Chapter 4

DOKCHORY LEARNS ABOUT THE PANCHAYAT
āĻĄāĻ•āϚৌā§°ীāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻž্āϚাāϝ়āϤ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻļিāĻ•ে




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Dokchory Learns About The Panchayat


Q.1. Here are some words from the text and their meanings. Test your understanding by matching the words on the left with their meanings by matching the words on the left with meanings on the right. 

(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĒাāĻ āϟিā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĻি⧟া āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āϏāĻšিāϤ। āĻāϤি⧟া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝেāĻ• āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤে āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāĻŦোā§° āĻŽিāϞেā§ąা। )

 
Words and their meaning ( āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āφ⧰ু āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ)

Ans:-

(i) institution  (āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ ) > organisation or society. ( āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϏāĻŽাāϜ)

(ii) elections  ( āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚāύ ) > the exercise through which we vote for new leaders. ( āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া )

(iii) sincerity ( āϏāϤāϤা )  > devotion to a purpose. ( āφāύ্āϤ⧰িāĻ•āϤা )

(iv) differently- abled ( āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻ•্āώāĻŽ) > having a physical or mental condition that makes it difficult for a person to do all the work that other people do. ( āĻļাā§°ীā§°িāĻ• āĻŦা āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝাāϧি āϝি⧟ে āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻ• āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াāϤ āĻ…āϏুāĻŦিāϧাā§° āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰ে। )

(v) schemes ( āĻĒā§°িāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা ) > plans (āφঁāϚāύি )

(vi) substantial (āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦ্āϝ ) > large in size or amount. (āφāĻ•াā§°āϤ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ )

(vii) rural  ( āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ ) > relating to village or the countryside. ( āĻ—াঁā§ąā§° āϞāĻ—āϤ āϜāĻĄ়িāϤ )

(viii) tax  ( ā§°াāϜāĻš )  > The money citizens of a country have to pay the government to help it do different kinds of work. (āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĻেāĻļā§° āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ•ে āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°āĻ• āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻļোāϧ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ।) 

(ix) quarrel  ( āĻ•াāϜি⧟া ) > angry dispute, unfriendly relations with someone. (āĻ–āĻ™াāϞ āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻĻ, āĻ•াā§°োāĻŦাā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦāĻšীāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ•) 

(x) governance ( āĻļাāϏāύ ) > manner of governing or ruling. ( āĻļাāϏāύ āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি )


Q.2. Complete the following sentences with information from the text.

( āϤāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻĒাāĻ āϟিā§° āϏāĻšা⧟ āϞৈ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϕ⧰া। )

Ans:
(a) Dokchory studies in class Eight VIII

     ( āĻĄāĻ•āϚ⧰ী āĻ…āώ্āϟāĻŽ āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়ে )

(b) The name of her school is Disangmukh Janajati High School.

(  āϤাāχ⧰ āϏ্āĻ•ূāϞ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻš'āϞ āĻĻিāϚাংāĻŽূāĻ– āϜāύāϜাāϤী āĻšাāχ āϏ্āĻ•ূāϞ । )


(c) Her father's name is Konke Mili.

( āϤাāχ⧰ āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ•ংāĻ•ে āĻŽিāϞি )


d) He works in the Panchayat Office.

( āϤেāĻ–েāϤে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻ…āĻĢিāϚāϤ āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। )


(e) Dokhcory goes to school by bicycle.

( āĻĄāĻ•āϚ⧰ী āϚাāχāĻ•েāϞেā§°ে āϏ্āĻ•ূāϞ āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ। )

(f) She loves the ride because she gets to knows new things everyday

( āϤাāχ āĻĢুā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ—ৈ āĻ­াāϞ āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ āĻ•ি⧟āύো āϤাāχ āύāϤুāύ āύāϤুāύ āĻ•āĻĨা āϜাāύিāĻŦ āĻĒাāϞে। ) 


(g) To contest the Panchayat elections, one has to be done above twenty one years old.

( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚāύ āĻ­াāĻ— āϞ'āĻŦāϞৈ āĻš'āϞে ⧍⧧ āĻŦāϛ⧰⧰ āω⧰্āϧ্āĻŦ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ । )

Q.3. Answer the following questions to understand the text better.

( āϤāϞ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āϞিāĻ–া āϝাāϤে āĻĒাāĻ āϟি āĻ­াāϞāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦুāϜি āωāĻ া )

(a) What was the meaning of Panchayat long ago?

    ( āĻĒূā§°্āĻŦāϤে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি āφāĻ›িāϞ?

Ans:- The meaning of Panchayat is a system of governance by five elderly men called Panch Gramin Pramukh.

(āĻĒāĻž্āϚাāϝ়āϤ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ  āĻĒāĻž্āϚ āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽীāĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŽুāĻ– āύাāĻŽā§° āĻĒাঁāϚāϜāύ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ āϞোāϕ⧰ āĻļাāϏāύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা )

            or

    The meaning of Panchayat is many many long ago a system governance by five elderly men called Panch Gramin Pramukh. 

(āĻĒāĻž্āϚাāϝ়āϤ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻŦāĻšু āφāĻ—āϤে āĻĒāĻž্āϚ āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽীāĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŽুāĻ– āύাāĻŽā§° āĻĒাঁāϚāϜāύ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ āϞোāϕ⧰ āĻļাāϏāύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা )

b) What is the meaning of Panchayat Now?

  ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻŦুāϞিāϞে āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜা? )

Ans:- Now a days, anyone who is above twenty one can contest Panchayat elections. Panchayat  means a body that is responsible for the development of villages, The Panchayat is a very important institution for social change. The constitution of India grants power to the Panchayat to raise taxes, plan development schemes and work for local development.
 
    ( āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāϤ ⧍⧧ āĻŦāϛ⧰ āϊ⧰্āϧ্āĻŦā§° āϝিāĻ•োāύো āϞোāĻ•ে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚāύāϤ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে। āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽোāύ্āύ⧟āύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻĻা⧟āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āĻāĻ• āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ। āχ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻি⧟ে। āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤāĻ• ā§°াāϜāĻš āϏংāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āϤāĻĨা āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āωāύ্āύ⧟āύāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āφঁāϚāύি āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰ে।

c. What kind of work is done by the Panchayat? 

   ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āĻ•েāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে?

Ans:- Panchayat works for the development of village build and repair rural roads, houses for the poor and so on.

    ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ āωāύ্āύ⧟āύ, ā§°াāϏ্āϤা āĻĒāĻĻূāϞি āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āϤāĻĨা āĻŽেā§°াāĻŽāϤি, āĻ—ৃāĻš āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āφāĻĻি āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে। )

d. From where does the panchayat get money to perform all its work?

   ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āύিāϜ⧰ āĻ•াāĻŽāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϕ⧰ি āϝাāĻŦā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•'ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻĒāχāϚা āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰ে? )

Ans:-  To perform all its work the Panchayat raises money from taxes on vehicles, river ghats, bazaars and beels etc. Panchayat also get on annual grant from the Panchayat and Rural Development of the Government.

    ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϝাāύ āĻŦাāĻšāύ, āύৈā§° āϘাāϟ, āĻšাāϟ āĻŦāϜাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϕ⧰ āĻŦা ā§°াāϜāĻš āϏংāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āϕ⧰ে। āϤাā§°োāĻĒā§°ি āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻ—āϟোā§ąে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦāϛ⧰ে āĻŦাā§°্āώিāĻ• āĻ…āύুāĻĻাāύ āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°ā§° āϤ⧰āĻĢā§° āĻĒā§°া āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰ে। )

e. How did the Panchayat help Dhaniram?

   ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āϧāύীā§°াāĻŽāĻ• āĻ•িāĻĻā§°ে āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ? )

Ans:- Panchayat helped Dhaniram by building a house for him.

     ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āϧāύীā§°াāĻŽā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϟা āϘ⧰ āϏাāϜি āĻĻি āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। )
 
f) How did Dhaniram spend the cold December nights.

  ( āϧāύীā§°াāĻŽে āĻĄিāϚেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°ā§° āϜাā§°ā§° ā§°াāϤিāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ•িāĻĻā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?

Ans:- Dhaniram spend the bitter cold December nights on the open verandah of school building.

    ( āϧāύীā§°াāĻŽে āĻĄিāϚেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°ā§° āĻ েāϟুā§ąে āϧ⧰া āϜাā§°ā§° ā§°াāϤিāĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ⧰ āĻŦাā§°াāĻŖ্āĻĄāϤ āĻĒাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। )

4. You have just read about the panchayat. Using information from the lesson, fill in the table below:

(āϤুāĻŽি āϝিāĻšেāϤু āĻāϤি⧟া āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ⧰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻĒāĻĸ়িāϞা āĻāϤি⧟া āϏেāχ āϜ্āĻžাāύেā§°ে āϤāϞ⧰ āϤাāϞিāĻ•া āĻ–āύ āĻĒূā§° āϕ⧰া। )


The Panchyat: āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ

Meaning - (āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ)

           Panchayat is a system of five elderly members of government who are known as Panch Gramin Pramukh.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĒাঁāϚāϜāύ āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°ী āϜেāώ্āĻ  āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিā§°ে (āϝাāĻ• āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āύিā§°্āĻŦাāϚāύ āϕ⧰ি āĻĻি⧟ে ) āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻāĻ• āϏāĻŽিāϤি )

Minimum Age to Contest - 21 Years

( āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĻ্āĻŦāύ্āĻĻিā§° āύূāύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧟āϏ - ⧍⧧ āĻŦāϛ⧰

 
Powers of a Panchayat: (āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ⧰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা )

               The Indian Constitution grants power the Panchayat to raise taxes, plan development schemes and work for local development.

        āĻ­াā§°āϤāĻŦā§°্āώ⧰ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤāϏāĻŽূāĻšāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে āϝাāϤে āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে ā§°াāϜāĻš āϏংāĻ—্ā§°āĻš, āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ āωāύ্āύ⧟āύ⧰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āφঁāϚāύি āφāĻĻি āϞ'āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে। )


Kind of work Panchayat does ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ⧰ āĻ•াāĻŽ āĻ•াāϜ )

                    Panchayat works for the development of village, social change, build and repair rural roads, bridges, houses for poor.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻ•াā§°্āϝাāϞ⧟ে āĻ—াঁāĻ“, āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϤāĻĨা āĻ—াঁā§ąā§° āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āωāύ্āύ⧟āύ āϤāĻĨা āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াā§° āωāĻĒā§°িāĻ“ āĻ—াঁā§ąā§° ā§°াāϏ্āϤা āϘাāϟ āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āφāĻĻি āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে।

Sources of Money ( āĻĒāχāϚাā§° āωāϤāϏ)

         The Panchayat raises a little money from taxes on vehicles, rivers ghats, bazaars and beels etc. They also get on annual grant from the Panchayat and Rural Development Department of the Government.

        ( āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āĻ—াāĻĄ়ী, āύāĻĻীā§° āϘাāϟ, āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻŦāϜাā§° āĻŦা āĻšাāϟ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āϏংāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āϕ⧰া āϕ⧰⧰ āĻĒāχāϚাā§°ে āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻ•াāĻŽ āĻ•াāϜ āϚāϞাāχ āύি⧟ে। āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§°োāĻĒā§°ি āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤে āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āϤāĻĨা āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽোāύ্āύ⧟āύ āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻ—ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāϛ⧰āĻ•ী⧟া āĻ…āύুāĻĻাāύ āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰ে। )

Let's practise changing other questions into the reported form:

( āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāϏāĻŽূāĻšāĻ• āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āώ āωāĻ•্āϤিāϞৈ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϕ⧰া )


a. She said to her father, "What kind of work do you do? 

( āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϏূāϧিāϞে, "āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ•েāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে? )

Ans:- She asked her what kind of work he did 

    ( āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϏূāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻ–েāϤে āĻ•ি āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে। )

b. She said to have father, "Where do you get all the money from? "

   āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ, "āϤুāĻŽি āĻĒāχāϚাāĻŦোā§° āĻ•'āϤ āĻĒোā§ąা?"

Ans:- She asked her father from where she get all the money.

       ( āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻ–েāϤে āĻĒāχāϚাāĻŦোā§° āĻ•'āϤ āĻĒাāχ। )


C. She said to her father, "Is that enough to do so much work?"

    ( āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ,"āϏিāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াāϟো āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āύে? )

Ans:- She asked her father whether that to much work was enough to do.

 ( āϤাāχ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϏিāĻŽাāύāĻ–িāύি āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াāϟো āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āύে।)


d) She said to him, "What is a panchayat?"

   āϤাāχ āϤাāĻ• āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ, "āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻ•ি?)

Ans:- She asked him what a panchayat was. 

( āϤাāχ āϤাāĻ• āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻĒāĻž্āϚা⧟āϤ āĻ•ি āĻšā§Ÿ )






 Check By- Mukesh Borah

Post Id: DABP000832


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āĻŦেāϞেāĻ— āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāχ āϞিংāĻ• āϟোāϤ āĻ•্āϞিāĻ• āϕ⧰āĻ• 
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