Chapter 5
Free Consent
āĻŦিāύাāĻŽূāϞীāϝ়া āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি
Question
āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞ্āĻĒāĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1. Consent means:
1. āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤিā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ āĻšৈāĻে: (a) Express willingness (b) Voluntary permission (c) Voluntary agreeing (d) All of the above (āĻ) āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļā§° āĻāĻ্āĻা (āĻ) āϏ্āĻŦেāĻ্āĻাāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻ āύুāĻŽāϤি (āĻ) āϏ্āĻŦেāĻ্āĻাāĻŽূāϞāĻ āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤ (āĻ) āĻāĻĒā§°োāĻ্āϤ āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§°
Ans: (d) All of the above āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§°
2. When consent is caused by coercion, the contract becomes ______. ⧍. āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦāϞāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦāĻ āĻাā§ąে āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšāϝ়, āĻুāĻ্āϤিāĻো __
(a) Void (b) Voidable (c) Void-ab-initio (d) None of the above (āĻ) āĻļূāύ্āϝāϤা (āĻ) āĻŦাāϤিāϞāϝোāĻ্āϝ (āĻ) āĻŦাāϤিāϞ-āĻāĻŦ-āĻāύিāĻিāĻ (āĻ) āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻোāύোāĻো āύāĻšāϝ়
Ans: (b) Voidable āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āĻŦাāϤিāϞāϝোāĻ্āϝ
3. Coercion is threat, where undue influence is _______ threat.
ā§Š. āĻŦāϞāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻ āĻšৈāĻে āĻাāĻŦুāĻি, āϝ'āϤ āĻ
āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą āĻšৈāĻে __
(a) Mental, physical (b) Physical, mental,
(c) Mental, mental (d) Physical, physical
(āĻ) āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ, āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ (āĻ) āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ, āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ,
(āĻ) āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ, āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ (āĻ) āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ, āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ
Ans: (b) Physical, mental, āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ, āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ,
4. Duress aims at ______ violence.
4. āĻĄুā§°েāĻে āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ ā§°াāĻে ______ āĻšিংāϏা।
(a) Physical (b) Mental (c) Immediate (d) None of the above
(āĻ) āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ (āĻ) āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ (āĻ) āϤাā§āĻ্āώāĻŖিāĻ (āĻ) āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻোāύোāĻো āύāĻšāϝ়
Ans: (c) Immediate āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āϤাā§āĻ্āώāĻŖিāĻ
5. Undue Influence is ______ form of coercion. ā§Ģ. āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą āĻšৈāĻে ______ āĻŦāϞāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°।
(a) Subtle (b) Strict
(c) Coarse (d) Superior (āĻ) āϏূāĻ্āώ্āĻŽ (āĻ) āĻāĻ োā§° (āĻ) āĻŽোāĻা (āĻ) āĻāĻ্āĻāϤ⧰
Ans: (a) Subtle āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āϏূāĻ্āώ্āĻŽ
6. Fraud is _______ misrepresentation of facts.
6. āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা āĻšৈāĻে āϤāĻĨ্āϝ⧰ _______ āĻুāϞ āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ।
(a) Forceful (b) Negligent (c) Intentional (d) All of the above
(āĻ) āĻŦāϞāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦāĻ (āĻ) āĻ ā§ąāĻšেāϞা (āĻ) āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤ (āĻ) āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§°
Ans: (c) Intentional āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ) āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤ
FILL IN THE BLANKS āĻাāϞী āĻ াāĻāĻŦোā§° āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻ 1. Fraud is made _______ to deceive the other party (unintentionally/intentionally)
ā§§. āĻāύ āĻĒāĻ্āώāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤাā§°āĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ ___ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ় (āĻ āύিāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে/āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে)
Ans: (1) intentionally āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (ā§§) āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে 2. Where it is the duty of the person is to speak, keeping silence amounts to _______.(fraud/mistake)
⧍. āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāύ⧰ āĻā§°্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻ'āϤ āĻāĻে āĻāĻĨা āĻোā§ąা, āύীā§°ā§ąāϤা ā§°āĻাāĻো __ (āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা/āĻুāϞ)
Ans: (2) fraud āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (⧍) āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা
3. A false statement made______ amounts to misrepresentation. (intentionally/unintentionally)
3. āĻāĻা āĻŽিāĻা āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤি __ āĻā§°াāĻো āĻুāϞ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽাāύ। (āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে/āĻ āύিāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে)
Ans: (3) unintentionally
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰: (ā§Š) āĻ
āύিāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে
4. Restitution means to ______ benefits and ______ losses (restore/return/compensate/return)
ā§Ē) āĻ্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻŽাāύে ______ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻā§°ু ______ āϞোāĻāĻাāύ (āĻĒুāύ⧰ুāĻĻ্āϧাā§°/āĻāĻāϤাāĻ/āĻ্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ/āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়া)
Ans: (4) restore, compensate āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ē) āĻĒুāύ⧰ুāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āĻā§°া, āĻ্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া
5. Mistake is an _____ belief about something. (erroneous/intentional)
ā§Ģ/ āĻুāϞ āĻš'āϞ āĻিāĻŦা āĻāĻাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে _____ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ। (āĻুāϞ/āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤ)
Ans: (5) erroneous āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ģ) āĻুāϞ
6. Bilateral mistake is a mistake of _______. s(law/fact)
ā§Ŧ/ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻĒাāĻ্āώিāĻ āĻুāϞ _______ ā§° āĻুāϞ। s(āĻāĻāύ/āϤāĻĨ্āϝ)
Ans: (6) fact āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ŧ) āϤāĻĨ্āϝ
TRUE/FALSE
āϏঁāĻা/āĻŽিāĻা
ā§§/ āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি, āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą, āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা, āĻুāϞ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা & āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϤ āύāĻš'āϞে āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি āĻŽুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।
Ans: (1) True āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§§) āϏঁāĻা
2. An agreement caused by bilateral mistake makes it as a voidable contract.
⧍/ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻĒাāĻ্āώিāĻ āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āĻুāĻ্āϤিāϝ়ে āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻŦাāϤিāϞāϝোāĻ্āϝ āĻুāĻ্āϤি āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻāĻĸ়ি āϤোāϞে।
Ans: (2) False āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (⧍) āĻŽিāĻা
3. Coercion is mental threat & undue influence is physical threat.
ā§Š/ āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি āĻā§°াāĻো āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ āĻাāĻŦুāĻি & āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ āĻাāĻŦুāĻি।
Ans: (3) False āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Š) āĻŽিāĻা
4. Undue Influence is a subtle form of coercion.
ā§Ē/ āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą āĻšৈāĻে āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤিā§° āĻāĻ āϏূāĻ্āώ্āĻŽ ā§°ূāĻĒ।
Ans: (4) True āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ē) āϏঁāĻা 5. Coercion is a criminal act.
ā§Ģ/ āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি āĻā§°াāĻো āĻāĻা āĻ āĻĒā§°াāϧāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻাā§°্āϝ্āϝ।
Ans: (5) True āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ģ) āϏঁāĻা 6. Mere silence is not fraud but the reverse may be true in exceptions.
ā§Ŧ) āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻŽৌāύāϤা āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা āύāĻšāϝ় āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ্ā§°āĻŽāϤ āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤ āĻš’āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।
Ans: (6) True āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ŧ) āϏঁāĻা 7. Intention to deceive decides whether it is fraud or misrepresentation.
ā§) āĻĒ্ā§°āϤাā§°āĻŖা āĻā§°াā§° āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞāϝ় āϝে āϏেāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা āύে āĻুāϞ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা।
Ans: (7) True āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§) āϏঁāĻা SHORT QUESTIONS
āĻুāĻি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1. Define consent. When is consent said to be free?
ā§§/ āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤিā§° āϏংāĻ্āĻা āĻĻিāϝ়া। āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি āĻŽুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦুāϞি āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়?
Ans:
2. What is coercion?
⧍/ āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি āĻি?
Ans:
3. Is undue influence a subtle form of coercion?
ā§Š/ āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ą āĻāĻা āϏূāĻ্āώ্āĻŽ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤিā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ āύেāĻি?
Ans:
4. Differentiate between coercion and undue influence
ā§Ē) āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি āĻā§°ু āĻ āϝāĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§ąā§° āĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ ā§°াāĻিāĻŦ āϞাāĻে
Ans:
5. Explain briefly the reasons for flaw in consent.
ā§Ģ) āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤিāϤ āϤ্ā§°ুāĻিā§° āĻাā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻāĻŽুāĻৈ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ্āϝা āĻā§°া।
Ans:
6. Explain the principle of restitution. 7. Define the term duress. Also differentiate it with coercion.
ā§Ŧ) āĻĒুāύ⧰ুāĻĻ্āϧাā§°ā§° āύীāϤি āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ্āϝা āĻā§°া। ā§) āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻোā§° āϏংāĻ্āĻা āĻĻিāϝ়া। āϞāĻāϤে āĻোā§°-āĻāĻŦā§°āĻĻāϏ্āϤিā§°ে āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ āĻā§°āĻ।
Ans:
8. Is fraud an intentional misrepresentation?
ā§Ž/ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąāĻ্āĻāύা āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻৃāϤāĻাā§ąে āĻā§°া āĻুāϞ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āύেāĻি?
Ans:
9. "Mere silence in not fraud". Comment.
⧝/ "āĻŽেā§° āĻাāĻāϞেāύ্āϏ āĻāύ āύāĻ āĻĢ্ā§°āĻĄ"। āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ.
Ans: