AHSEC Class 11 Agriculture Chapter 12 Question Answer 2025 (Assam Board)AHSEC Class 11 Agriculture Question Answer ||English Medium||

 Chapter 12

Feeding dairy animals

Additional questions and answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

1. What are the major components of feed for livestock?
   ✦ Ans: green grass, dry grass, granular foods, minerals, and protein foods.

2. What is the daily water requirement for cows?
   ✦ Answer: About 30-50 liters of water.

3. What are the benefits of eating green grass?
   ✦ Answer: Provides adequate vitamins and minerals, improves digestion.

4. What are the main types of livestock feed?
   ✦ Answer: 3 types – (i) Ration (Roughage), (ii) Collected Food (Concentrates), and (iii) Minerals & Vitamins.

5. What can be fed to add protein to livestock feed?
   ✦ Answer: Dairy cousins, grain foods, fatty foods, lowercase letters.

Short Answer Type Questions:

6. What are the basic ingredients needed for livestock feed supply?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Carbohydrates : Sources of energy (e.g. corn, wheat, rice).
   • Protein : For growth (eg peas, soybeans, soybeans).
   • Minerals and vitamins : To strengthen bones.
   • Fiber : Aids digestion (eg green grass, leaves).

7. Give proper diet for cows and mosquitoes.
   ✦ Answer:

   • For everyone : green grass, dry grass.
   • Dairy Cows : Protein feed, granular feed.
   • Pregnant cows : Mineral, calcium, protein feed.

8. What is the water requirement for cows?
   ✦ Answer:

   • To keep digestion healthy.
   • To control body temperature.
   • Helps for milk production.

9. What is the importance of mineral salts in cow feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • It strengthens bones and teeth.
   • Increases milk production.
   • It is used to treat nutritional deficiencies.

10. What type of feed should be given to increase milk production?
    ✦ Answer:

• Foods rich in protein.
• Foods rich in vitamins A, D, and E.
• Adequate green grass and mineral mixture.

Long Answer Type Questions:

11. Describe the method of feeding and watering livestock.
    ✦ Answer:

• Supply of green grass: Gives plenty of nutrients.
• Supply of dry grass: Ensures food supply during winter.
• Water Supply: Ensure supply of clean water.
• Chaff Cutting Food: Easier for digestion.
• Daily feed ration: Feed distribution according to the body of the cow.

12. What is the feed management practice for dairy cows?
    ✦ Answer:

• Daily feed distribution : Depends on cow's milk production.
• High protein foods : Soybeans, sola, and granulated foods.
• Food List :
  • Morning : Green grass and granular food.
  • Daytime : Dry grass and mineral mix.
  • Afternoon : Granular food and water.

Animal feed products, their characteristics, composition and quality

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

1. How many types of animal feed are there?
   ✦ Answer: There are two types – (i) Ration (Roughage) and (ii) Concentrates.

2. What are the main ingredients of animal feed?
   ✦ Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, and water.

3. What is Ration (Roughage)?
   ✦ Answer: High fiber foods like green grass, dry grass, leaves.

4. What is Collected Food (Concentrates)?
   ✦ Answer: Highly nutritious foods like soybeans, soybeans, corn, wheat, rice.

5. What characterizes high quality animal feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Clean and disease-free.
   • Rich in nutrients.
   • Easily digestible.
   • Contamination free and fresh.

Short Answer Type Questions:

6. What is the way to improve the quality of animal feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • maintaining nutritional value.
   • Storage in a clean and dry place.
   • keeping safe from diseases and insects.
   • Food preparation in scientific methods.

7. Give examples of carbohydrate foods.
   ✦ Answer: Leaves of corn, rice, wheat, and jackfruit trees.

8. Give examples of protein foods.
   ✦ Answer: Soybean, chola, masbai, cotton shell.

9. What is the mineral requirement in animal feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • It strengthens bones and teeth.
   • Increases milk production.
   • It keeps the metabolism right.

10. What should be good quality animal feed?
    ✦ Answer:

• Clean and free from contamination.
• Maintains nutritional properties.
• Easily digestible.
• Contains plenty of vitamins, proteins and minerals.

Long Answer Type Questions:

11. Explain the composition, characteristics and quality of animal feed.
    ✦ Answer:

• Composition:
  • Carbohydrates: Provides energy.
  • Protein: Promotes growth.
  • Fat: Conserves energy.
  • Minerals: Strengthens bones and teeth.
  • Vitamins: Protects health.
• Characteristics:
  • Easily digestible.
  • Clean and hygienic.
  • Essential nutrients are present.
• Quality Control:
  • Testing and preserving food.
  • Keep it in a clean place.
  • Drying before storage.

12. What types of measures should be taken to maintain good quality of animal feed?
    ✦ Answer:

• Store food in a dry and cool place.
• Keeping safe from bacteria and insects.
• Maintaining food quality by adding minerals and protein.
• Examination of food to remove contaminants.

Feeding dairy animals

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. What are dairy animals?
   ✦ Answer: Animals that produce milk, such as cows, buffaloes, buffaloes, and goats are called dairy animals.

2. What kind of food is needed to increase milk production?
   ✦ Answer: High protein foods like soybeans, soybeans, corn, minerals, vitamins.

3. How many parts are there in cow or mosquito feed?
   ✦ Answer: Two parts – (i) Ration (Roughage) and (ii) Concentrates.

4. What are high protein feeds for cows?
   ✦ Answer: Sola, soybean, cotton shell, masabai, sesame shell.

5. Give examples of mineral salts for cows.
   ✦ Answer: Limestone, DCP (Dicalcium Phosphate), Trace Mineral Mixture.

6. What is the role of water in animals?
   ✦ Answer: Increases digestion, body temperature regulation, nutrient transport and milk production.

7. About how many liters of water do cows drink per day?
   ✦ Answer: 30-50 liters (depending on temperature and food).

Short Answer Type Questions

8. How can feed quality be maintained in dairy cows?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Provide clean and healthy food.
   • The diet should contain the necessary proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins.
   • Store food in a clean place.
   • Feeding natural grass and nutritious feed in addition to artificial feed.

9. What is the role of ration (Roughage) in dairy feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • It facilitates digestion.
   • It helps in digestion and produces more milk.
   • It prevents the formation of gas in the stomach of cows.
   • Provides fiber suitable for digestion.

10. How does concentrate increase milk production?
    ✦ Answer:

• Provides more protein, energy and nutrition.
• Improves the quality of milk production.
• Maintains the body weight of the cow.
• Activates lactation hormones.

Long Answer Type Questions

11. What determines the amount and composition of the diet of dairy animals?
    ✦ Answer:

• Age of the animal: Young and old cows have different feed intake.
• Dairy production: High milking cows have higher feed requirements.
• Digestion: More milk is produced when there is easily digestible food.
• Climate: Food requirements are different in hot or cold weather.
• Pregnancy: Pregnant cows need more nutritious feed.

12. How should dairy animal feed be prepared?
    ✦ Answer:

• Morning: Green grass and 1-2 kg of collected food.
• Noon: Adequate water and dry grass.
• Afternoon: Mineralized food, protein rich food.
• Night: Easily digestible foods such as cotton balls, soybean mixture.

13. Why do dairy animals need minerals and vitamins?
    ✦ Answer:

• Minerals:
  • Calcium and Phosphorus: Strengthens bones and teeth.
  • Selenium: Increases milk productivity.
• Vitamins:
  • Vitamin A: Prevents eye problems.
  • Vitamin D: Strengthens bones.
  • Vitamin E: Improves reproductive health.

14. How should feed control be done to increase milk production in dairy animals?
    ✦ Answer:

• Prepare a daily menu.
• Feeding high protein foods.
• Provide adequate water supply.
• Use of mineral-rich foods.
• Testing and storing food.

Preparation of animal feed

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. What is animal feed?
   ✦ Answer: Animal feed is the food required for growth, milk production and energy supply of animals.

2. How many types of animal feed are there?
   ✦ Answer: Two types – (i) Ration (Roughage) and (ii) Concentrates.

3. What is the goal of animal feed manufacturing?
   ✦ Answer:

   • maintaining animal health.
   • Increase milk production.
   • Improve animal growth.

4. Where should I store the collected feed (Concentrate)?
   ✦ Answer: Store in a dry and clean place.

5. What are the essential ingredients in animal feed?
   ✦ Ans: Proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and water.

Short Answer Type Questions

6. How is the collected feed (Concentrate) prepared?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Mix corn, wheat, sola, soybeans, and sesame seeds.
   • Adding minerals and vitamins.
   • Store in a dry place.

7. How to prepare ration (Roughage)?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Cutting and drying green grass and preserving it.
   • Feeding dry grass soaked in water.
   • Feed clean and fresh hay.

8. What kinds of efforts should be made when preparing animal feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Use clean and disease-free food.
   • maintaining nutritional value.
   • Adopt pollution-free and sustainable methods.

Long Answer Type Questions

9. How to prepare high quality animal feed?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Carbohydrate foods: corn, rice, wheat.
   • Protein foods: Soybeans, sola, masbai.
   • Fatty foods: Sesame seeds, soybean seeds.
   • Minerals: Lime, cloves.
   • Vitamins: Carrots, raw grass.

10. What are the best animal feed storage practices?
    ✦ Answer:

• Store in a dry place.
• Keep in a well ventilated area.
• Preservation free from pests and diseases.

Maintaining food and water supplies

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. Why is food and water supply important for animals?
   ✦ Answer: Food and water are essential for animal health, growth, milk production and energy.

2. How many types of animal feed are there?
   ✦ Answer: There are two types of animal feed – (i) Roughage and (ii) Concentrate.

3. About how many liters of water does an adult cow drink per day?
   ✦ Answer: 30-50 liters (depending on temperature and food).

4. What are the best methods of water supply?
   ✦ Answer:

   • clean and adequate water supply.
   • Develop automatic water supply systems.
   • Keeping drains and wells clean.

5. What is the best way to preserve animal feed?
   ✦ Answer: Store food in a dry, cool, and clean place.

Short Answer Type Questions

6. What types of precautions should be taken in maintaining the feed supply?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Provide fresh and nutritious food.
   • Store food in a dry place.
   • Feeding clean food to prevent infection.

7. How can animal water quality be maintained?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Provide clean and pure water.
   • Monitoring water conservation systems.
   • Not using contaminated water.

8. What can be the problem if the food supply is not checked regularly?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Animal malnutrition may occur.
   • Milk production may decrease.
   • Animals can develop various diseases.

Long Answer Type Questions

9. How to best manage animal feed supply?
   ✦ Answer:

   • Create a daily menu.
   • Store food in a clean place.
   • Feed foods rich in essential proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins.
   • Check the quantity of feed supply regularly.

10. How to provide adequate water supply to animals?
    ✦ Answer:

• Using deep well, tubewell, or river water.
• Keeping water drinking areas clean.
• Provide more water on hot days.
• Feeding water mixed with essential minerals.