Chapter 3
Current Trends in Education
Question: Answer:
1. What does environmental education mean?
Answer: The environment is the interaction between living and inanimate matter around us and the conditions created by man, soil, air, water, animals, plants etc.
2. Write down two characteristics of environmental education.
Answer : improve skills to solve environmental problems and create a sense of responsibility towards the environment.
2. Facilitate the identification of environmental problems and the mastery of solution strategies.
Answer: “ World Environment Day is celebrated on 5th June .
4. The Why is environmental education important?
Answer: Why environmental education is important is discussed below -
The environment is a state of being associated with the unique creations of nature and human activities. People of all walks of life, regardless of age, occupation or religion, are affected by the environment. The environment is a universal issue and has no limits. Therefore, environmental studies are called multi-chain studies. Environmental studies are closely related to various aspects of human life such as health, safe habitat, healthy living, clean water and air, fertile land, good food and clothing. If the biodiversity of the outside world is to be preserved.
5. Write down the four objectives of environmental education.
Answer: The four objectives of environmental education are -
1 . To develop basic knowledge and understanding among people about the whole environment and related problems.
2. Facilitate participation in various activities to address environmental issues.
3. To contribute to solving environmental problems by developing a sense of positive attitude among students about the environment.
4. The To realize the importance of taking responsible and appropriate steps to protect the environment and solve problems.
6. Describe the role of education in environmental conservation.
Answer: The role of education in environmental conservation -
1 . Recent environmental problems have resulted in loss of organic matter, flooding and declining fertility of agricultural land. All individuals should be made aware of such things and education has played a major role in this regard
2. The One of the main factors behind environmental degradation is population growth. Through education, the public can be educated about the dangers of population growth and population control.
3. Educational institutions should implement programs like conservation, maintenance and social afforestation to maintain environmental balance.
4. The Humans are an integral part of nature and the environment and therefore humans should obey the laws of nature. There can only be people if there is nature. Therefore, it is necessary to create awareness through education that it is not possible to preserve and develop human beings by destroying nature.
5. Various laws have been enacted locally, nationally and internationally to control the irrational and irrational behavior of individuals and societies in the field of environment. Education can make the public aware of this legal system of environmental studies.
7. Write the meaning of population education.
Answer: Population education is an educational scheme through which students are informed about the population status of a family, a nation or the population status of the world. Through the knowledge thus acquired, they develop rational, responsible attitudes and behavior towards the state of the population.
8. Write down five characteristics of population education.
Answer:
1. Understand the basic principles of population science.
2. Know the causes of rapid population growth.
3. Understanding the effects of rapid population growth.
4. The Understand the close relationship between individual improvement and socio-economic development.
5. Understand the meaning and importance of environmental balance.
9. Why is the study of population education important?
Answer: Population education is an educational scheme through which students are informed about the population status of a family, a nation or the population status of the world. Through the knowledge thus acquired, they develop rational, responsible attitudes and behavior towards the state of the population. In a limited sense, many people refer to population education as family planning, birth control education or sex education, but this is not true. After all, population education is not limited to one aspect. The purpose of population education is not only to control population—the purpose of population education varies from time to time, place to place, and from culture to culture. For example, one of the objectives of population education in India is to control population while population increase is one of the objectives of population education in Canada. In fact, the ultimate goal of population education is to improve the quality of life.
10. . ' Who named the concept of population education ?
Answer: Alve Myrdol.( Alve Myrdol)
11. Write the definition of population education.
According to Indian educationist Gopal Rao, “Population education is an educational scheme that helps in studying population situation and enables students to make rational decisions about the problems caused by rapid population growth.
12. How can population education be provided in educational institutions?
Answer:
1. 1. Primary school children should be taught the concept of 'small family happy family'
2. 2. At the middle school level, children should be taught about the history of population growth and its comparison with other countries.
3. 3. Students should be given a description of how this problem affects the economic, social, political and cultural spheres of a country.
4. The Students should be informed about how population growth affects our physical health, natural resources and the environmental conditions of the country.
5. 5. Sex education should be provided as part of population education from secondary level.
6. 6. At the secondary level, children should be made aware of the devastating impact of population growth on their personal and social lives.
13. 13. What does physical education mean?
Answer: Physical education can provide knowledge about how to maintain good health. This education can teach about various diseases, their causes and preventive measures etc.
14. 14. Define physical education.
Answer: Charles A. McCarthy. According to Charles A. Bacher, “ Physical education is an essential part of the whole educational process and aims to develop physically, mentally, emotionally and socially healthy citizens through physical activity.
15. 15. Write down the four objectives of physical education.
Answer: The four objectives of physical education are -
(1) To develop the individual as a whole.
(2) To develop the child's balanced personality
(3) To develop the democratic, social and moral qualities of children.
(4) Develop qualities like patience, self-control, courage, cooperation, empathy and leadership.
(5) Develop good habits and exercise and play regularly.
(6) To create physically, mentally, emotionally, socially and morally healthy citizens.
16. 16. Write down three requirements of physical education.
Answer: The three requirements of physical education are -
1. 1. Boosting self-confidence: Physical activities like sports develop self-confidence and positive attitudes in students. Participation in sports, martial arts, dance, etc. naturally develops a person's overall personality.
2. 2. Creating awareness about health and nutrition: Physical education can provide appropriate knowledge about all aspects of physical and mental health. It promotes healthy eating habits and provides nutritional guidance.
3. 3. 3. Developing sportsmanship and team spirit: Participation in physical activities especially sports can develop sportsmanship and team spirit in the minds of students. It can also develop the communication skills of the students.
4. The Developing motor skills: Motor skills can also be developed through physical education. Participation in sports and other physical activities can develop students' motor skills. This can develop good health of students and coordinate the cycle.
17. 17. Write down the five recommendations of the Kothari Commission on physical education.
Answer:
1. 1. Boosting self-confidence: Physical activities like sports develop students' self-confidence and positive attitudes. Participation in sports, martial arts, dance, etc. naturally develops a person's overall personality.
2. 2. Creating awareness about health and nutrition: Physical education can provide appropriate knowledge about all aspects of physical and mental health. It promotes healthy eating habits and provides nutritional guidance.
3. 3. 3. Developing sportsmanship and team spirit: Participation in physical activities especially sports can develop sportsmanship and team spirit in the minds of students. It can also develop the communication skills of the students
4. The Developing motor skills: Motor skills can also be developed through physical education. Participation in sports and other physical activities can develop students' motor skills. This can be used to develop good health and hand-eye coordination of students.
5. 5. Emphasis on health science: Physical education classes also emphasize personal health science and hygiene. This makes students interested in understanding the importance of health science and applying it in practice.
18. 18. How can physical education be provided in schools?
Answer:
1. 1. Physical education programs should be tailored to the interests and abilities of the participants.
2. 2. Emphasis should be placed on traditional sports and physical activities in our country.
3. 3. Physical education programs should help every student to realize and feel proud of their value as a member of society.
19. 19. What does value mean?
Answer: Abstract and generalized forms of behavior and thought to which people are highly emotionally and positively committed and which are recognized as the standards of other people's actions, judgments and goals .
20. 20. What is value education?
Values are abstract and generalized forms of behavior and thought to which people are highly passionate and positively committed and which are recognized as the standards for the actions, judgments and goals of others .
21. 21. Mention the types of values.
Answer: The types of values are mentioned below -
1 . Moral Values: Moral values are the values associated with a person's character and personality in judging right and wrong. Moral values help in decision making on an issue. These values affect different areas of people's lives.
2. 2. Aesthetic Values: Aesthetic values are the beauty perceived by a person in an object or subject. The philosopher Plato believed in the sense of beauty. This value depends entirely on the human mind. Aesthetic values are those that are inspired by creative and imaginative attitudes.
3. 3. 3. Economic Values: Economic values are values associated with money. Usually we also find value in money or things ; Because it meets our needs. Materialistic mentality and greed belong to these values.
4. The Health and Bodily Values: These values relate to the satisfaction of health or physical fitness, sports and physical needs such as enjoyment, hunger, comfort, sexuality, etc. Along with physical health, these values include mental health.
5. 5. Intellectual Values: These values are used to reveal or cover up the truth of an object or action .
22. 22. Why is values education necessary?
Answer: If we want to abandon the civilizations and cultures of the past and welcome the present, then the values of society will deteriorate. Therefore, there is a great need and importance of values education in society to preserve the civilization and culture of the past.
The need and importance of values education is discussed below -
1. 1. Development of Personality: Value education is essential for the purpose of human life in general and for the development of personality in particular. The purpose of values education is to develop students into strong personalities. Therefore, values education is essential for the healthy management of society and the development of personality of students. This education enables the physical, mental, emotional, social and moral development of students.
2. 2. Development of Moral Qualities: Looking at the present society, it can be seen that there is a great decline in morality in the present society. Therefore, values education is necessary to develop moral qualities in the minds of students by preventing such moral decline in society. Through values education, students can develop moral qualities like honesty, integrity, self-control, responsibility, self-reliance, discipline etc.
3. 3. Preparing Students for the Future: Acquiring knowledge alone cannot be the sole goal of education. The main objective of education should be to acquire knowledge and develop moral values. Values education is needed to develop themselves as good parents and good citizens of society.
4. The Counter Bad Habits in Society : There are many role models among the youth who commit many bad deeds in society such as sexual crimes, defamation of women, and alcohol abuse. These influences also mislead the youth. There is an undeniable need for values-based education to eliminate this negative impact.
5. Preservation of Cultural Heritage: The cultural heritage of the society can be preserved through value education. It can create an attitude of eternal truth and beauty in the mind of the individual.
23. 23. Define values education.
According to Allport , “Value is a belief upon which a man acts by preference” .
24. 24. How can value education be provided in educational institutions?
Answer: Religious education and social values through the curriculum in the education system. He mentions how to inculcate moral, spiritual education and social values among students. Students should be taught values according to their level of education from pre-primary to higher level.
This is discussed below.
1. 1. Value education at pre-primary level: Narrow values concept at pre-primary education level. For example, knowledge of truth, righteousness, peace, love and non-violence should be taught. This knowledge should be imparted to young children in curricular and co-curricular ways.
2. 2. Values Education at Primary and Secondary Levels: Values education can be provided through curricular and co-curricular programs at primary and secondary levels of education
25. 25. Define women's empowerment.
Answer: C.S. According to C. Nongbri, “Empowerment in the Indian context means upgrading women's ability to make informed choices and enhancing their ability to manage their economic and domestic environment efficiently.”
26. 26. What does women's empowerment mean?
Answer: Women empowerment is a process of changing the status of women. The word empowerment literally means to strengthen or strengthen. The term empowerment is widely used in various fields such as social, cultural, political, economic, educational, etc. In the case of women, this concept of empowerment emphasizes on empowering women from all sides
27. 27. State three objectives of women empowerment.
Answer: The three objectives of women empowerment are as follows -
1. 1. Development of Economic self sufficiency: Economic self-sufficiency is a special aspect of women's empowerment. Women need to become economically self-reliant in order to free themselves from male exploitation, oppression and repression. Therefore, the development of financial self-reliance is also considered as an objective of women's empowerment.
2. 2. Giving Political Power: In order to bring about political stability in a country, women should be given political power equally with men. Through political empowerment of women, women's minds and behavior can be strengthened and empowered.
3. 3. 3. Giving equal right and opportunity of education: Jawaharlal Nehru said, “Boy's education is only for one, but girl's education is for the whole family”—this phrase shows the importance of giving equal rights and opportunities to women in education. Education can instill a sense of self-confidence and behavior in women.
4. The Development and recognition of native potentiality: Women have to suppress their native talents and abilities due to various problems. This hinders the development of human potential. A country can only move forward if the capabilities of all its citizens are developed and recognized.
28. 28. In which year was the National Policy for the Empowerment of Women adopted ?
Answer: The National Policy on Women Empowerment was adopted in
29. 29. On which date is International Women's Day celebrated?
Answer: “International Women's Day is celebrated on 8th March .
30. 30. Describe the role of education in women's empowerment.
Answer: Education is a powerful tool for transforming society. Education as a tool for social change serves two purposes. It strives to develop the personality of the individual and prepare him as a worthy person in society. Education also plays an immense role in empowering women. The impact of education in empowering women in all aspects is undeniable. That is why the once Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru said that “Educating a man and educating a woman means educating the whole family. Empowering women means empowering Mother India”. With the help of education, women find the right path to develop their lives. Education helps them to appreciate the value of an independent life. Education also helps women to access all the benefits of a democratic society. Education can develop women's latent potential, develop their personality and take them to the peak of development through self-recognition. Education also plays a role in enhancing the socio-cultural status of women. Human society requires various legal systems to live civilly. Women can also be educated about this only through the education system. In other words, education is an essential tool in the empowerment of women.
Various measures have been taken in educational institutions for empowerment of women -
1. 1. In addition to universal primary education , Guidance Cells should be established in educational institutions to encourage women to pursue higher education .
2. The curriculum should include various subjects that can attract the attention of women. Students should be allowed to study works on the lives and social contributions of great women of the world.
