LOUIS PASTEUR
āϞুāĻāĻ āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§°
1. Answer the following questions to check your understanding:
ā§§/ āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻŦুāĻাāĻŦুāĻি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ:
a) What happened one day while Louis Pasteur was playing with his friends?
āĻ) āϞুāĻ āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§°ে āĻŦāύ্āϧু-āĻŦাāύ্āĻ§ā§ąীā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻেāϞি āĻĨāĻাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻāĻĻিāύ āĻি āĻšৈāĻিāϞ?
Answer:- He saw a man was running towards him and the man was very frightened. They said the news to Louis that someone had been bitten by a mad wolf from the mountain. Louis knew that the wolf was suffering from rabies.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- āϤেāĻঁ āĻĻেāĻিāϞে āĻāĻāύ āĻŽাāύুāĻš āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĢাāϞে āĻĻৌā§°ি āĻāĻšিāĻে āĻā§°ু āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻāύ āĻŦā§° āĻāϝ় āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ িāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āϞুāĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻŦā§°āĻো āĻ’āϞে āϝে āĻĒাāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻাā§°োāĻŦাāĻ āĻĒাāĻāϞ āĻĒāĻšু āĻāĻাāĻ āĻাāĻŽোā§°িāĻে। āϞুāĻāĻে āĻাāύিāĻিāϞ āϝে āĻĒāĻšুāĻো ā§°েāĻŦিāĻāϤ āĻāĻ্ā§°াāύ্āϤ āĻšৈ āĻāĻে।
b) What does rabies cause in human beings?
āĻ) ā§°েāĻŦিāĻ ā§°োāĻে āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻĻেāĻšāϤ āĻি āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻā§°ে?
Answer:- Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- ā§°েāĻŦিāĻ āĻšৈāĻে āĻāĻŦিāϧ āĻাāĻā§°াāĻāĻāύিāϤ ā§°োāĻ āϝিāϝ়ে āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻā§°ু āĻ
āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āϏ্āϤāύ্āϝāĻĒাāϝ়ী āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖীā§° āĻŽāĻāĻুā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāĻšā§° āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻā§°ে।
c) What experiment did Pasteur conduct on rabbits?
āĻ) āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§°ে āĻļāĻšাāĻĒāĻšুā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ?
Answer:- He treated the ailing rabbits by injecting them with the same virus and succeeded in curing them.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- āĻ
āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻļāĻšাāĻĒāĻšু āĻŦোā§°āĻ āĻāĻে āĻাāĻā§°াāĻā§° āĻŦেāĻী āĻĻি āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āĻā§°ি āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āĻā§°িāϞে āĻā§°ু āύিā§°াāĻŽāϝ় āĻā§°াāϤ āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻš’āϞ।
d) Who was Pasteur's first human patient? Was his treatment successful?
āĻ) āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą ā§°োāĻী āĻোāύ āĻāĻিāϞ? āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ āύেāĻি?
Answer:- His first human patient was a school boy who was bitten by a mad dog. His treatment was successful as the boy slowly fully cured.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą ā§°োāĻী āĻāĻিāϞ āĻāĻāύ āϏ্āĻুāϞীāϝ়া āϞ’ā§°া āϝাāĻ āĻāĻা āĻāύ্āĻŽাāĻĻ āĻুāĻুā§°ে āĻাāĻŽুā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϞাāĻšে āϞাāĻšে āϞ’ā§°াāĻো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻšৈ āĻāĻ াāϤ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻš’āϞ।
e) Where and when did the French government establish the Pasteur Institute? What is it famous for?
āĻ) āĻĢ্ā§°াāύ্āϏ āĻā§°āĻাā§°ে āĻ’āϤ āĻā§°ু āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§° āĻāύāώ্āĻিāĻিāĻāĻ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ? āĻিāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ?
Answer:- In 1888, the French government founded the Pasteur Institute in Paris. It is famous for the study of biology, micro-organisms, disease and vaccines.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ž āĻāύāϤ āĻĢ্ā§°াāύ্āϏ āĻā§°āĻাā§°ে āĻĒেā§°িāĻāϤ āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§° āĻāύāώ্āĻিāĻিāĻāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āĻā§°ে। āĻীā§ąāĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ, āĻ
āĻŖুāĻীā§ą, ā§°োāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻেāĻāĻিāύ⧰ āĻ
āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ।
2. You must have noticed that the lesson has many words related to disease. Read the lesson carefully and note down all these words in the word web below.
⧍/ āĻāĻĒুāύি āύিāĻļ্āĻāϝ় āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻā§°িāĻে āϝে āĻĒাāĻ āĻোāϤ ā§°োāĻā§° āϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻāĻে। āĻĒাāĻ āĻো āĻাāϞāĻĻā§°ে āĻĒāĻĸ়āĻ āĻā§°ু āϤāϞāϤ ā§ąেāĻŦ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻোāϤ āĻāĻ āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϞিāĻি āĻĨāĻāĻ।
Answer:- Disease-virus-experiment-patient-treatment-rabies-viral-deadly-cure-inject-vaccine-micro-organisms-biology.
āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰:- ā§°োāĻ-āĻাāĻā§°াāĻ-āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা-ā§°োāĻী-āĻিāĻিā§āϏা-ā§°েāĻŦিāĻ-āĻাāĻā§°াāĻ-āĻŽাā§°াāϤ্āĻŽāĻ-āύিā§°াāĻŽāϝ়-āĻŦেāĻী-āĻিāĻা-āĻ
āĻŖুāĻীā§ą-āĻীā§ąāĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ।
3. Here are five friends sharing information about diseases. Complete their dialogues with information from the lesson.
ā§Š/ āĻāϝ়াāϤ āĻĒাঁāĻāĻāύ āĻŦāύ্āϧুā§ąে ā§°োāĻā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻļ্āĻŦেāϝ়াā§° āĻā§°িāĻে। āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϤāĻĨ্āϝ⧰ে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āϏংāϞাāĻĒ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:-
a) Puja:- Beware of animal bites, you may get rabies.
āĻ) āĻĒূāĻা:- āĻĒāĻļুā§° āĻাāĻŽোā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏাā§ąāϧাāύ āĻšāĻāĻ, ā§°েāĻŦিāĻ āĻšāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।
b) Rohan:- Measles is a deadly disease. It can lead to Pneumonia, Diarrhoea etc.
āĻ) ā§°োāĻšāύ:- āĻŽিāĻিāϞāĻ āĻāĻŦিāϧ āĻŽাā§°াāϤ্āĻŽāĻ ā§°োāĻ। āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āύিāĻāĻŽোāύিāϝ়া, āĻĄাāϝ়েā§°িāϝ়া āĻāĻĻি āĻš’āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।
c) Pushpa:- Rubella infection can lead to children born with congenital birth defects as blindness, deafness, mental retardation, congenital heart defects.
āĻ) āĻĒুāώ্āĻĒ:- ā§°ুāĻŦেāϞা āϏংāĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻāύ্āĻŽāĻāϤ āĻāύ্āĻŽāĻāϤ āĻŦিāϏংāĻāϤি āϝেāύে āĻ
āύ্āϧāϤা, āĻŦāϧিā§°āϤা, āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞাংāĻāϤা, āĻāύ্āĻŽāĻāϤ āĻšৃāĻĻāϝāύ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāϏংāĻāϤি āĻāĻĻিā§°ে āĻāύ্āĻŽ āĻšোā§ąা āĻļিāĻļুā§° āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻš’āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।
d) Jumon:- The Anopheles mosquito is a carrier of Malaria.
āĻ) āĻুāĻŽāύ:- āĻāύোāĻĢিāϞিāĻ āĻŽāĻš āĻšৈāĻে āĻŽেāϞেā§°িāϝ়াā§° āĻŦাāĻšāĻ।
4. Do you know what a flowchart is? It is a diagram that shows how one things leads to the next. Read the lesson once again and complete the flowchart to show the chain of events. The first entry has been inserted for you.
ā§Ē/ āĻĢ্āϞ’āĻাā§°্āĻ āĻি āĻাāύেāύে? āĻ āĻāĻা āĻĄাāϝ়েāĻ্ā§°াāĻŽ āϝিāϝ়ে āĻĻেāĻুā§ąাāĻāĻে āϝে āĻāĻা āĻāĻĨাāĻ āĻেāύেāĻৈ āĻĒā§°ā§ąā§°্āϤীāĻোāϞৈ āϞৈ āϝাāϝ়। āĻĒাāĻ āĻো āĻāĻৌ āĻāĻŦাā§° āĻĒāĻĸ়āĻ āĻā§°ু āĻĢ্āϞ’āĻাā§°্āĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°ি āĻĒā§°িāĻāĻāύাā§° āĻļৃংāĻāϞāĻো āĻĻেāĻুā§ąাāĻāĻ। āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąেāĻļ āϏāύ্āύিā§ąিāώ্āĻ āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻে।
Answer:-
--- Pasteur sees a man bitten by a mad wolf.
--- āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§°ে āĻĻেāĻিāĻে āĻāĻāύ āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻ āĻāĻা āĻāύ্āĻŽাāĻĻ āĻĒāĻšুā§ąে āĻাāĻŽোā§°া।
----He thought the man might get rabies and die.
----āϤেāĻঁ āĻাāĻŦিāĻিāϞ āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻāύ⧰ āĻšāϝ়āϤো ā§°েāĻŦিāĻ āĻšৈ āĻŽā§°িāĻŦ।
----He treated the ailing rabbits by injecting them with the same virus and succeeded in curing them.
----āϤেāĻঁ āĻ
āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻļāĻšাāĻĒāĻšুāĻেāĻāĻাāĻ āĻāĻেāĻা āĻাāĻā§°াāĻ āĻŦেāĻী āĻĻি āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āĻā§°ি āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻā§°ি āϤোāϞাāϤ āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
---- A mother requested Pasteur to cure her son, who was bitten by a mad dog.
---- āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§°āĻ āĻ
āύুā§°োāϧ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĒুāϤ্ā§°āĻ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻā§°ি āϤুāϞিāĻŦ āϞাāĻে, āϝিāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻা āĻāύ্āĻŽাāĻĻ āĻুāĻুā§°ে āĻাāĻŽোā§°িāĻিāϞ।
---- Pasteur injected the boy with the virus and achieved success.
---- āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§°ে āϞ⧰া āĻāύāĻ āĻাāĻā§°াāĻā§° āĻŦেāĻী āĻĻিāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āϏāĻĢāϞāϤা āϞাāĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
---- Louis Pasteur had been famous for his new method of treatment.
---- āϞুāĻ āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§° āύāϤুāύ āĻিāĻিā§āϏা āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ।
6. (c) Now complete these sentences using the simple present or the past continuous forms of the verbs in brackets:
ā§Ŧ) (āĻ) āĻāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦāύ্āϧāύীāϤ āĻĨāĻা āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻŦা āĻ
āϤীāϤ āĻ
āĻŦিā§°āϤ ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ি āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻ:
Answer:-
i) we play football in the afternoon(play).
i) āĻāĻŽি āĻĻুāĻĒā§°ীāϝ়া āĻĢুāĻāĻŦāϞ āĻেāϞো(play)।
ii) The sun rises in the east(rise).
ii) āϏূā§°্āϝ্ā§ āĻĒূā§ąāĻĢাāϞে āĻāĻĻā§ āĻšā§(āĻāĻĻā§)।
iii) Don't make a noise; the baby is sleeping(sleep).
iii) āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āύāĻā§°িāĻŦ; āĻেঁāĻুā§ąাāĻো āĻļুāĻ āĻāĻে(āĻļুāĻ āĻāĻে)।
iv)Someone is knocking at the door; can you hear it?(knock)
iv)āĻোāύোāĻŦাāĻ āĻĻুā§ąাā§°āϤ āĻুāĻুā§°িāϝ়াāĻ āĻāĻে; āĻļুāύিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦাāύে?(āĻোāĻā§° āĻŽাā§°িāϞে)
v) The man is running towards the bus.(run)
v) āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻāύ āĻŦাāĻā§° āĻĢাāϞে āĻĻৌā§°ি āĻāĻে।(āĻĻৌā§°ি)
vi) The bus usually comes at 8 o' clock.(come)
vi) āĻŦাāĻāĻāύ āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে ā§Ž āĻŦāĻাāϤ āĻāĻšে।(āĻāĻšা)
vii) He is preparing for an engineering entrance examination.(prepare)
vii) āϤেāĻঁ āĻ
āĻিāϝাāύ্āϤ্ā§°িāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°ā§ąেāĻļ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤি āĻāϞাāĻ āĻāĻে।(āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻā§°āĻ)
viii) He is learning German.(learn)
viii) āϤেāĻঁ āĻাā§°্āĻŽাāύ āĻাāώা āĻļিāĻি āĻāĻে।(āĻļিāĻিāĻŦ)
7. (c) Let's see how much you have understood. Complete these sentences using the simple past or the past continuous forms of the verbs brackets.
ā§) (āĻ) āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻিāĻŽাāύ āĻŦুāĻি āĻĒাāĻāĻে āĻাāĻঁ āĻāĻšāĻ। āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧāύীā§° āϏ⧰āϞ āĻ
āϤীāϤ āĻŦা āĻ
āϤীāϤ āĻ
āĻŦিā§°āϤ ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ি āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻ।
i) Louis Pasteur died in 1895.(die)
āĻ) ā§§ā§Žā§¯ā§Ģ āĻāύāϤ āϞুāĻ āĻĒেāώ্āĻুā§°ā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻšāϝ়।(āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু)
ii) Pasteur knew that the mad wolf was suffering from rabies.(suffer)
ii) āĻĒাāώ্āĻুā§°ে āĻাāύিāĻিāϞ āϝে āĻāύ্āĻŽাāĻĻ āĻĒāĻšুāĻো ā§°েāĻŦিāĻāϤ āĻāĻ্ā§°াāύ্āϤ।()
iii)When I reached his house, he was having lunch.(have)
iii)āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻā§°āϤ āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻšāĻঁāϤে āϤেāĻঁ āĻĻুāĻĒā§°ীāϝ়াā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।(have)
iv) I arrived last evening.(arrive)
iv) āϝোā§ąা āϏāύ্āϧিāϝ়া āĻāĻšি āĻĒাāϞোঁ।(āĻāĻāĻŽāύ)
v) The boys were playing football when it suddenly began to rain.(play)
v) āϞ'ā§°াāĻেāĻāĻাāĻ āĻĢুāĻāĻŦāϞ āĻেāϞি āĻĨাāĻোāϤে āĻšāĻ াā§ āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ āĻš'āĻŦāϞৈ āϧ⧰িāϞে।(play)
11. Look at the sentences. They are in Direct speech. Imagine you are reporting the conversation to someone. Rewrite the sentences in Indirect/Reported speech.
ā§§ā§§) āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻাāĻāĻ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ Direct speech āϤ āĻāĻে। āĻāϞ্āĻĒāύা āĻā§°āĻ āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻাā§°োāĻŦাāĻ āĻāĻĨা-āĻŦāϤ⧰াā§° āĻāĻŦā§° āĻĻিāĻে। Indirect/Reported speech āϤ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻĒুāύ⧰ āϞিāĻা।
Answer:-
a) Louis asked him what the matter was.
āĻ) āϞুāĻāĻে āϤেāĻঁāĻ āϏুāϧিāϞে āϝে āĻāĻĨাāĻো āĻি?
b) The woman asked Louis if he could save her son.
āĻ) āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻā§°াāĻীāϝ়ে āϞুāĻāĻāĻ āϏুāϧিāϞে āϝে āϤেāĻঁ āύিāĻā§° āĻĒুāϤ্ā§°āĻ āĻŦāĻাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦāύে?
c) Louis said to the boy that he would do whatever she could.
āĻ) āϞুāĻāĻে āϞ’ā§°াāĻোāĻ āĻ’āϞে āϝে āϤাāĻ āϝি āĻĒাā§°ে āϏি āĻā§°িāĻŦ।
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āĻŦেāϞেāĻ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻ āϞিংāĻ āĻোāϤ āĻ্āϞিāĻ āĻā§°āĻ
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āĻŦেāϞেāĻ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻ āϞিংāĻ āĻোāϤ āĻ্āϞিāĻ āĻā§°āĻ
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Spelling Check By- Rajashri Bora
Post Id: DABP001305