Normal Dietary Requirements
1. Define Balanced Diet.
Answer: A balanced diet is a diet that contains all essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage in correct quantity and proportion to maintain good health and proper body function.
Definitions:
According to Robinson:
“A balanced diet is one which contains a variety of foods in such quantities and proportions that the need for energy, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, fats, carbohydrates and other nutrients is adequately met.”
According to FAO:
“A balanced diet provides all nutrients in proper amounts and adequate calories for normal growth and maintenance.”
2. What are the components of a balanced diet?
Answer: The main components of a balanced diet are:
Carbohydrates – Provide energy.
Proteins – Help in growth and repair of tissues.
Fats – Supply concentrated energy and maintain body temperature.
Vitamins – Protect the body from diseases.
Minerals – Help in body functions and bone formation.
Water – Maintains fluid balance and digestion.
Roughage (Fiber) – Helps bowel movement and prevents constipation.
3. Explain the factors affecting normal dietary requirements.
Answer:Normal dietary requirements vary from person to person due to several factors.
Factors Affecting Dietary Requirements:
Age:Children need more nutrients for growth.Elderly people require less energy.
Sex:Males generally require more calories than females.
Body Size: Larger body size needs more energy and nutrients.
Physical Activity: Heavy workers require more calories than sedentary workers.
Physiological Condition: Pregnancy and lactation increase nutritional needs.
Climate: Cold climate requires more energy-producing foods.
Health Status: Illness increases need for proteins and vitamins.
Economic Condition: Income affects food selection and quality.
