Chapter 4 

"School leadership and Management"

āĻ…āϤি āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ — ā§§ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°

ā§§। School Leadership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•, āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§°্āĻĨী āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻ…ংāĻļীāĻĻাā§°āĻ• āĻĒāĻĨ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ, āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻš āφ⧰ু āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟াāĻ• School Leadership āĻŦোāϞে।

⧍। School Management āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ human, material, financial āφ⧰ু academic resources āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒিāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟াāĻ• School Management āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§Š। Educational Planning āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āφāĻ—āϤী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ, āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϏূāϚী, resources āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āύিāϰ্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟াāĻ• Educational Planning āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§Ē। Administrative Leadership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ administration, rules, records, resources āφ⧰ু organisational activities āϏুāώ্āĻ ুāĻ­াā§ąে āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύা āϕ⧰া āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦāĻ• Administrative Leadership āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§Ģ। Pedagogical Leadership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ Teaching-learning process, curriculum, classroom practice āφ⧰ু learner achievement āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°িāϤ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦāĻ• Pedagogical Leadership āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§Ŧ। Learning Organization āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āϝি organization-ā§° āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϏāĻ•āϞে āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āĻļিāĻ•ে, reflection āϕ⧰ে āφ⧰ু āύিāϜ⧰ practice āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰ে āϤাāĻ• Learning Organization āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§­। Team Leadership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻāϟা team-āĻ• common goal āĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ, āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻĒāĻĨ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ āϕ⧰াāĻ•ে Team Leadership āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§Ž। Innovation āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻ•োāύো āĻ•াāĻŽ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϕ⧰ী āϕ⧰াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āύāϤুāύ idea, method āĻŦা practice āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰াāĻ•ে Innovation āĻŦোāϞে।

⧝। Partnership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ School, parents, community āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ common goal-ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻšোā§ąা āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাāĻ• Partnership āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§Ļ। School Governance āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟āϤ decision-making, accountability, participation āφ⧰ু resource management-ā§° āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°িāĻ• āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻ• School Governance āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§§। Human Resource āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•, head teacher, staff āφ⧰ু āϏংāĻļ্āϞিāώ্āϟ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• Human Resource āĻŦোāϞে।

⧧⧍। Material Resource āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ School building, classroom, furniture, library, laboratory, ICT tools, TLM āφāĻĻি physical resources-āĻ• Material Resource āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§Š। Financial Resource āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦ্āϧ monetary resources-āĻ• Financial Resource āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§Ē। TQM-ā§° āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ Total Quality Management।

ā§§ā§Ģ। Total Quality Management āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ organization-ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ⧰ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖেā§°ে āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āĻ—ুāĻŖāĻ—āϤ āĻŽাāύ āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤিāĻ• Total Quality Management āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§Ŧ। Whole School Approach āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ leadership, teacher, learner, curriculum, management, community āφ⧰ু resources-ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻĻিāĻļ āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ীāĻ• Whole School Approach āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§­। Shared Leadership āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ Leadership-ā§° āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻāϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻšাāϤāϤ āύāĻĨাāĻ•ি āĻŦāĻšু āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻ­াāĻ— āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤিāĻ• Shared Leadership āĻŦোāϞে।

ā§§ā§Ž। School Improvement āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ academic, administrative āφ⧰ু organisational performance āĻ•্āϰāĻŽাāĻ—āϤ āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟াāĻ• School Improvement āĻŦোāϞে।

⧧⧝। Resource Management āĻ•ি?
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦ্āϧ resources āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা, āĻŦāĻŖ্āϟāύ, āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āφ⧰ু monitoring āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟াāĻ• Resource Management āĻŦোāϞে।

⧍ā§Ļ। School Leader-ā§° āĻāϟা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ—ুāĻŖ āϞিāĻ–া।
āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ Vision।

āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ — ⧍/ā§Š āύāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°

ā§§। School Leadership-ā§° āϤিāύিāϟা āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ āϞিāĻ–া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

ā§§. āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ vision āφ⧰ু goal āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
⧍. Teamwork āφ⧰ু participation āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Š. School improvement āφ⧰ু learner learning-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।

⧍। Leadership āφ⧰ু Management-ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻŽূāϞ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āĻ•ি?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ Leadership-āĻ vision, motivation āφ⧰ু change-ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে। Management-āĻ planning, organisation, coordination āφ⧰ু resources-ā§° āϏুāώ্āĻ ু āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।

ā§Š। Educational Planning-ā§° āϤিāύিāϟা āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ āϞিāĻ–া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

ā§§. Goal āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āϕ⧰ে।
⧍. Resources āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°āϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Š. Time-bound school activities āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύা āϏāĻšāϜ āϕ⧰ে।

ā§Ē। Pedagogical Leadership-ā§° āĻĻুāϟা āĻ•াāϜ āϞিāĻ–া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

ā§§. Teaching-learning process āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰া।
⧍. Teacher-ā§° academic support āφ⧰ু learner progress monitor āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ģ। School as a Learning Organization āĻŦুāϞিāϞে āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜা?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻāύে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟ āϝ'āϤ teacher, school leader āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāχ āύিāϜ āύিāϜ āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤাā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻļিāĻ•ে, collaborative discussion āϕ⧰ে, āύāϤুāύ practice āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰ে āφ⧰ু continuous improvement-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।

ā§Ŧ। Team Leadership āĻ•ি⧟ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ Team Leadership-āĻ responsibility āĻ­াāĻ— āϕ⧰ে, communication āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰ে, collective decision-making āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে āφ⧰ু school improvement-āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻ•ে āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻĻি⧟ে।

ā§­। School Innovation-ā§° āĻĻুāϟা āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻি⧟া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

ā§§. āύāϤুāύ learner-centred teaching strategy āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°।
⧍. ICT āĻŦা local resources āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি learning activity āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ž। Partnership-ā§° āĻĻুāϟা āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āϞিāĻ–া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

ā§§. School āφ⧰ু community-ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে।
⧍. Learner support āφ⧰ু school resources āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰ে।

⧝। Human Resource Management āĻ•ি⧟ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āφ⧰ু staff-ā§° ability āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°, āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻŦāĻŖ্āϟāύ, teamwork āφ⧰ু professional development āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ Human Resource Management āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ।

ā§§ā§Ļ। Whole School Approach-ā§° āĻŽূāϞ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻ•ি?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻāϟা āĻ…ংāĻļ āύāĻšā§Ÿ, leadership, teaching, learning, management, school culture āφ⧰ু community participation-ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻĻিāĻļ āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰া।

āĻĻীāϘāϞ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ — ā§Ē/ā§Ģ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°

ā§§। School Leadership āĻ•ি? āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School Leadership āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āφ⧰ু vision āĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে school community-āĻ• āĻĒāĻĨ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ, āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ—

ā§§. āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ vision āĻ—ā§ে।
⧍. Teaching-learning quality āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Š. Teacher motivation āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Ē. Teamwork āĻ—ā§ে।
ā§Ģ. School culture positive āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Ŧ. Learner achievement āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§­. Parent-community participation āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Ž. Resources āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰ে।
⧝. Innovation āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Change āϏāĻĢāϞāĻ­াāĻŦে implement āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰ে।

Effective school leadership-ā§° āĻŽূāϞ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ school administration āϚāϞোā§ąা āύāĻšā§Ÿ; learner learning āφ⧰ু whole-school improvement āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āϕ⧰া।

⧍। Leadership āφ⧰ু Management-ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

LeadershipManagement
Vision āφ⧰ু direction-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।Planning āφ⧰ু implementation-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।
āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻ• motivate āϕ⧰ে।Resources organise āϕ⧰ে।
Change āφ⧰ু innovation āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰ে।Stability āφ⧰ু smooth functioning āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–ে।
Team-ā§° commitment āĻ—ā§ে।Roles āφ⧰ু responsibilities coordinate āϕ⧰ে।
Future improvement-āϤ focus।Present activities-ā§° efficient functioning-āϤ focus।

āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟ āĻ­াāϞāĻĻā§°ে āϚāϞিāĻŦāϞৈ Leadership āφ⧰ু Management āĻĻু⧟োāϟাāχ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ

ā§Š। Educational Planning āĻ•ি? āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϧাāĻĒāϏāĻŽূāĻš āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Educational Planning āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻļিāĻ•্āώা-āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ী⧟ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āφāĻ—āϤী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āϏুāύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ plan āϤৈ⧟াā§° āϕ⧰া।

āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āϧাāĻĒ—

ā§§. Present Situation Analysis:
āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻŦুāϜা।

⧍. Need Identification:
āĻ•ি āĻ•ি āωāύ্āύāϤি āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ āϏে⧟া āϚিāύাāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰া।

ā§Š. Goal Setting:
āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āφ⧰ু āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąāϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āϏ্āĻĨিā§° āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ē. Resource Identification:
Human, material āφ⧰ু financial resource āύিāϰ্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ģ. Action Planning:
āĻ•ি āĻ•াāĻŽ, āĻ•োāύে, āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϏে⧟া āύিāϰ্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ŧ. Implementation:
Plan āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąা⧟āύ āϕ⧰া।

ā§­. Monitoring:
āĻ•াāĻŽ āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āφāĻ—āĻŦাā§িāĻ›ে āϚোā§ąা।

ā§Ž. Evaluation:
āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻš'āϞ āύে āĻŽূāϞ্āϝা⧟āύ āϕ⧰া।

ā§Ē। Administrative āφ⧰ু Pedagogical Leadership āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ

Administrative Leadership-āĻ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ organisational functioning-āϤ focus āϕ⧰ে।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ—

  • records,
  • timetable,
  • school calendar,
  • infrastructure,
  • staff management,
  • finance,
  • policy implementation।

Pedagogical Leadership-āĻ teaching-learning process-āϤ focus āϕ⧰ে।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ—

  • classroom teaching,
  • curriculum transaction,
  • lesson planning,
  • assessment,
  • teacher support,
  • learner outcomes।

Effective head teacher-āĻ administrative āφ⧰ু pedagogical āĻĻু⧟ো āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° leadership-ā§° āϏāĻŽāύ্āĻŦ⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে। Revised Unit 4.1-āϤ Educational Planning, Management and Leadership in Administration and Pedagogy āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āφāĻ›ে।

ā§Ģ। Pedagogical Leadership-ā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Pedagogical Leadership-ā§° āĻŽূāϞ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ learner-ā§° learning quality āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰া।

School leader-āĻ—

ā§§. Learning Outcomes-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Lesson planning-āϤ teachers-āĻ• āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Š. Classroom observation āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।
ā§Ē. Teacher collaboration āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Assessment result review āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. Learner difficulties āϚিāύাāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§­. Inclusive teaching āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ž. Teaching resources āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦ্āϧ āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧝. Teacher professional development āĻ†ā§ŸোāϜāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

āϏে⧟ে school leader āĻ•েā§ąāϞ administrator āύāĻšā§Ÿ; āĻāϜāύ academic leader-āĻ“।

ā§Ŧ। School as a Learning Organization āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School as a Learning Organization āĻŽাāύে āĻāύে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟ āϝি āύিāϜেāχ āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āĻļিāĻ•ে āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ—

ā§§. Shared Vision।
⧍. Continuous Learning।
ā§Š. Teacher Collaboration।
ā§Ē. Reflection on Practice।
ā§Ģ. Open Communication।
ā§Ŧ. Innovation।
ā§­. Collective Problem-solving।
ā§Ž. Data-based Improvement।
⧝. Professional Development।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Learner-centred approach।

Teacher-āϏāĻ•āϞেāĻ“ āĻ‡ā§ŸাāϤ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ teaching āύāϕ⧰ে; āύিāϜ⧰ teaching practice-ā§° āĻĒā§°া āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ āĻļিāĻ•ে।

Revised syllabus-ā§° Unit 4.2 āĻšৈāĻ›ে School as a Learning Organization

ā§­। Learning Organization āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে School āĻ—ā§িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ•ি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে?

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School-āĻ• Learning Organization āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ—ā§িāĻŦāϞৈ—

ā§§. Common vision āϤৈ⧟াā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Regular teachers’ meeting āĻ†ā§ŸোāϜāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Š. Best practices share āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ē. Classroom problems collectively discuss āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Teacher professional development āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. Innovation āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰াā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§­. Mistake-āĻ• learning opportunity āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āϞ'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ž. Student feedback āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧝. Action Research āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§§ā§Ļ. School progress āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ review āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§Ž। Building and Leading Teams for Improvement āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School improvement āĻ•েā§ąāϞ head teacher-āĻ āĻ…āĻ•āϞে āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে। Effective team āĻ—ā§া āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ।

Team āĻ—ā§াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে—

ā§§. Common Goal:
āϏāĻ•āϞো āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāχ āĻāĻ•ে āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻŦুāϜিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

⧍. Role Distribution:
āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϜāύ⧰ āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§Š. Communication:
āĻ–োāϞাāĻŽেāϞা communication āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§Ē. Trust:
āĻĒাā§°āϏ্āĻĒā§°িāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āφ⧰ু āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ।

ā§Ģ. Participation:
āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻ•ে āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āĻĻি⧟াā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§Ŧ. Monitoring:
Team progress āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ review āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§­. Recognition:
āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ⧰ āĻ­াāϞ āĻ•াāĻŽā§° āĻŽূāϞ্āϝা⧟āύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

āĻāχāĻĻā§°ে effective team school improvement-ā§° āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āĻšā§Ÿ। Unit 4.3-āϤ Building and Leading Teams for Improvement āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ।

⧝। Team Leadership-ā§° āĻ—ুāĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
āĻāϜāύ āĻ­াāϞ Team Leader-ā§°—

ā§§. Clear Vision āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Communication Skill āĻ­াāϞ āĻšোā§ąা āωāϚিāϤ।
ā§Š. Listening Skill āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ē. Fairness āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Responsibility āĻ­াāĻ— āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. Motivation āĻĻিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§­. Conflict āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ž. Decision-making skill āĻĨāĻ•া āωāϚিāϤ।
⧝. Team member-āĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§§ā§Ļ. āύিāϜে positive example āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§§ā§Ļ। Leading Innovation in School āĻŦুāϞিāϞে āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜা? āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Leading Innovation āĻŽাāύে school leader-āĻ āύāϤুāύ āφ⧰ু āωāĻĒāϝোāĻ—ী idea āĻŦা practice āϚিāύাāĻ•্āϤ, āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϕ⧰ী āϕ⧰াāϤ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻি⧟া।

Innovation-ā§° āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ—

  • new pedagogy,
  • digital learning,
  • library-based learning,
  • peer learning,
  • local TLM,
  • new assessment practice।

āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ—

ā§§. Teaching quality āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
⧍. Learner engagement āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§Š. āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āύāϤুāύāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।
ā§Ē. Teachers creative āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§Ģ. School changing needs-ā§° āϏৈāϤে adapt āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

ā§§ā§§। School Partnership āĻ•ি? āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟āϤা āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School Partnership āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟ে parents, community, academic institution āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ stakeholder-ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ• āĻ—ā§া।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϏুāĻŦিāϧা—

ā§§. Community resources āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।
⧍. Learner support āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§Š. Parent participation āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§Ē. Local knowledge school-āϤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।
ā§Ģ. School problems āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύāϤ āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤা āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§Ŧ. Accountability āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻšā§Ÿ।
ā§­. School-community ownership āĻ—ā§ে।

Unit 4.4-āϤ Leading Innovations and Partnership āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āφāĻ›ে।

⧧⧍। Human Resource Management āĻ•ি? School-āϤ āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Human Resource Management āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āφ⧰ু staff-ā§° knowledge, skill āφ⧰ু ability āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ—

ā§§. Responsibility distribution।
⧍. Team formation।
ā§Š. Professional development।
ā§Ē. Motivation।
ā§Ģ. Staff coordination।
ā§Ŧ. Performance support।
ā§­. Conflict resolution।

āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ—

  • teacher efficiency āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে,
  • teamwork āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰ে,
  • staff satisfaction āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে,
  • learner support āĻ­াāϞ āĻšā§Ÿ।

ā§§ā§Š। Material Resource Management āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Material Resources-ā§° āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ school building, classroom, furniture, library, TLM, sports equipment, ICT device, water and sanitation facilities āφāĻĻি āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

āϏāĻ িāĻ• management-ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে—

ā§§. Available resource inventory ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Need āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী resource distribute āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Š. Regular maintenance āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ē. Resources safe āĻ­াāĻŦে store āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Maximum academic use āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. Damage āφ⧰ু wastage āĻ•āĻŽাāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

āĻ•েā§ąāϞ resource āĻĨāĻ•া āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āύāĻšā§Ÿ; learning-ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে resource āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻšোā§ąাāϟো āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ।

ā§§ā§Ē। Financial Resource Management-ā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Financial Resource Management āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟⧰ available funds āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦāĻļীāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒিāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া।

āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āύীāϤি—

ā§§. Need-based planning।
⧍. Priority setting।
ā§Š. Proper budgeting।
ā§Ē. Transparent expenditure।
ā§Ģ. Correct record keeping।
ā§Ŧ. Accountability।
ā§­. Regular review।

Financial management āĻ­াāϞ āĻš'āϞে limited funds-ā§°েāĻ“ school-ā§° āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϏāĻŽূāĻšāϤ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϕ⧰ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।

ā§§ā§Ģ। NEP 2020-ā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ•োāĻŖā§° āĻĒā§°া School Governance āφ⧰ু Resource Management āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
School governance-āϤ effective leadership, accountability, participation āφ⧰ু available resources-ā§° efficient use āĻ…āϤি āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟।

School leader-āĻ—

ā§§. Human resources-ā§° capability āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Material resource learning-ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏāĻ•্ā§°ি⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Š. Financial resource need āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ē. Stakeholder participation āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Transparency āφ⧰ু accountability āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. School improvement-ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে collaborative planning āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

Revised Unit 4.5-āϤ Management of Human, Material and Financial Resource through School Governance and Leadership as per NEP 2020 āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āφāĻ›ে।

ā§§ā§Ŧ। Total Quality Management (TQM) āĻ•ি? āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āύীāϤিāϏāĻŽূāĻš āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Total Quality Management āĻšৈāĻ›ে institution-ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ⧰ āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাā§°ে continuous quality improvement āϕ⧰া management approach।

School-āϤ TQM-ā§° āύীāϤি—

ā§§. Learner-centredness।
⧍. Continuous Improvement।
ā§Š. Teamwork।
ā§Ē. Participation of All।
ā§Ģ. Evidence-based Decision-making।
ā§Ŧ. Effective Leadership।
ā§­. Resource Efficiency।
ā§Ž. Regular Monitoring।
⧝. Feedback।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Accountability।

āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻāĻ•েāĻŦাā§°ে “perfect” school āĻ—ā§া āύāĻšā§Ÿ; āύি⧟āĻŽী⧟াāĻ•ৈ school quality āωāύ্āύāϤ āϕ⧰া।

ā§§ā§­। TQM āφ⧰ু Whole School Approach-ā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ• āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
TQM āφ⧰ু Whole School Approach āĻĻু⧟োāϟাāχ school improvement-āĻ• holisticāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĻেāĻ–ে।

TQM-āĻ continuous quality improvement-āϤ āϜোā§° āĻĻি⧟ে।

Whole School Approach-āĻ school-ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻĻিāĻļ—

  • leadership,
  • teachers,
  • learners,
  • classroom,
  • curriculum,
  • infrastructure,
  • community

āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āϕ⧰ে।

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨাā§Ž quality improvement āĻ•েā§ąāϞ examination result āĻŦা classroom-āϤ āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āύāĻšā§Ÿ।

Revised Unit 4.6-āϤ Total Quality Management for Whole School Approach āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āφāĻ›ে।

ā§§ā§Ž। Whole School Approach-ā§° āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻš āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Whole School Approach-ā§° āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ—

ā§§. Shared vision।
⧍. Strong leadership।
ā§Š. Teacher participation।
ā§Ē. Learner voice।
ā§Ģ. Positive school culture।
ā§Ŧ. Inclusive teaching।
ā§­. Parent-community involvement।
ā§Ž. Effective resource management।
⧝. Regular assessment and reflection।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Continuous improvement।

āĻ‡ā§ŸাāϤ school improvement āϏāĻ•āϞো stakeholder-ā§° collective responsibility।

⧧⧝। Effective School Leader-ā§° āĻ—ুāĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
āĻāϜāύ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϕ⧰ী School Leader-ā§°—

ā§§. Clear vision āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧍. Integrity āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Š. Communication skill āĻ­াāϞ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ē. Team-building skill āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ģ. Academic leadership āĻĻিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ŧ. Decision-making skill āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§­. Innovation āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§Ž. Inclusive attitude āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧝. Resource management skill āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Community-ā§° āϏৈāϤে positive relationship āĻ—ā§িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
ā§§ā§§. Conflict handling āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।
⧧⧍. Continuous learning-ā§° āĻŽāύোāĻ­াā§ą āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

⧍ā§Ļ। School Improvement-āϤ Head Teacher-ā§° āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া।

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ
Head Teacher āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ improvement-ā§° central leader।

āϤেāĻ“ঁ—

ā§§. School vision āϤৈ⧟াā§° āϕ⧰ে।
⧍. Annual/school development planning-āϤ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻি⧟ে।
ā§Š. Teachers-ā§° teamwork āĻ—ā§ে।
ā§Ē. Classroom learning monitor āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Ģ. Teachers-āĻ• academic support āĻĻি⧟ে।
ā§Ŧ. Resources plan āφ⧰ু manage āϕ⧰ে।
ā§­. Parent-community partnership āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে।
ā§Ž. Innovations āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰ে।
⧝. School data analyse āϕ⧰ি āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āϚিāύাāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰ে।
ā§§ā§Ļ. Accountability āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–ে।
ā§§ā§§. Positive school culture āĻ—ā§ে।
⧧⧍. Whole School Approach-āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞো stakeholder-āĻ• āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āϞৈ āφāĻ—āĻŦাā§ে।

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