⧰ু āφāϟাāĻ•াāĻŽা āĻŽā§°ুāĻ­ূāĻŽি

Ans. 11. Choose the correct answer:

ā§§ā§§) āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āϟো āĻŦাāĻ›ি āϞāĻ“āĻ•: (a) Which is the world's second largest ocean?

(āĻ•) āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āĻŦৃāĻšāϤ্āϤāĻŽ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ? (1) Pacific Ocean (2) Indian Ocean

(ā§§) āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļাāύ্āϤ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° (⧍) āĻ­াā§°āϤ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° (3) Atlantic Ocean                 (4) Southern Ocean

(ā§Š) āφāϟāϞাāĻŖ্āϟিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°         (ā§Ē) āĻĻāĻ•্āώিāĻŖ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°

Ans. (b) Which is smallest continent of the world?

(āĻ–) āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āϏ⧰ু āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ?

(1) North America      (2) Europe

(ā§§) āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āφāĻŽেā§°িāĻ•া     (⧍) āχāω⧰োāĻĒ (3) Antarctica (4) Oceania

(ā§Š) āĻāύ্āϟাā§°্āĻ•āϟিāĻ•া (ā§Ē) āĻ“āϚেāύিāϝ়া

Ans. (c) In which ocean Falkland island is located?

(āĻ—) āĻ•োāύ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°āϤ āĻĢāĻ•āϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ?      (1) Atlantic Ocean                 (2) Arctic Ocean

(ā§§) āφāϟāϞাāĻŖ্āϟিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°         (⧍) āφ⧰্āĻ•āϟিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§° (3) Pacific Ocean          (4) Indian Ocean

(ā§Š) āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļাāύ্āϤ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°     (ā§Ē) āĻ­াā§°āϤ āĻŽāĻšাāϏাāĻ—ā§°

Ans. (d) Which sea has separated the continents of Asia and Africa?

(āϘ) āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ āϏাāĻ—ā§°ে āĻāĻ›িāϝ়া āφ⧰ু āφāĻĢ্ā§°িāĻ•া āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāϏāĻŽূāĻšāĻ• āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে? (1) Mediterranean Sea (2) Red Sea

(ā§§) āĻ­ূāĻŽāϧ্āϝ āϏাāĻ—ā§°              (⧍) āϞোāĻšিāϤ āϏাāĻ—ā§° (3) Caspian Sea      (4) Arabian Sea

(ā§Š) āĻ•েāĻ›āĻĒিāϝ়াāύ āϏাāĻ—ā§°     (ā§Ē) āφ⧰āĻŦ āϏাāĻ—ā§°

Ans. (e) What has naturally separated Asia from Europe?

(āĻ™) āχāω⧰োāĻĒā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻ›িāϝ়াāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াā§ąিāĻ•āϤে āĻ•িāĻšে āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āϕ⧰ি āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›ে? (1) Ural mountain range     (2) Caucasus mountain

(ā§§) āω⧰াāϞ āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞা          (⧍) āĻ•āĻ•েāĻ›াāĻ› āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤ      (3) Caspian Sea             (4) Volga river

(ā§Š) āĻ•েāĻ›āĻĒিāϝ়াāύ āϏাāĻ—ā§°     (ā§Ē) āĻ­āϞāĻ—া āύāĻĻী

Ans. (f) In which continent is Ecuador located?

(āϚ) āχāĻ•ুā§ąেāĻĄā§° āĻ•োāύāĻ–āύ āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ? (1) North America      (2) South America

(ā§§) āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āφāĻŽেā§°িāĻ•া     (⧍) āĻĻāĻ•্āώিāĻŖ āφāĻŽেā§°িāĻ•া (3) Africa (4) Asia

(ā§Š) āφāĻĢ্ā§°িāĻ•া    (ā§Ē) āĻāĻ›িāϝ়া

Ans. (g) What is the capital of Brazil?

(āĻ›) āĻŦ্ā§°াāϜিāϞ⧰ ā§°াāϜāϧাāύী āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ?

(1) Rio de Janeiro          (2) Sao Paulo

(ā§§) ā§°িāĻ…’ āĻĄি āϜেāύেāχ⧰’     (⧍) āϚাāĻ“ āĻĒাāĻ“āϞো (3) Brasilia      (4) Lima

(ā§Š) āĻŦ্ā§°াāϜিāϞিāϝ়া         (ā§Ē) āϞিāĻŽা

Ans.



Post ID : DABP002320