Chapter 9 

                                           ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨¸ਾā¨šā¨Žā¨Ŗੇ ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨šੁā¨Ŗੌā¨¤ੀ


1. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ēā¨°ਿā¨­ਾā¨¸਼ਾ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਿā¨¤ੀ ā¨šੈ, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀ ā¨œ਼ਿੰā¨Ļā¨—ੀ ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿੋ-ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨Žੁੱā¨ĸā¨˛ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨˛ੋāŠœਾਂ ā¨œਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨°ੋā¨Ÿੀ, ā¨•ੱā¨ĒāŠœਾ, ā¨Žā¨•ਾā¨¨, ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਿā¨šā¨¤ ā¨¸ੁā¨ĩਿā¨§ਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨Žā¨°ੱā¨Ĩ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਿā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨– ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀ ā¨œੀā¨ĩā¨¨ ā¨¯ਾā¨Ēā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨Ŧā¨šੁā¨¤ ā¨¸ੰā¨˜ā¨°ā¨¸਼ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ ā¨Ēੈਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

2. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸ਾā¨Ēੇā¨– ā¨Žਾā¨Ēā¨Ļੰā¨Ą ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ਾā¨Ēੇā¨– ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨¸ੇ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨° ā¨œਾਂ ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਿā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¤ੁā¨˛ā¨¨ਾ ā¨•ੀā¨¤ੀ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨­ਾā¨ĩ ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨°ਾā¨¸਼ā¨Ÿā¨°ੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨ĩੱā¨–-ā¨ĩੱā¨– ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨ĩੰā¨Ą ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

3. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¨ਿā¨°ā¨Ēੇā¨– ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¨ਿā¨°ā¨Ēੇā¨– ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ੇ ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨¸ā¨Ĩਿā¨¤ੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨§ਿā¨†ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨°ੱā¨–ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šੋā¨ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨­ੋā¨— ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨Žਾā¨Ēā¨Ŗ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨§ੀ ā¨šੈ। ā¨œੇā¨•ā¨° ā¨‡ੱā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨°ੋā¨œ਼ਾā¨¨ਾ 2100-2400 ā¨•ੈā¨˛ā¨°ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨­ੋā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨¨ਿā¨°ā¨Ēੇā¨– ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ਿā¨† ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

4. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ੀ ā¨Ģā¨°ā¨• ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀā¨ŦਾāŠœੀ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨Ēਿੰā¨Ąਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨°ā¨šਿā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨­ੋā¨— ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ļā¨°ā¨¸ਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ। ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨°ā¨šਿā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨Žā¨°ੱā¨Ĩā¨¤ਾ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ļā¨°ā¨¸ਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ। ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ੋਂ ā¨¤ੇā¨œ਼ ā¨—ā¨¤ੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨°ā¨šੀ ā¨šੈ।

5. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¸ੰā¨–ਿā¨† 2011-12 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨ĩੇā¨–ā¨Ŗ 2011-12 ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨¸ਾā¨°, ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˛ā¨—ā¨­ā¨— 276 ā¨Žਿā¨˛ੀā¨…ā¨¨ (27 ā¨•ā¨°ੋāŠœ) ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨°ā¨šਿੰā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

6. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨šā¨¨:

  • ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨§ੀā¨Žੀ ā¨Ļā¨°
  • ā¨­ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨¸ੰā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨Ļā¨Ŧਾā¨…
  • ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨Ĩ-ā¨ĩਿā¨ĩā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨Ēਿā¨›āŠœਾā¨Ēā¨¨
  • ā¨Ŧੇā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨°ੀ
  • ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨‰ā¨¤ā¨Ēਾā¨Ļā¨¨
  • ā¨ĩā¨§ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨•ੀā¨Žā¨¤ਾਂ
  • ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨œਿā¨•, ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ā¨•੍ā¨°ਿā¨¤ā¨• ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨• ā¨œਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨…ā¨¨ā¨ĒāŠœ੍ā¨šā¨¤ਾ, ā¨ĩੱā¨Ąੇ ā¨Ēā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨°, ā¨œਾā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨œ਼

7. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žਾā¨Ēā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੇ ā¨¸ੂā¨šā¨• ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨¤ੇ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Žਾā¨Ēā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨°, ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨­ੋā¨— ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨œਿā¨• ā¨¸ੂā¨šā¨• ā¨œਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨…ā¨¨ā¨ĒāŠœ੍ā¨šā¨¤ਾ, ā¨¸ਿā¨šā¨¤ ā¨¸ੇā¨ĩਾā¨ĩਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ā¨Žੀ, ā¨°ੋā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨ĩā¨¸ā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ēੀā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛਼ੇ ā¨¸ਾā¨Ģ਼ ā¨Ēਾā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨˛ā¨Ŧā¨§ā¨¤ਾ ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨¤ੇ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

8. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨°ੇā¨–ਾ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨°ੇā¨–ਾ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿੋ-ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨œਾਂ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨­ੋā¨— ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨šੈ, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨– ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨˛ੋāŠœਾਂ ā¨œਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨­ੋā¨œā¨¨, ā¨•ੱā¨ĒāŠœਾ, ā¨Žā¨•ਾā¨¨, ā¨¸ਿā¨šā¨¤ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨Ēੂā¨°ੀ ā¨•ā¨° ā¨¸ā¨•ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ। ā¨‡ā¨¸ ā¨°ੇā¨–ਾ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨Ĩੱā¨˛ੇ ā¨°ā¨šਿā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ੇ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

9. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨­ੋā¨œā¨¨ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨•ੈā¨˛ā¨°ੀ ā¨˛ੋāŠœ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ 2400 ā¨•ੈā¨˛ā¨°ੀ ā¨˛ੋāŠœੀਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨—ā¨ˆ ā¨šੈ।

10. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨­ੋā¨œā¨¨ ā¨•ੈā¨˛ā¨°ੀ ā¨˛ੋāŠœ ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ 2100 ā¨•ੈā¨˛ā¨°ੀ ā¨˛ੋāŠœੀਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨Žੰā¨¨ੀ ā¨—ā¨ˆ ā¨šੈ।

11. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨Ŧā¨Ļā¨˛ਾā¨… ā¨†ā¨ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ 1993-94 ā¨¤ੋਂ 2011-12 ā¨¤ੱā¨• ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੋā¨šਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˛ā¨—ਾā¨¤ਾā¨° ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨… ā¨†ā¨ˆ ā¨šੈ, ā¨Ēā¨° ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ੋਂ ā¨¤ੇā¨œ਼ ā¨—ā¨¤ੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨°ā¨šੀ।

12. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ੰā¨¤ā¨°-ā¨°ਾā¨œੀ ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨¨ā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ਿā¨‰ਂ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩੱā¨–-ā¨ĩੱā¨– ā¨°ਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨¨ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨ĩੱā¨–-ā¨ĩੱā¨– ā¨¨ੀā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨…ā¨Ēā¨Ŗਾā¨ˆā¨†ਂ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨•ੁā¨ ā¨°ਾā¨œਾਂ ā¨œਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨Ŧਿā¨šਾā¨°, ā¨†ā¨¸ਾā¨Ž, ā¨Žੱā¨§ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼, ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ŧā¨šੁā¨¤ ā¨‰ੱā¨šੀ ā¨šੈ, ā¨œā¨Ļā¨•ਿ ā¨•ੇā¨°ā¨˛, ā¨†ਂā¨§ā¨°ਾ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼, ā¨¤ਾā¨Žਿā¨˛ā¨¨ਾā¨Ąੂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੈ।

13. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—੍ā¨°ਾā¨Ģ 3.1 ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨¸ਾā¨° 2011-12 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Ēਾā¨¤ ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ਾ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: 2011-12 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Ēਾā¨¤ 25.7% ā¨¸ੀ।

14. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: 2011-12 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Ēਾā¨¤ ā¨•ਿੰā¨¨ਾ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: 2011-12 ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Ēਾā¨¤ 13.7% ā¨¸ੀ।

15. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ NSSO ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœਾ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ਾ ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨¤ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: NSSO ā¨šā¨°ੇā¨• ā¨Ēੰā¨œ ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ੈਂā¨Ēā¨˛ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨ĩੇā¨–ā¨Ŗ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨°ੇā¨–ਾ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Žਾā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨­ੋā¨— ā¨Ēੱā¨§ā¨° ā¨Ļੀ ā¨œਾā¨Ŗā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨‡ā¨•ੱā¨ ੀ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

16. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨¸ā¨­ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ ā¨…ā¨¨ੁā¨Ēਾā¨¤ ā¨•ਿā¨¸ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ŧਿā¨šਾā¨° ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨“ā¨Ąੀā¨¸਼ਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨­ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļā¨° ā¨šੈ।

17. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨­ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨°ਾā¨œ ā¨•ਿā¨šāŠœੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨•ੇā¨°ā¨˛, ā¨†ਂā¨§ā¨°ਾ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼, ā¨¤ਾā¨Žਿā¨˛ā¨¨ਾā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—ੁā¨œā¨°ਾā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ā¨­ ā¨¤ੋਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļā¨° ā¨šੈ।

18. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨ĩਿā¨¸਼ā¨ĩ ā¨ĩਿā¨†ā¨Ēੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¸ਿā¨°ā¨Ģ ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¨ā¨šੀਂ ā¨šੈ, ā¨Ēā¨° ā¨ĩਿā¨¸਼ā¨ĩ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ā¨ˆ ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ā¨¸਼ੀā¨˛ ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨ĩੀ ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨†ā¨Ēā¨Ŗੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨˛ੋāŠœਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨Ēੂā¨°ਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨…ā¨¸ā¨Žā¨°ੱā¨Ĩ ā¨šā¨¨।

19. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨šੀā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Ļੱā¨–ā¨Ŗੀ ā¨Ēੂā¨°ā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ā¨¸਼ੀā¨† ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ਾਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੋā¨ˆ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨¤ੇā¨œ਼ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨–ੀ ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ਾā¨§ā¨¨ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¨ਿā¨ĩੇā¨¸਼ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļā¨° ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨–਼ਾā¨¸ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨… ā¨†ā¨ˆ।

20. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨•ੀ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨• ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°:

  • ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਾā¨§ਾ ā¨¤ੇā¨œ਼ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ
  • ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨‰ā¨Ŗ ā¨ĩਾā¨˛ੇ ā¨¸ā¨°ā¨•ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੋā¨—ā¨°ਾā¨Ž

21. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨§ੀā¨Žੀ ā¨Ļā¨° ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨­ਾā¨ĩਿā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨§ੀā¨Žੀ ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੌā¨•ੇ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੋ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨, ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

22. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨­ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨œā¨¨ā¨¸ੰā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨Ļਾ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ 'ā¨¤ੇ ā¨•ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨­ਾā¨ĩ ā¨Ēੈਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨œā¨¨ā¨¸ੰā¨–ਿā¨† ā¨ĩੱā¨§ā¨Ŗ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨¤ਿ ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨Ŧā¨šā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨šā¨¨ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩā¨§ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

23. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨…ā¨°ā¨Ĩ-ā¨ĩਿā¨ĩā¨¸ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨Ŧā¨Ŗā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨­ਾā¨°ā¨¤ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š 70% ā¨˛ੋā¨• ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀā¨ŦਾāŠœੀ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨œੁāŠœੇ ā¨šā¨¨। ā¨Ēā¨° ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ŧā¨šੁā¨¤ ā¨Ēਿā¨›āŠœੀ ā¨šੈ, ā¨›ੁā¨Ēੀ ā¨Ŧੇā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨šੈ, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ēੈā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

24. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Ŧੇā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨Ēਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ŧੇā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨°ੀ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨˛ੋā¨•ਾਂ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ੰā¨Ž ā¨¨ā¨šੀਂ ā¨Žਿā¨˛ā¨Ļਾ, ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩੱā¨§ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

25. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨‰ā¨¤ā¨Ēਾā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨›ੋā¨Ÿੇ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨ĩਿā¨–ā¨°ੇ ā¨–ੇā¨¤, ā¨Ēੁā¨°ਾā¨Ŗੇ ā¨¤ā¨°ੀā¨•ੇ, ā¨Ēੂੰā¨œੀ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨˜ਾā¨Ÿ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨…ā¨¨ā¨ĒāŠœ੍ā¨šā¨¤ਾ ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨¨ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ੀ ā¨‰ā¨¤ā¨Ēਾā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੈ, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨šੁੰā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩā¨§ā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

26. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨ĩā¨§ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨•ੀā¨Žā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨­ਾā¨ĩਿā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨ĩā¨§ā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨•ੀā¨Žā¨¤ਾਂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨ĩਿā¨…ā¨•ā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨Ļਾ ā¨ĩੱā¨Ąਾ ā¨­ਾā¨— ā¨–ā¨Ēā¨¤ ā¨•ā¨° ā¨˛ੈਂā¨Ļੀā¨†ਂ ā¨šā¨¨, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨‰ā¨š ā¨šੋā¨° ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨šੋ ā¨œਾਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨।

27. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨¸ā¨Žਾā¨œਿā¨•, ā¨¸ੰā¨¸ā¨•੍ā¨°ਿā¨¤ā¨• ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨•ਾā¨°ā¨• ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨¯ੋā¨—ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨Ēਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨¨?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨…ā¨¨ā¨ĒāŠœ੍ā¨šā¨¤ਾ, ā¨ĩੱā¨Ąੇ ā¨Ēā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨°, ā¨œਾā¨¤ੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ĩਾ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨§ਾā¨°ā¨Žਿā¨• ā¨–ā¨°ā¨šਾ ā¨Ŧੇā¨šੱā¨Ļ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧ ā¨ĩā¨°ā¨— ā¨Ļੀ ā¨†ā¨Žā¨Ļā¨¨ ā¨˜ੱā¨Ÿ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨ĩā¨§ਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ।

28. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਾā¨§ਾ ā¨•ਿā¨ĩੇਂ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨†ā¨°ā¨Ĩਿā¨• ā¨ĩਾā¨§ਾ ā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Žੌā¨•ੇ ā¨ĩā¨§ਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨Žā¨¨ੁੱā¨–ੀ ā¨ĩਿā¨•ਾā¨¸ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¨ਿā¨ĩੇā¨¸਼ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨¸ਾā¨§ā¨¨ ā¨‰ā¨Ēā¨˛ੱā¨Ŧā¨§ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨ĩਾā¨‰ਂā¨Ļਾ ā¨šੈ, ā¨œਿā¨¸ ā¨¨ਾā¨˛ ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧੀ ā¨˜ā¨Ÿā¨Ļੀ ā¨šੈ।

29. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: ā¨Žਿā¨¨ੀā¨Žā¨Ž ā¨¨ੀā¨Ą ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ੋā¨—ā¨°ਾā¨Ž ā¨Ļਾ ā¨‰ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ੀ ā¨¸ੀ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨—਼ā¨°ੀā¨Ŧਾਂ ā¨Ļੀ ā¨œ਼ਿੰā¨Ļā¨—ੀ ā¨Ļੇ ā¨Ļā¨°ā¨œੇ ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨‰ੱā¨šਾ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ, ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ਾā¨‡ā¨Žā¨°ੀ ā¨¸ਿੱā¨–ਿā¨†, ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨¸ਿā¨šā¨¤, ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨œā¨˛ ā¨¸ā¨Ēā¨˛ਾā¨ˆ, ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨¸āŠœā¨•ਾਂ, ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨Ŧਿā¨œā¨˛ੀ ā¨…ā¨¤ੇ ā¨¸਼ā¨šਿā¨°ੀ ā¨Ŧā¨¸ā¨¤ੀā¨†ਂ ā¨ĩਿੱā¨š ā¨¸ੁā¨§ਾā¨° ā¨˛ਿā¨†ā¨‰ā¨Ŗਾ।

30. ā¨¸ā¨ĩਾā¨˛: MNREGA 2005 ā¨Ļਾ ā¨Žੁੱā¨– ā¨‰ā¨Ļੇā¨¸਼ ā¨•ੀ ā¨šੈ?

ā¨‰ੱā¨¤ā¨°: ā¨Ēੇਂā¨Ąੂ ā¨–ੇā¨¤ā¨° ā¨Ļੇ ā¨šā¨° ā¨Ēā¨°ਿā¨ĩਾā¨° ā¨¨ੂੰ ā¨šā¨° ā¨¸ਾā¨˛ 100 ā¨Ļਿā¨¨ ā¨˛ā¨ˆ ā¨°ੁā¨œ਼ā¨—ਾā¨° ā¨Ļੀ ā¨—ਾā¨°ੰā¨Ÿੀ ā¨Ē੍ā¨°ā¨Ļਾā¨¨ ā¨•ā¨°ā¨¨ਾ।

Answer by Mrinmoee