Chapter 18 

                                                     ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸


1. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨Ž ā¨•ਿੱā¨Ĩੇ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ā¨Ļੋਂ ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨† ā¨¸ੀ, ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ŧā¨šā¨Ēā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨¸਼ੇā¨¸਼ā¨¤ਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨Ž 1469 ā¨ˆ. ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¤ā¨˛ā¨ĩੰā¨Ąੀ (ā¨šੁā¨Ŗ ā¨¨ੰā¨¨ਾ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ, ā¨Ēਾā¨•ਿā¨¸ā¨¤ਾā¨¨) ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨†। ā¨Ŧā¨šā¨Ēā¨¨ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨šੀ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨­ā¨—ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˛ੀā¨¨ ā¨¸ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĒāŠœ੍ā¨šਾā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ਾā¨°ਿā¨• ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨˛ā¨šā¨¸ā¨Ēੀ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨¸ੀ।

2. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨•ā¨Ļੋਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š 14 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ŧā¨Ÿਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨ĩਾā¨¸ੀ ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੂā¨˛ ā¨šੰā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨§ੀ ā¨Ŧੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¸ੁā¨˛ੱā¨–ā¨Ŗੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨†।

3. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ēੁੱā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨Ž ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨Ž ā¨Ŧਾā¨°ੇ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨“।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ēੁੱā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨Ž ā¨¸਼੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨šੰā¨Ļ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨˛ੱā¨–ā¨Žੀ ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨šā¨¨।

4. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸ੁā¨˛ā¨¤ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੇ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ļੋā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨–ਾਂ ā¨˛ੋā¨§ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੋā¨Ļੀ ā¨–ਾā¨¨ੇ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¨ੌā¨•ā¨°ੀ ā¨Žਿā¨˛ੀ। ā¨šā¨°ā¨°ੋā¨œ਼ ā¨¸ā¨ĩੇā¨°ੇ ā¨‡ā¨¸਼ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ļੋā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ੁā¨Ÿੀā¨¨ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗੀ।

5. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¤ਿੰā¨¨ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¤ੱā¨• ā¨Ŧੇā¨ˆਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ā¨˛ੋā¨Ē ā¨šੋā¨Ŗ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—ਿā¨†ā¨¨ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ēā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¸ੰā¨— ā¨Ŧਾā¨°ੇ ā¨Ļੱā¨¸ੋ।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ŧੇā¨ˆਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨‡ā¨¸਼ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ā¨Žੇਂ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨¤ਿੰā¨¨ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨˛ੋā¨Ē ā¨°ā¨šੇ। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨Ļੌā¨°ਾā¨¨ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨†ā¨¤ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨—ਿā¨†ā¨¨ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¸ਿੱā¨§ ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ “ā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੋ ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੂ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੋ ā¨Žੁā¨¸ā¨˛ā¨Žਾā¨¨” ā¨Ļਾ ā¨‰ā¨šਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

6. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨¯ਾā¨¤ā¨°ਾā¨ĩਾਂ (ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀā¨†ਂ) ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੀā¨†ਂ ā¨¸ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žā¨•ā¨¸ā¨Ļ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੀ?

  1. ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēā¨šਿā¨˛ੀ ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀ: ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ – ā¨¸ā¨¯ā¨Ļā¨Ēੁā¨°, ā¨¤ਾā¨˛ੂੰā¨Ŧਾ, ā¨•ੁā¨°ੂā¨•ā¨¸਼ੇā¨¤ā¨°, ā¨Ēਾā¨¨ੀā¨Ēā¨¤, ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨Ļੁā¨†ā¨°, ā¨Ŧā¨¨ਾā¨°ā¨¸, ā¨—ā¨¯ਾ, ā¨•ਾā¨Žā¨°ੂā¨Ē, ā¨ĸਾā¨•ਾ, ā¨œā¨—ā¨¨ā¨¨ਾā¨Ĩā¨Ēੁā¨°ੀ।
  2. ā¨Ļੂā¨œੀ ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀ: ā¨Ēੀā¨° ā¨Ŧੁੱā¨ĸā¨Ŗ ā¨¸਼ਾā¨š, ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ā¨¸ā¨°, ā¨œā¨ĩਾā¨˛ਾā¨œੀ, ā¨¤ਿੱā¨Ŧā¨¤, ā¨¸ੁā¨Žੇā¨° ā¨Ēā¨°ā¨Ŧā¨¤, ā¨Žā¨Ÿā¨¨, ā¨šā¨¸ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨Ŧā¨Ļਾā¨˛।
  3. ā¨¤ੀā¨œੀ ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀ: ā¨Žੱā¨•ਾ, ā¨Žā¨Ļੀā¨¨ਾ, ā¨Ŧā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨Ļ।
  4. ā¨‰ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼: ā¨­ā¨Ÿā¨•ੀ ā¨šੋā¨ˆ ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨–ā¨¤ਾ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ā¨šੀ ā¨Žਾā¨°ā¨— ā¨Ļਿā¨–ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ।

7. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਿā¨†ā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨°ਿā¨¤ ā¨¸ੂā¨šੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨“।

  • ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨šੈ।
  • ā¨Ēā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨¨ਿā¨°ā¨—ੁā¨Ŗ ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ā¨—ੁā¨Ŗ ā¨šੈ।
  • ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨ĩ-ā¨¸਼ā¨•ā¨¤ੀā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨ĩ-ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨Ēā¨•।
  • ā¨¨ਿā¨°ੰā¨•ਾā¨°।
  • ā¨Ļਿā¨†ā¨˛ੂ।
  • ā¨šā¨‰ā¨Žੈ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¤ਿā¨†ā¨—।
  • ā¨¨ਾā¨Ž ā¨Ļਾ ā¨œਾā¨Ē।
  • ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žā¨šੱā¨¤ā¨ĩ।
  • ā¨­ā¨°ਾā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨­ਾā¨ĩ।
  • ā¨¸ā¨Ļਾā¨šਾā¨° ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ੇ ā¨œ਼ੋā¨°।
  • ā¨œਾā¨¤-ā¨Ēਾā¨¤ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨–ੰā¨Ąā¨¨।
  • ā¨–ੋā¨–ā¨˛ੇ ā¨°ੀā¨¤ੀ-ā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨–ੰā¨Ąā¨¨।

8. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¤ਾā¨°ā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੇ ā¨†ā¨–ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੇ ā¨†ā¨–ā¨°ੀ 18 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¤ਾā¨°ā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ŧā¨¤ੀā¨¤ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ। 1539 ā¨ˆ. ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨œੋā¨¤ੀ-ā¨œੋā¨¤ਿ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ēā¨šਿā¨˛ਾਂ, ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨˛ā¨šਿā¨Ŗਾ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗਾ ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°ਾā¨§ਿā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ĩਾā¨Ēਿā¨†।

9. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ੰā¨—ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ਾ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ੰā¨—ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨Žੁā¨–ੀ ā¨˛ਿā¨Ēੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਿā¨¯ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‡ā¨†, ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨‡ā¨•ੱā¨ ੀ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ, ā¨¸ੰā¨—ā¨¤ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēੰā¨—ā¨¤ ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨…ā¨˛ੱā¨— ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

10. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨Žā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨Žā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨—ੋā¨‡ੰā¨Ļā¨ĩਾā¨˛ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¨ā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨¤ੀā¨°ā¨Ĩ ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨¨ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ਾ, ā¨˛ੰā¨—ā¨° ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨¸ā¨¤ਾā¨° ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ, ā¨–ੋā¨–ā¨˛ੇ ā¨°ੀā¨¤ੀ-ā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨°ੋā¨§ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ੀ ā¨Žā¨¤ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨–ੰā¨Ąā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

11. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨°ਾā¨Žā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ 679 ā¨¸਼ā¨Ŧā¨Ļਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨šੱā¨¤ā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ļੱā¨¸ੋ।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨°ਾā¨Žā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨˛ā¨ˆ 679 ā¨¸਼ā¨Ŧā¨Ļਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ā¨šā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ, ā¨˛ਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ļੁā¨†ā¨°ਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨Žā¨°ā¨¯ਾā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸਼ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ, ā¨¸ੰā¨—ā¨¤-ā¨Ēੰā¨—ā¨¤-ā¨Žੰā¨œੀ ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨œਾā¨°ੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ੀā¨†ਂ, ā¨œਾā¨¤ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ, ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ŧਾā¨˛ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨°ੋā¨§ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

12. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੀā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩੱā¨Ąੀā¨†ਂ ā¨‡ā¨Žਾā¨°ā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—੍ā¨°ੰā¨Ĩ ā¨¸ੰā¨•ā¨˛ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨Žੰā¨Ļā¨° ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ, ā¨¤ā¨°ā¨¨ā¨¤ਾā¨°ā¨¨, ā¨šā¨°ā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļā¨Ēੁā¨°, ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¤ਾā¨°ā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨¨ā¨—ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨Ēā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨Ļਿ ā¨—੍ā¨°ੰā¨Ĩ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸ੰā¨•ā¨˛ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

13. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸਼ā¨šੀā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨šੋā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨œā¨šਾਂā¨—ੀā¨° ā¨¨ੇ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨ĩਿā¨Ļā¨°ੋā¨šੀ ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨•ੁā¨Žਾā¨° ā¨–ੁā¨¸ā¨°ੇ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ļੋā¨¸਼ ā¨˛ā¨—ਾā¨‡ā¨†। ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨œੁā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¨ਾ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ 30 ā¨Žā¨ˆ, 1606 ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨˛ਾā¨šੌā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¤ā¨¸ੀā¨šੇ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šੀā¨Ļ ā¨šੋ ā¨—ā¨।

14. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Žੀā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ēੀā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ੰā¨•ā¨˛ā¨Ē ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨˛ਾā¨—ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Žੀā¨°ੀ ā¨¤ā¨˛ā¨ĩਾā¨° (ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ਾā¨°ਿā¨• ā¨¸ੱā¨¤ਾ) ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēੀā¨°ੀ ā¨¤ā¨˛ā¨ĩਾā¨° (ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨…ā¨—ā¨ĩਾā¨ˆ) ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨¸ੰā¨¤-ā¨¸ਿā¨Ēਾā¨šੀ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗੇ।

15. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨°ਾā¨ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨°ਾā¨ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨šਾā¨° ā¨•ੇਂā¨Ļā¨° ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ, ā¨¸ੰā¨—ā¨¤-ā¨Ēੰā¨—ā¨¤ ā¨Žā¨°ā¨¯ਾā¨Ļਾ ā¨œਾā¨°ੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ 6 ā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੂā¨Ŧā¨°, 1661 ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨œੋā¨¤ੀ-ā¨œੋā¨¤ਿ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾ ā¨—ā¨।

16. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ŧਾā¨˛ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨•੍ā¨°ਿā¨¸਼ā¨¨ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ŧਾā¨°ੇ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨“।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨•੍ā¨°ਿā¨¸਼ā¨¨ ā¨œੀ 5 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗੇ। ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨ĩੀ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂā¨ĩā¨¤ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¤ੱā¨Ŧਾਂ ā¨ŦāŠœੀ ā¨¸ੂā¨-ā¨Ŧੂā¨ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ēੂā¨°ੇ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ। 30 ā¨Žਾā¨°ā¨š, 1664 ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨œੋā¨¤ੀ-ā¨œੋā¨¤ਿ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾ ā¨—ā¨।

17. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¤ੇā¨— ā¨Ŧā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨° ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸਼ā¨šੀā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨šੋā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੂ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ 11 ā¨¨ā¨ĩੰā¨Ŧā¨°, 1675 ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨˛ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Ŧā¨˛ੀā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ਾ। ā¨‰ā¨¸ ā¨¸ā¨Žੇਂ ā¨Žੁā¨—ā¨˛ ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ļā¨¸਼ਾā¨š ā¨”ā¨°ੰā¨—ā¨œ਼ੇā¨Ŧ ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੂ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨‡ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨Ž ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸਼ਾā¨Žਿā¨˛ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ ā¨šਾā¨šੁੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸ੀ।

18. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਿੰā¨˜ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨Ž ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨—ੱā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ŧਾā¨°ੇ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨“।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਿੰā¨˜ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨Ž 22 ā¨Ļā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧā¨°, 1666 ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ēā¨Ÿā¨¨ਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨†। 9 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨—ੱā¨Ļੀ 'ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ŧੈā¨ ੇ।

19. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ਾā¨œā¨Ŗਾ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨šੋā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: 1699 ā¨ĩੈā¨¸ਾā¨–ੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨†ā¨¨ੰā¨Ļā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨Ēਿā¨†ā¨°ੇ ā¨šੁā¨Ŗੇ, ā¨Ēā¨šਿā¨˛ਾਂ ā¨‰ā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨…ੰā¨Ž੍ā¨°ਿā¨¤ ā¨›ā¨•ਾā¨‡ā¨† ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ŧਾā¨…ā¨Ļ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨†ā¨Ē ā¨›ā¨•ਾā¨‡ā¨†।

20. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ā¨Žਾਂ ā¨Ŧਾā¨°ੇ ā¨Ļੱā¨¸ੋ।

  • ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨–ੰā¨Ąੇ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ēਾā¨šੁā¨˛ ā¨˛ੈā¨Ŗਾ ā¨œ਼ā¨°ੂā¨°ੀ।
  • ā¨Ēੁā¨°ā¨¸਼ 'ā¨¸ਿੰā¨˜', ā¨‡ā¨¸ā¨¤ā¨°ੀ 'ā¨•ੌā¨°'।
  • ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨Ēā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨­ā¨—ā¨¤ੀ।
  • ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨•ā¨•ਾā¨° (ā¨•ੇā¨¸, ā¨•ੰā¨˜ਾ, ā¨•āŠœਾ, ā¨•ੱā¨›ਾ, ā¨•ਿā¨°ā¨Ēਾā¨¨) ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Ŗ।
  • ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨¯ੁੱā¨§ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¤ਿā¨†ā¨°।
  • ā¨¸ā¨ĩੇā¨°ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ēਾā¨ ।
  • ā¨¨ā¨¸਼ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ŧā¨šਾā¨…।
  • ā¨Ļā¨¸ā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨šਿੱā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ļਾā¨¨।
  • ā¨œਾā¨¤-ā¨Ēਾā¨¤ ā¨–ੰā¨Ąā¨¨।
  • ā¨‰ੱā¨š ā¨¨ੈā¨¤ਿā¨•ā¨¤ਾ।

21. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਿੰā¨˜ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨¸ਾā¨œਿā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Žੁā¨—ā¨˛ ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ļā¨¸਼ਾā¨š ā¨”ā¨°ੰā¨—ā¨œ਼ੇā¨Ŧ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¤ਿā¨†ā¨šਾā¨°ਾਂ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨, ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨šਾā¨° ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨¨ੀā¨¤ਿā¨• ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨¤ੌā¨° ‘ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨•ā¨¤ੀā¨¸਼ਾā¨˛ੀ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ 1699 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨¸ਾā¨œਿā¨†।

22. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨Ēਿā¨†ā¨°ੇ ā¨•ੌā¨Ŗ ā¨¸ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨—ā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨Ēਿā¨†ā¨°ੇ ā¨¸ā¨¨: ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨Ļā¨‡ā¨† ā¨°ਾā¨Ž, ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļਾā¨¸, ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨Žੋā¨šā¨•ā¨Ž ā¨šੰā¨Ļ, ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨šੰā¨Ļ, ā¨­ਾā¨ˆ ā¨šਿੰā¨Žā¨¤ ā¨°ਾā¨। ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨‰ā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨†ā¨¨ੰā¨Ļā¨Ēੁā¨° ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨ĩੈā¨¸ਾā¨–ੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨šੰā¨Ą ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨—ā¨Ž ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨šੁā¨Ŗਿā¨† ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ੰā¨Ž੍ā¨°ਿā¨¤ (ā¨Ēਾā¨šੁā¨˛) ā¨›ā¨•ਾā¨‡ā¨†।

23. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨•ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨šੱā¨¤ā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ļੱā¨¸ੋ।

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨•ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨šā¨¨: ā¨•ੇā¨¸ (ā¨•ੇā¨¸ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ੁā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨†), ā¨•ੰā¨˜ਾ (ā¨¸ā¨Ģਾā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ੁā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾ), ā¨•āŠœਾ (ā¨¨ੈā¨¤ਿā¨• ā¨Ŧਾਂā¨§ā¨Ŗ), ā¨•ੱā¨›ਾ (ā¨¸ā¨Ģਾā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¤ਿā¨†ā¨°ੀ), ā¨•ਿā¨°ā¨Ēਾā¨¨ (ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨†)। ā¨‡ā¨š ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ēā¨›ਾā¨Ŗ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ā¨§ਿā¨†ā¨¤ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨Ŧā¨˛ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨¸਼ਾā¨¨ ā¨šā¨¨।

24. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨–ਾā¨˛ā¨¸ਾ ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨°ਾਂ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¸ā¨ĩੇā¨°ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ēਾā¨  ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ļā¨¸ā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨šਿੱā¨¸ਾ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨œ਼ā¨°ੂā¨°ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ā¨ĩੇā¨°ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ēਾā¨  ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨†ā¨¤ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨¸਼ਾਂā¨¤ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨¤ਾā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨Žਿā¨˛ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ। ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ļā¨¸ā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨šਿੱā¨¸ਾ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨œਿā¨• ā¨¸ੇā¨ĩਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēਾā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨ĩā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗੀ ā¨°ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

25. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨¨ਾā¨¨ā¨• ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ “ā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੋ ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੂ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੋ ā¨Žੁā¨¸ā¨˛ā¨Žਾā¨¨” ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ੀ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨Ĩ ā¨Ļੱā¨¸ਿā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨‡ā¨š ā¨…ā¨°ā¨Ĩ ā¨šੈ ā¨•ਿ ā¨Ēā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨¸ā¨­ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨–ā¨¤ਾ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž-ā¨ĩਾā¨Ļੀ ā¨¤ā¨•āŠœੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ŧੰā¨¨੍ā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ŧā¨šਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ। ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨‡ੱā¨•ੋ ā¨šੀ ā¨†ā¨¤ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨¸਼ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ŧā¨°ਾā¨Ŧā¨° ā¨šā¨¨।

26. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ੰā¨—ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨°ā¨Žੁā¨–ੀ ā¨˛ਿā¨Ēੀ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਿā¨¯ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ੰā¨—ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨˛ੇā¨–ā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨‡ā¨•ā¨°ੂā¨Ē ā¨˛ਿā¨Ēੀ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ੀ, ā¨œੋ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ēਾā¨  ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨šਾā¨° ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨œ਼ā¨°ੂā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ੀ।

27. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨Žā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨˛ੰā¨—ā¨° ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨¸ā¨¤ਾā¨° ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨Žā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨—ā¨¤ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨‡ā¨•ੱā¨ ਾ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ, ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨œਿā¨• ā¨Ŧā¨°ਾā¨Ŧā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨–ਾā¨ˆ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨šā¨° ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨– ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨˛ੰā¨—ā¨° (ā¨¸ਾā¨°ā¨Ĩā¨• ā¨­ੋā¨œā¨¨) ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

28. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨°ਾā¨Žā¨Ļਾā¨¸ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨˛ਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ļੁā¨†ā¨°ਾ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨Žā¨°ā¨¯ਾā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨¸਼ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨‡ā¨š ā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨œ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨•ā¨¤ਾ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸਼ਾā¨Žਿā¨˛ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੂ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļੇ ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨‡ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨š ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ੰā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ļਿā¨–ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¸਼ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

29. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸੍ā¨°ੀ ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ļੇā¨ĩ ā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šੀā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨­ਾā¨ĩ ā¨Ēਾā¨‡ā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁā¨—ā¨˛ ā¨Ŧਾā¨Ļā¨¸਼ਾā¨š ā¨œā¨šਾਂā¨—ੀā¨° ā¨¨ੇ ā¨‰ā¨¨੍ā¨šਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ģā¨¸ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ļੋ ā¨˛ੱā¨– ā¨°ੁā¨Ēā¨ ā¨œੁā¨°ā¨Žਾā¨¨ਾ ā¨˛ā¨—ਾā¨‡ā¨†। ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨œੀ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨‡ā¨¨ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ 1606 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸਼ā¨šੀā¨Ļ ā¨šੋā¨। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨– ā¨Ēੰā¨Ĩ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨¤ਾā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨˜ā¨°ā¨¸਼ā¨• ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ।

30. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¸ਾā¨šਿā¨Ŧ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ “ā¨¸ੰā¨¤-ā¨¸ਿā¨Ēਾā¨šੀ” ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‡ā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ੁā¨°ੂ ā¨šā¨°ਿā¨—ੋā¨Ŧਿੰā¨Ļ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨Žੀā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ēੀā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¨ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨˛ਾā¨—ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ, ā¨šā¨Ĩਿā¨†ā¨° ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨§ā¨°ā¨Ž ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ੱā¨¤ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¯ੁੱā¨§ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¤ਿā¨†ā¨° ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ।

Answer by Mrinmoee