Chapter 23 

                                                           ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨°


1.ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¤ਿੰā¨¨ ā¨…ੰā¨— ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¤ਿੰā¨¨ ā¨…ੰā¨— ā¨šā¨¨: ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ, ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨†ਂā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ। ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨•ਾā¨¨ੂੰā¨¨ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ, ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨‰ā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨•ਾā¨¨ੂੰā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨˛ਾā¨—ੂ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨†ਂā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨•ਾā¨¨ੂੰā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨˛ੰā¨˜ā¨Ŗਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ā¨œ਼ਾ ā¨Ļਿੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

2.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žੁā¨–ੀ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨•ੈā¨Ŧā¨¨ਿā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ੁā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨— ā¨ĩੰā¨Ąā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ģ਼ੈā¨¸ā¨˛ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨š ā¨Ļਿੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žā¨šੱā¨¤ā¨ĩā¨Ēੂā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ģ਼ੈā¨¸ā¨˛ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨° ā¨‡ā¨•ੱā¨ ੇ ā¨œ਼ਿੰā¨Žੇā¨ĩਾā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

3.ā¨•ੈā¨Ŧā¨¨ਿā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ, ā¨°ਾā¨œ-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨Ģ਼ā¨°ā¨• ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨•ੈā¨Ŧā¨¨ਿā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Žੰā¨Ąā¨˛ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žā¨šੱā¨¤ā¨ĩā¨Ēੂā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ģ਼ੈā¨¸ā¨˛ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨°ਾā¨œ-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨•ੈā¨Ŧā¨¨ਿā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

4.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Ģ਼ā¨°ā¨œ਼ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨•ੈā¨Ŧā¨¨ਿā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੀā¨Ÿਿੰā¨—ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨—ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ਾਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩੰā¨Ą ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ੁā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨š ā¨Ļਿੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ੇਂā¨Ļā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

5.ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨šਾā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ਾ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗਾ ā¨Ēੈਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨œੇ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨°ੁੱā¨§ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨…ā¨ĩਿā¨¸਼ā¨ĩਾā¨¸਼ ā¨Žā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ēਾā¨¸ ā¨•ā¨°ੇ ā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ਾ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗਾ ā¨Ēੈਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨ĩੀ ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ਾ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ļਿੱā¨¤ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

6.ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨— ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨œā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨§ਿā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ŧੰā¨§ā¨•ੀ ā¨Žਾā¨Žā¨˛ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¨ੀā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨š ā¨Ļਿੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨°, ā¨…ā¨§ੀā¨¨ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨°, ā¨Ąਾā¨‡ā¨°ੈā¨•ā¨Ÿā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨Ąਾā¨‡ā¨°ੈā¨•ā¨Ÿā¨° ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

7.ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¤ੇā¨œ਼ ā¨°ā¨Ģ਼ā¨¤ਾā¨°, ā¨˛ੇā¨¨ ā¨Ŧā¨Ļā¨˛ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨¸ਿā¨—ā¨¨ā¨˛ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨Ŧੇā¨§ਿā¨†ā¨¨ੀ, ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨˛ੱā¨Ļā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨°ਾā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ā¨Žੇਂ ā¨¸ā¨Ēੱā¨¸਼ā¨Ÿ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨¸਼ā¨°ਾā¨Ŧ ā¨Ēੀ ā¨•ੇ ā¨šā¨˛ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ŧੱā¨šੇ ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ ā¨šā¨˛ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨—ā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨…ੱā¨—ੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨•ā¨˛ā¨Ŗਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ā¨Žਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨˛ੰā¨˜ā¨Ŗਾ।

8.ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ੇ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗ ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨—ā¨°ਿā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨œ਼ਿੰā¨Žੇā¨ĩਾā¨°ੀ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ੇ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨œ਼ā¨–ā¨Žੀ ā¨šੋā¨ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ੀ, ā¨Ąਾā¨•ā¨Ÿā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ļਿੰā¨¨ੀ, ā¨¨ੇāŠœੇ ā¨šā¨¸ā¨Ēā¨¤ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ēā¨šੁੰā¨šਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨Ēੁā¨˛ਿā¨¸ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨­ੀāŠœ ā¨‡ā¨•ੱā¨ ੀ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗੀ।

9.ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ ā¨¸ੁā¨§ਾā¨° ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨‰ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ-ā¨šੀā¨Ŗ ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੇ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ਾā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨˛ā¨•ੀā¨…ā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀā¨¨ ā¨¸ੁā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ੀ, ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨¨ā¨¤ਾ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¸ā¨ĩੈ-ā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Žੁā¨šੱā¨ˆā¨† ā¨•ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ।

10.  1950 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¯ੂ.ā¨Ēੀ. ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ ā¨¸ੁā¨§ਾā¨° ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨—ਿā¨†?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩਿā¨šੋā¨˛ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨–਼ਾā¨¤ā¨Žਾ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨—ਿā¨† ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨œ਼ਿੰā¨Žੀā¨Ļਾā¨°ੀ ā¨–਼ā¨¤ā¨Ž ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨•ਾā¨¨ੂੰā¨¨ ā¨˛ਾā¨—ੂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨—ਿā¨†। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ 20 ā¨Žਿā¨˛ੀā¨…ā¨¨ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ਾā¨¨ ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žਾā¨˛ā¨• ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗੇ।

11.1961-62 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੱā¨Ļā¨Ŧੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨—ā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨˛ā¨•ੀā¨…ā¨¤ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ੀ ā¨šੱā¨Ļā¨Ŧੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ। ā¨šੱā¨Ļਾਂ ā¨°ਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ģā¨¸ā¨˛ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ā¨Ž ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀā¨–ਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨¸ਾā¨° ā¨ĩੱā¨–-ā¨ĩੱā¨– ā¨¨ਿā¨°ā¨§ਾā¨°ਿā¨¤ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨—ā¨ˆā¨†ਂ।

12.ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨š ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀā¨†ਂ ā¨¸਼ā¨•ā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨¤ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žੁā¨–ੀ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œā¨Ēਾā¨˛ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¨ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ŧੰā¨§ā¨•ੀ ā¨Žਾā¨Žā¨˛ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨š-ā¨Žā¨¸਼ā¨ĩā¨°ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

13.ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ੁā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨¸ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨šā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨†ā¨Ž ā¨¤ੌā¨° ‘ā¨¤ੇ ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¸਼ਾā¨¸ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੇā¨ĩਾā¨ĩਾਂ (IAS) ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ੁā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨— ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨šā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

14.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ļੇā¨–ā¨­ਾā¨˛ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ŧੰā¨§ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

15.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨ĩੰā¨Ąā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨˛ੋāŠœ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨—ੁā¨œ਼ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨§ਾā¨° ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩੰā¨Ą ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ē-ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ੁā¨•ā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

16.ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ਾ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨šਾā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˛ਾā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨œੇ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ੇ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨°ੁੱā¨§ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨…ā¨ĩਿā¨¸਼ā¨ĩਾā¨¸਼ ā¨Žā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ēਾā¨¸ ā¨•ā¨°ੇ ā¨œਾਂ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨Ģ਼ਾ ā¨Ļੇ।

17.ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ੇ ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨šੋ ā¨¸ā¨•ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨œਾਂ ā¨Ļੋ ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨šੋ ā¨¸ā¨•ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨‡ā¨•-ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ļੋ ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ļੋ-ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ੀ ā¨•ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

18.ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨°ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ਿā¨šਾ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨°ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ MLA (ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨° ā¨†ā¨Ģ਼ ā¨˛ੇā¨œਿā¨¸ā¨˛ੇā¨Ÿਿā¨ĩ ā¨…ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧā¨˛ੀ) ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੀā¨¸਼ā¨Ļ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨°ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ MLC (ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨° ā¨†ā¨Ģ਼ ā¨˛ੇā¨œਿā¨¸ā¨˛ੇā¨Ÿਿā¨ĩ ā¨•ੌਂā¨¸ā¨˛) ā¨•ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

19.ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ŧā¨šā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¨ਾā¨—ā¨°ਿā¨• ā¨•ੀ ā¨•ā¨° ā¨¸ā¨•ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ā¨Ēੀā¨Ą ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ēਾā¨Ŧੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ, ā¨¸ਿā¨—ā¨¨ā¨˛ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨šੈā¨˛ā¨Žੈā¨Ÿ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ੀā¨Ÿ ā¨Ŧੈā¨˛ā¨Ÿ ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨¤ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ā¨Ŗā¨œਾā¨Ŗ ā¨°ā¨¸ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ŧā¨šā¨Ŗਾ।

20.ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ੇ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨œ਼ā¨–ā¨Žੀ ā¨šੋā¨ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨œ਼ā¨–ā¨Žੀ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨¤ੁā¨°ੰā¨¤ ā¨šā¨¸ā¨Ēā¨¤ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ēā¨šੁੰā¨šਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨Ąਾā¨•ā¨Ÿā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨šਾā¨‡ā¨¤ਾ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ੀ, ā¨šੌਂā¨¸ā¨˛ਾ ā¨Ļੇā¨Ŗਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēੁā¨˛ਿā¨¸ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨Ļ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ੀ।

21.ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨˜ੀ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨° ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š 29 ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ 7 ā¨¸ੰā¨˜ੀ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨° ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨Ļਿੱā¨˛ੀ ā¨¨ੈā¨¸਼ā¨¨ā¨˛ ā¨•ੈā¨Ēੀā¨Ÿā¨˛ ā¨Ÿੈā¨°ੀā¨Ÿā¨°ੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨œੋ ā¨¸ੰā¨˜ੀ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨° ā¨šੈ।

22.ā¨Ļਿੱā¨˛ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ļਿੱā¨˛ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ਾā¨¨ੂੰā¨¨ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ੇਂā¨Ļā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨°ੱā¨–ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

23.ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ŧੱā¨šਿā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨­ੂā¨Žਿā¨•ਾ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: 18 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੇ ā¨Ŧੱā¨šੇ ā¨Ŧਿā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨˛ਾā¨‡ā¨¸ੈਂā¨¸ ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ ā¨šā¨˛ਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ੇ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

24.ā¨ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨Ÿੇā¨•ਿੰā¨— ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ੀ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨Ĩ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—ā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨…ੱā¨—ੇ ā¨¨ਿā¨•ā¨˛ā¨Ŗਾ। ā¨‡ā¨š ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ÿā¨•ā¨°ਾ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗ ā¨¸ā¨•ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

25.ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨šਾā¨Ļā¨¸ਿā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨šੋā¨° ā¨ĩā¨œ੍ā¨šਾਾਂ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ ā¨šਾā¨˛ā¨• ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Ŧੇā¨§ਿā¨†ā¨¨ੀ, ā¨ĩਾā¨šā¨¨ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨˛ੱā¨Ļā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨°ਾā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ā¨Žੇਂ ā¨¸ā¨Ēੱā¨¸਼ā¨Ÿ ā¨¨ਾ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗਾ, ā¨¸਼ā¨°ਾā¨Ŧ ā¨Ēੀ ā¨•ੇ ā¨šā¨˛ਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸āŠœā¨• ā¨¨ਿā¨¯ā¨Žਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨˛ੰā¨˜ā¨Ŗਾ।

26.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ੇ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨•ੇਂā¨Ļā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀ ā¨•ੇਂā¨Ļā¨°ੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨Žੀā¨Ÿਿੰā¨—ਾਂ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨•ੇ, ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨œ਼ā¨°ੂā¨°ā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨Ēੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨•ੇ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ā¨Žā¨ੌā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨•ੇ ā¨¸ੰā¨Ŧੰā¨§ ā¨Ŧā¨ĸਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

27.ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨ā¨Ēਾā¨˛ਿā¨•ਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ŧਿā¨˛ ā¨Ēੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨•ਿā¨°ਿā¨† ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ŧਿā¨˛ ā¨šੇā¨ ā¨˛ੇ ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ēੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ਾ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨Ŧਾā¨…ā¨Ļ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ੇā¨¸਼ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ļੋā¨šਾਂ ā¨¸ā¨Ļā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿā¨š ā¨ĩਿā¨šਾā¨° ā¨•ā¨°ā¨•ੇ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨¨ā¨—ੀ ā¨Žਿā¨˛ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

28.ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨Ģ਼ā¨°ā¨• ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨¸ਾā¨°ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ļੇā¨–ā¨­ਾā¨˛ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨—ੀ ā¨¸ā¨•ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨¸ਿā¨°ā¨Ģ ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨­ਾā¨— ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ŧੰā¨§ā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¨ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨¸ā¨˛ਾā¨šā¨•ਾā¨° ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

29.ā¨­ੂā¨Žੀ ā¨¸ੁā¨§ਾā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨¸ਾā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ā¨šੂā¨˛ā¨¤ ā¨Žਿā¨˛ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੇ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ਾā¨¨ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žā¨˛ā¨•ੀā¨…ā¨¤, ā¨œ਼ā¨Žੀā¨¨ ā¨¸ੁā¨°ੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¸ā¨ĩੈ-ā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨šੋā¨‡ā¨†।

30.ā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨¨-ā¨¸ā¨­ਾ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੈਂā¨Ŧā¨°ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨Žā¨° ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨šੋā¨Ŗੀ ā¨šਾā¨šੀā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿੋ-ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ 25 ā¨¸ਾā¨˛।

Answer by Mrinmoee