Chapter 21 -
The 1857 Rebellion
(a) When did India become a complete British colony?
answer- In the second half of the eighteenth century, India became a complete British colony.
(b) During the reign of which Governor General were some of the indigenous kings stripped of their royal dignity, titles, pensions, etc.?
answer- During the reign of Lord Delhousie, some of the native kings were stripped of their royal status, titles and pensions.
(c) Who was the first martyr of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857?
answer- Mangal Pandey was the first martyr of the Sepoy Mutiny in
(d) Which leader was hanged along with Maniram Dewan?
answer- Pioli Baroua was hanged along with Maniram Dewan ǀ
(e) Who conducted the peasant uprisings in Assam?
answer- The peasant uprisings in Assam were conducted by the people's melas
2) Match part 'A' with part 'B'-
answer-
3) Determining pure/impure
(a) Sepoy rebellions originated for various reasons such as economic, social, political, military, religious, etc.
answer- pure
(b) The immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 was the execution of Mangal Pandey.
answer- impure
(c) In the 1857 mutiny, Bahadur Shah II was proclaimed Emperor of India.
answer- pure
(d) Maniram Dewan appealed to the British to give Puranda Singh the rule of the Ahoms.
answer- impure
(e) In January 1861, peasants also revolted in Rangia, Nalbari and Barma against rent increases.
answer- pure
4) Kiss typing-
a) Maniram Dewan
answer- The 1857 mutiny was led by Maniram Dutta Barbhandar Barua Dewan, or Maniram Dewan for short. Maniram Dewan was a clever and politically and administratively skilled man. Initially, he was a British fan but eventually became an anti-British as he himself was a victim of British discriminatory policies. Maniram Dewan resigned his post as Dewan under the British and opened two tea plantations of his own at Chinamara and Seleng near Jorhat and became the first Assamese and Indian tea farmer. The British did not take Maniram's business lightly and began to harass him in various ways ǀ Maniram Dewan's attempts to seek Ahom rule in Assam again under Kandapeswar Singh to get rid of it and protect the interests of the people of Assam failed He continued his preparations. To this end, he contacted Piyli Barua, Kandapeshwar Singh and other colleagues from Calcutta and urged them to prepare for the rebellion. There was no difficulty in organizing the various sections of the people who were already disgruntled in Assam. The residence of Charing King Kandarpeswar Singh became the center of secret discussions. But things did not go according to plan. While the preparations were well underway, some documents relating to Maniram Dewan's rebellion came into the hands of the British and Maniram Dewan and his associates were immediately arrested. Maniram Dewan and Piyli Barua were hanged in Jorhat on 26 February 1858 without any opportunity to defend themselves.
b) Phulguri Dhewa
answer- To cover the deficit of the sepoy mutiny of 1857, new taxes were unjustly imposed on the common people and peasants ǀ The first peasant uprising of Assam took place in 1861 at Phulguri ǀ it is known as Phulguri Dhewa ǀ this peasant uprising was led by a rajmel composed of the chiefs of the society ǀ against the British administration of caste and religion People from all walks of life participated in the rebellion
C. The immediate cause of the sepoy mutiny
answer- Immediate Cause- The immediate cause of the 1857 rebellion was the use of Enfield rifle bullets. This type of bullet had to be removed by biting the packet with the teeth before being loaded into the gun. The bullets were mixed with fatty substances. Suddenly rumors spread that the mixture was made of pork and beef fat. The Indian army refused to use it as pigs were inedible to Muslims and cows to Hindus. They were convinced that the British were trying to destroy the religion of the indigenous soldiers by this action. On 23 January 1857, the soldiers first protested against the use of this type of bullet at the Damdam army camp in Bengal. On 29 March, Mangal Pandey attacked a British military officer and launched a mutiny when he was ordered to use the bullet at the barracks in Barrackpore
5. The causes of the sepoy mutiny can be divided into how many categories? Briefly describe any one of the reasons.
Answer:
6. To what extent do you think Lord Delhousie's policies were responsible for the sepoy mutiny? write.
answer-
1) Lord Delhousie strictly followed the British policy of aggression and the acquisition of many indigenous kingdoms created fear, apprehension, suspicion and distrust in the minds of the Indians.
2) During his reign, some of the indigenous kings were stripped of their royal status, titles and pensions.
3) The British showed extreme shortsightedness by unjustly occupying the kingdom of Ayodhya on the pretext of anarchy.
4) Delhousie was also involved in a conspiracy to destroy the existence of the Mughal Emperor. However, it was implemented with the intervention of the top brass of the company. However, after the death of the Emperor, Delhousie made a significant announcement that his family would be expelled from the Red Fort.
All these events instilled hatred against the British in the minds of the Indians.
7. The causes of the sepoy mutiny can be divided into how many categories? Briefly describe any one of the reasons.
answer- The causes of the sepoy mutiny are:
1) Economic policies - Excessive revenue collection, excessive debt burden on farmers, severe financial crisis of the elite, middle class and military people due to discriminatory policies
2) Political policy - acquisition of native states by Lord Delhousie's policy of abolition of rights, royal status, rank, pension cut of native kings, etc. ǀ
3) Military policy - discrimination against indigenous soldiers, not paying them the same rate as European soldiers, not giving them additional allowances, not giving them promotions, etc
4) Religious Policy- The rapid spread of religion by Christian missionaries, abolition of traditional customs, confiscation of property of converts etc. made the Indians anti-British
5) Immediate Cause- The immediate cause of the 1857 rebellion was the use of Enfield rifle bullets. This type of bullet had to be removed by biting the packet with the teeth before being loaded into the gun. The bullets were mixed with fatty substances. Suddenly rumors spread that the mixture was made of pork and beef fat. The Indian army refused to use it as pigs were inedible to Muslims and cows to Hindus. They were convinced that the British were trying to destroy the religion of the indigenous soldiers by this action. On 23 January 1857, the soldiers first protested against the use of this type of bullet at the Damdam army camp in Bengal. On 29 March, Mangal Pandey attacked a British military officer and launched a mutiny when he was ordered to use the bullet at the barracks in Barrackpore
8. Collect photographs of the leaders of the sepoy mutiny and prepare an album.
answer-
9. Draw a map of India and place the places where the sepoy mutiny took place.
answer-
