Unit 3

Chapter 2

Condition and  Warranties

āϚ⧰্āϤ āφ⧰ু ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি


Questions

āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāϏāĻŽূāĻš

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

āĻāĻ•াāϧিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ 1. Condition is:

1. āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻšৈāĻ›ে:

(a) Stipulation as to main purpose of contract (b) Stipulation collateral to main purpose of contract

(c) Stipulation additional to main purpose of contract (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚ⧰্āϤাā§ąāϞী (āĻ–) āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻŦāύ্āϧāĻ•ী (āĻ—) āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ…āϤিā§°িāĻ•্āϤ āϚ⧰্āϤ (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (a) Stipulation as to main purpose of contract

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ•) āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚ⧰্āϤ


2. Breach of condition leads to:

2. āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻ­ংāĻ— āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ:

(a) Claim for damages only (b) Claim for losses only (c) Claim to repudiate contract (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻ•্āώāϤিā§° āĻĻাāĻŦী (āĻ–) āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āϞোāĻ•āϚাāύ⧰ āĻĻাāĻŦী

(āĻ—) āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝাāύ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĻাāĻŦী (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (d) All of the above

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°


3. As per the condition as to title

3. āĻļিā§°োāύাāĻŽ ā§° āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি

(a) Seller should be the custodian of goods sold. (b) Seller should be the guarantor of goods sold. (c) Seller should be the owner of goods sold (d) None of the above

(āĻ•) āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āĻšোā§ąা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° ā§°āĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤা।

(āĻ–) āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āĻšোā§ąা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟ⧰ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤা।

(āĻ—) āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āĻšোā§ąা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤা

(āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟো āύāĻšāϝ়

Ans: (c) Seller should be the owner of goods sold

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ—) āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āĻšোā§ąা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤা āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে


4. Condition as to fitness applies when

4. āĻĢিāϟāύেāϛ⧰ āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝোāϜ্āϝ āĻšāϝ় āϝেāϤিāϝ়া

(a) Buyer needs goods for a special purpose

(b) Buyer tells that purpose to the seller (c) Buyer relies on skill of seller (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ (āĻ–) āĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāχ āϏেāχ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāĻ• āĻ•āϝ় (āĻ—) āĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāχ āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤাā§° āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ে (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (d) All of the above

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°


FILL IN THE BLANKS

āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχāĻŦোā§° āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•

1. Time cannot be taken as the essence of the contract unless the contract ............ provides for. [expressely/impliedly]

1. āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āύāĻš'āϞে āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϏাā§°াংāĻļ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āϞ'āĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ি.... āϝোāĻ—াāύ āϧ⧰ে। [āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াā§ąে/āĻŦুāϜোā§ąা]

Ans: (1) expressly

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (1) āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াā§ąে


2. Seller is not held liable if defects in the goods were. defects and conditions of merchantability applied. [Latent/Pater]

2. āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āϤ্ā§°ুāϟি āĻĨাāĻ•িāϞে āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāĻ• āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āϕ⧰া āύāĻšāϝ়। āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏাāϝ়িāĻ•āϤাā§° āϤ্ā§°ুāϟি āφ⧰ু āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻ— āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়। [āϏুāĻĒ্āϤ/āĻĒেāϟাā§°]

Ans: (2) patent

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (2) āĻĒেāϟেāύ্āϟ 


3. When sale is by sample, the bulk should ............ with the sample. [Correspond/var]

3. āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āύāĻŽুāύাāĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি āĻšāϝ়, āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖে ..... āύāĻŽুāύাā§° āϏৈāϤে। [āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ—/āĻ­াā§°]

Ans: (3) correspond

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (3) āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— 


4. "Caveat Emptor" means let the buyer ............ [Suffer/beware]

4. "āĻ•েāĻ­েāϟ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϟ⧰"ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāĻ• ..... [āĻ•āώ্āϟ/āϏাā§ąāϧাāύ]

Ans: (4) Beware

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (4) āϏাā§ąāϧাāύ


TRUE/FALSE

āϏāϤ্āϝ/āĻŽিāĻ›া

1. Caveat emptor is based on assumption that buyer purchases goods relying on seller's skill an judgement

1. āĻ•েāĻ­েāϟ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϟ⧰ āĻāχ āϧাā§°āĻŖাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāϧাā§°িāϤ āϝে āĻ•্ā§°েāϤাāχ āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤাā§° āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ি āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻ•্ā§°āϝ় āϕ⧰ে।

Ans: (1) False


2. Stipulation collateral to main purpose of contract of sale is called as condition.

2. āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻŦāύ্āϧāĻ•ীāĻ• āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।

Ans: (2) False

SHORT QUESTIONS

āϚāĻŽু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ 1. What is a representation and a stipulation?

1. āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ āφ⧰ু āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻ•ি?

Ans:

2. Define the term condition.

2. āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϟোā§° āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āύিā§°্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

3. Differentiate between condition and warranty.

3. āϚ⧰্āϤ āφ⧰ু ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

4. What are the consequences of breach of condition and breach of warranty?

4. āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻ­ংāĻ— āφ⧰ু ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি āĻ­ংāĻ—ā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻŖাāĻŽ āĻ•ি? 

Ans:


5. Explain the cases where condition can be treated as warranty.

5. āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϟো ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ—āĻŖ্āϝ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āϘāϟāύাāĻŦোā§° āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

6. Is time always an essence of the contract?

ā§Ŧ. āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϏāĻĻাāϝ়ে āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻāĻ• āϏাā§°াংāĻļ āύেāĻ•ি?

Ans:

7. What is a patent defect? How is it different from a latent defect?

7. āĻĒেāϟেāύ্āϟ⧰ āϤ্ā§°ুāϟি āĻ•ি? āĻāχāϟো āĻāϟা āϏুāĻĒ্āϤ āϤ্ā§°ুāϟিāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ•?

Ans:

8. Can packing construe description of goods?

8. āĻĒেāĻ•িংāϝ়ে āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻŦুāϜাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦāύে?

Ans:

9. Explain the doctrine of CAVEAT EMPTOR with exceptions.

9. āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ•েāĻ­েāϟ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϟ⧰⧰ āĻŽāϤāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•। 

Ans:


10. Explain the implied warranties in a contract of sale.

10. āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ীāϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āύিāĻšিāϤ ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟিāĻŦোā§° āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

LONG QUESTIONS 1. Distinguish between a 'condition' and a 'warranty'. When does a condition descend to the level of a warranty?

1. āĻāϟা 'āϚ⧰্āϤ' āφ⧰ু 'ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি'ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϕ⧰āĻ•। āĻāϟা āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়া ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āϏ্āϤ⧰āϞৈ āύাāĻŽি āφāĻšে?

Ans:

2. State the conditions implied in a contract for the sale of goods (1) by description, (2) by sample, and (3) required for a particular purpose.

2. āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύাā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী (1) , (2) āύāĻŽুāύাā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া, āφ⧰ু (3) āĻāϟা āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ় āϚ⧰্āϤāĻŦোā§° āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

3. Briefly explain the conditions and warranties implied by law in a contract for the sale of goods.

3. āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ীā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āφāχāύ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āύিā§°্āϧাā§°িāϤ āϚ⧰্āϤ āφ⧰ু ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟিāĻŦোā§° āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:

4. State the doctrine of caveat emptor and exceptions to it.

4. āĻ•েāĻ­েāϟ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϟ⧰⧰ āĻŽāϤāĻŦাāĻĻ āφ⧰ু āχāϝ়াā§° āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽāĻŦোā§° āĻ•āĻ“ঁāĻ•।

Ans:

5. What is implied 'warranty' in case of a sale by sample? Can a contract be avoided if such warranty is breached?

5. āύāĻŽুāύাā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āϕ⧰াā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ 'ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি' āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜাāϝ়? āϝāĻĻি āĻāύে ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি āωāϞংāϘা āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ় āϤেāύ্āϤে āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻā§°াāχ āϚāϞিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāύে?

Ans:

6. "In a contract for the sale of goods there is no implied condition or warranty as to the quality of the goods or their fitness for any particular purpose." Comment.

6. "āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ীā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻŽাāύāĻĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦা āĻ•োāύো āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏেāχāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĢিāϟāύেāϛ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻ•োāύো āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϚ⧰্āϤ āĻŦা ā§ąাā§°েāĻŖ্āϟি āύাāχ।" āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ।

Ans:


7. Explain the rule of caveat emptor and state how far it is modified by implied conditions.

7. āĻ•েāĻ­েāϟ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϟ⧰⧰ āύিāϝ়āĻŽāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ• āφ⧰ু āχāϝ়াāĻ• āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āĻĻূā§° āϞৈāĻ•ে āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āύিāĻšিāϤ āϚ⧰্āϤ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ় āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Ans:




Type: Priyam Jyoti Patar

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