Chapter 9

MAHATMA GANDHI

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        Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869. He was a barrister. Then the British ruled our country. Many people fought against the British. They were patriots. They wanted to make India free from the British rule. Gandhi led a movement against the British. It was a movement of non-co-operation with the British. There were no army, no weapons. The movement was peaceful. Gandhi was a great leader.

ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧ⧝ āϚāύ⧰ ⧍ āĻ…āĻ•্āϟোāĻŦā§°āϤ āĻŽোāĻšāύāĻĻাāϏ āϕ⧰āĻŽāϚাāĻĻ āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŦāĻšু āϞোāĻ•ে āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āϝুঁāϜিāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻĻেāĻļāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻŽিāĻ•। āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āĻ­াā§°āϤāĻ• āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāϝ়ে āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ। āχ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻ…āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাā§° āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ। āϏেāύাāĻŦাāĻšিāύী āύাāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্ā§°-āĻļāϏ্āϤ্ā§° āύাāĻ›িāϞ। āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āφāĻ›িāϞ। āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āĻāϜāύ āĻŽāĻšাāύ āύেāϤা āφāĻ›িāϞ।

        M.K. Gandhi was very honest and truthful. He lived a very simple life. He wanted unity of all the Indians. He worked for the poor. People called him Mahatma.

āĻāĻŽ.āĻ•ে. āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻ…āϤি āĻ¸ā§Ž āφ⧰ু āϏāϤ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻী। āĻ…āϤি āϏāĻšāϜ-āϏ⧰āϞ āϜীā§ąāύ āϝাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ়ā§° āϐāĻ•্āϝ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻুāĻ–ীāϝ়াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻŦুāϞি āĻŽাāϤিāĻ›িāϞ।

        At last India became Independent on August 15, 1947. But Mahatma became sad. Because India was divided into two countries, India and Pakistan.

āĻ…ā§ąāĻļেāώāϤ ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§­ āϚāύ⧰ ā§§ā§Ģ āφāĻ—āώ্āϟāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤ āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ āĻšāϝ়। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻĻুāĻ–ী āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°ে। āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻ­াā§°āϤ āφ⧰ু āĻĒাāĻ•িāϏ্āϤাāύ āύাāĻŽā§° āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।

    Mahatma Gandhi was killed on January 30, 1948. All Indians became sad at his death. People loved Mahatma.

⧧⧝ā§Ēā§Ž āϚāύ⧰ ā§Šā§Ļ āϜাāύুā§ąাā§°ীāϤ āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāĻ• āĻšāϤ্āϝা āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ।āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϤ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āϞোāĻ• āĻĻুāĻ–ী āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽাāĻ• āĻ­াāϞ āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ।

 Exercise 


1. Learn the meaning of the following:

āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻ•āĻĨাāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āϜাāύি āϞāĻ“āĻ•

Barrister            non-co-operation            army

āĻŦেā§°িāώ্āϟাā§°            āĻ…āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤা                āϏেāύা

Patriot                independent                    weapon

āĻĻেāĻļāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻŽিāĻ•         āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ                             āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্ā§°

truthful               movement                        unity

āϏāϤ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻী             āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ                        āϐāĻ•্āϝ


2. Complete the following sentences using meaningful words:

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•:

(a) Patriots wanted to make India free from British rule.

āĻĻেāĻļāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻŽিāĻ•āϏāĻ•āϞে āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া ---------- āĻ­াā§°āϤāĻ• -------- āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ।


(b) Gandhi's movement was peaceful.

āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āφāĻ›িāϞ ----------------।


(c) There were no army, no weaponss.

āϏেāύাāĻŦাāĻšিāύী āύাāĻ›িāϞ, ------------- āύাāĻ›িāϞ।


(d) It Was a movement of non-co-operation with the British.

āχ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āϏৈāϤে ------------- ā§° āĻāϟা āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ।



3.  Why people called M.K. Gandhi as Mahatma? 

āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āĻ•িāϝ় M.K. āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ—াāύ্āϧী?

(Write three sentences)

(āϤিāύিāϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āϞিāĻ–া)

Answer: People called M.K. Gandhi as Mahatma because 一

āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āĻāĻŽ.āĻ•ে. āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ

(i) M.K Gandhi was very honest and truthful.

(ii) He wanted unity of all the Indians.

(iii) He worked for the poor.


4. complete the following paragraph. (Using words British, independent, patriots, country, people)

āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ…āύুāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻāϟো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•। (āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ›, āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ, āĻĻেāĻļāĻĒ্ā§°েāĻŽিāĻ•, āĻĻেāĻļ, āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি)

India was then under the British rule. Many countries where fighting against the British. They wanted to make India independentThey worked for the peopleThey were patroits


āĻ­াā§°āϤ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া ----- āĻļাāϏāύ⧰ āĻ…āϧীāύāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŦāĻšুāϤ ----- āĻ•'āϤ āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āϝুঁāϜি āĻĨāĻ•া। āĻ­াā§°āϤ āĻŦāύাāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ -----। ----- ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āϏিāĻšঁāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ -----। āĻ­াā§°āϤ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া ----- āĻļাāϏāύ⧰ āĻ…āϧীāύāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŦāĻšুāϤ ----- āĻ•'āϤ āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāϛ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āϝুঁāϜি āĻĨāĻ•া। āĻ­াā§°āϤ āĻŦāύাāĻŦ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ -----।-----ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āϏিāĻšঁāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ -----।


5. Why was Gandhi sad on August 15, 1947?

⧧⧝ā§Ēā§­ āϚāύ⧰ ā§§ā§Ģ āφāĻ—āώ্āϟāϤ āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āĻ•িāϝ় āĻĻুāĻ–ী āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?

Answer: Gandhi was sad on August 15, 1947 because India was divided into two countries India and Pakistan


6. Why did all Indians become sad on January 30, 1948? 

⧧⧝ā§Ēā§Ž āϚāύ⧰ ā§Šā§Ļ āϜাāύুā§ąাā§°ীāϤ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āĻ•িāϝ় āĻĻুāĻ–ী āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?

Answer: On 30th January 1948, all Indians became sad because of M.K Gandhi's death.


7. Fill up the gaps of the given sentences with appropriate words:

āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻāϤ্āϤ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχāĻŦোā§° āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§°ে āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•:

a) Mahatma Gandhi worked for the Indians(Indians/foreigners)

āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāϝ়ে -----------ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। (āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ়/āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļী)


b) Mahatma Gandhi lived a simple life. (private/simple)

āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāϝ়ে ------------ āϜীā§ąāύ āϝাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। (āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ/āϏ⧰āϞ)


c) Mahatma was a friend of the poor. (enemy/friend)

āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻāϜāύ ----------- āĻĻুāĻ–ীāϝ়াā§°। (āĻļāϤ্ā§°ু/āĻŦāύ্āϧু)


                    

8. Find the rhyming words from the following:

āϤāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻ›āύ্āĻĻāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦিāϚাā§°ি āĻĒাāĻ“āĻ•:

mad, truthful, door, sad, poor, faithful, tour, bad, beautiful.

āωāύ্āĻŽাāĻĻ, āϏāϤ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻী, āĻĻুā§ąাā§°, āĻĻুāĻ–ী, āĻĻুāĻ–ীāϝ়া, āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏী, āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ, āĻŦেāϝ়া, āϏুāύ্āĻĻā§°।

Answer: 

mad    -    sad    -    bad

truthful    -    faithful    -    beautiful

door    -    tour    -    poor



 9. Write eight sentences about Mahatma Gandhi.

āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āφāĻ āϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āϞিāĻ–া।

i) Mahatma Gandhi was born on October2, 1869.

āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ ---------- āϤাā§°িāĻ–ে।


ii) His actual name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āύাāĻŽ āφāĻ›িāϞ -------------।


iii) He was a barrister.

āϤেāĻ“ঁ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻāϜāύ ------------।


iv) Gandhi led a movement against the British.

āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦāϤ ----------- āĻŦিā§°োāϧী āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ ৷


v) He worked for the poor.

āϤেāĻ“ঁ ------------ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।


vi) He wanted unity of all the Indians.

āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ ---------- āϐāĻ•্āϝ।


vii) Gandhi was very honest and truthful.

āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āφāĻ›িāϞ -------- āφ⧰ু -----------।


viii) He was killed on January 30, 1948

āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻšāϤ্āϝা āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ -------------।


 

- Hiru Moni Bora

Post ID: DABP001660