Chapter: 1
Robinson Crusoe
ā§°āĻŦিāύāĻāύ āĻ্ā§°ুāĻ'
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Comprehension:
1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences:
āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāϤ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়া:
a) What is the name of the shipwrecked sailor?
āϧ্āĻŦংāĻļ āĻŽুāĻি āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāύ⧰ āύাā§ąিāĻ āĻāύ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻি āĻšā§?
Ans: The name of the shipwrecked sailor is Robinson Crusoe.
āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻĻুā§°্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্ā§°āϏ্āϤ āύাā§ąিāĻāĻāύ⧰ āύাāĻŽ ā§°āĻŦিāύāĻāύ āĻ্ā§°ুāĻ’।
b) When did he begin his journey by the sea for trade?
āϤেāĻঁ āĻŦেāĻĒাā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏাāĻā§°ā§° āĻŽাāĻেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ?
Ans: On 1st September 1659, he began his journey by the sea for trade.
āϤেāĻঁ ā§§ āĻেāĻĒ্āĻেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§° ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ģ⧝ āϤাā§°িāĻে āϏাāĻā§°ā§° āĻŽাāĻেā§°ে āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
c) Who gave him company in the island at the beginning?
āĻোāύে āϤেāĻঁāĻ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻোāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽে āϞāĻ āĻĻিāϞে?
āĻāĻা āĻŽেāĻুā§°ী āĻā§°ু āĻāĻা āĻুāĻুā§°ে āϤেāĻঁāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻোāϤ āϞāĻ āĻĻিāϞে।
Ans: A cat and a dog gave him company in the island at the beginning.d) What did Crusoe call the man whom he had rescued?
Crusoe āĻ āĻāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āĻā§°ি āĻ āύা āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻāύāĻ āĻি āĻŦুāϞি āĻŽাāϤিāĻিāϞ?
Ans: Crusoe called the man 'Friday' as he was rescued on a Friday.
āĻļুāĻ্ā§°āĻŦাā§°ে āĻāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āĻšোā§ąাā§° āϞāĻে āϞāĻে āĻ্ā§°ুāĻোā§ąে āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻāύāĻ 'āĻļুāĻ্ā§°āĻŦাā§°ে' āĻŦুāϞি āĻŽাāϤিāĻিāϞ।
e) Which language did Crusoe teach Friday?
Crusoe āĻ Friday āĻ āĻোāύāĻো āĻাāώা āĻļিāĻাāĻāĻিāϞ?
Ans: Crusoe taught Friday the English Language.
āĻ্ā§°ুāĻ’āĻ āĻļুāĻুā§°āĻŦাā§°ে āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻাāώা āĻļিāĻাāĻāĻিāϞ।
2. How did Crusoe manage to go back to England?
Crusoe āĻ āĻংāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻি āĻĻā§°ে āĻā§°িāϞে?
Ans: One day a ship with an English flag was coming towards the island. Crusoe somehow convinced the members of the ship to carry him and Friday after knowing the ship was an English ship. That's how Crusoe managed to go back to England.
āĻāĻĻিāύ, āĻংā§°াāĻā§° āĻĒāϤāĻা āĻĨāĻা āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāĻāύ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻোā§° āĻĻিāĻļে āĻāĻšি āĻāĻিāϞ। Crusoe āĻ āĻেāύেāĻŦাāĻৈ āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāύ⧰ āĻŽাāύুāĻš āĻেāĻāĻāύāĻ āϤেāĻঁāĻ āĻā§°ু Friday āĻ āϞāĻāϤ āύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŽাāύ্āϤি āĻā§°াāϞে, āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāύ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻŦুāϞি āĻāύাā§° āĻĒাāĻāϤ। āϤেāύেāĻĻā§°েāĻ, Crusoe āĻ āĻংāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻā§°িāϞে।
3. Write whether the following statements are true or false:.
āϤāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻোāύāĻো āĻুāϞ āĻোāύāĻো āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻŦাāĻি āĻāϞিā§োā§ąা:
a) Robinson Crusoe did not love to travel on the sea.
Robinson Crusoe āĻ āϏাāĻā§°ā§° āϝাāϤ্ā§°া āĻā§°ি āĻাāϞ āĻĒোā§ąা āύাāĻিāϞ।
Ans: False (āĻূāϞ)
b) Robinson Crusoe was the only survivor.
Robinson Crusoe āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰্āĻিāĻŦি āĻāĻিāϞ।
Ans: True (āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ)
c) Robinson tamed horse.
Robinson āĻ āĻোঁā§°া āĻĒূāĻšিāĻিāϞ।
Ans: False (āĻূāϞ)
d) Friday was rescued on Sunday.
Friday āĻ āĻĻেāĻāĻŦাā§°ে āĻāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
Ans: False ( āĻূāϞ )
e) Robinson Crusoe went back to England on an English ship on 19th November, 1686.
Robinson Crusoe āĻāĻāύ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻাāĻšাāĻāϤ ⧧⧝ āĻ¨ā§ąেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°, ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ŧ āϤাā§°িāĻে āĻংāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āĻৈāĻিāϞ।
Ans: True.
Grammar and Usage:
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ু āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°:
Use of "be" verbs (am, is, are, was, were) as helping verbs or auxiliary verbs.
āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻŦা āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে "āĻšোā§ąা" āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়া (am, is, are, was, were) ā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°।
"Be" verb (am, is, are, was, were) āĻŦোā§°āĻ helping āĻŦা auxiliary verb āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়।
Be verbs are used to form the continuous tense form of verbs.
Be verbs āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ি āĻ্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āĻ āĻŦিā§°āϤ āĻাāϞ⧰ ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়।
The Present Continuous Tense
( āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ āĻŦিā§°āϤ āĻাāϞ )
Examples:
( āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ )
a) I am drawing a picture.
āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻŦি āĻঁāĻি āĻāĻোঁ।
b) He is drinking a glass of milk.
āϏি āĻāĻিāϞাāĻ āĻাāĻীā§° āĻাāĻ āĻāĻে।
c) They are eating mangoes.
āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āĻāĻŽ āĻাāĻ āĻāĻে।
d) Samriddhi is driving a car.
āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧিā§ে āĻāĻāύ āĻাā§°ী āĻāϞাāĻ āĻāĻে।
e) The children are singing a chorus.
āϞ⧰া āĻোā§ąাāϞী āĻŦোā§°ে āĻāĻা āĻুā§°াāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāĻে।
In the above sentences the verbs "am" , "is", "are" are called auxiliary verbs. They are helping the main verbs 'draw', 'drink', 'eat', 'drive' and 'sing' to form the structure of the Present Continuous Tense.
āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻেāĻāĻাāϤ (am, is, are) verb āĻেāĻāĻাāĻ auxiliary verb āĻŦোāϞে। āϏিāĻšঁāϤে main verb (draw, drink, eat, drive and sing) āĻ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°ে Present Continuous Tense ā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻা āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ।
Activity 1:
a) The brids are flying in the sky now.
āĻ) āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§° āĻāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻাāĻļāϤ āĻā§°ি āĻāĻে।
b) Rupak is reading; don't disturb him.
ā§°ূāĻĒāĻে āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āĻāĻে, āϤাāĻ āĻāĻŽāύি āύāĻā§°িāĻŦা।
c) Look! I am reading a book written by Chetan Bhagat.
āĻ) āĻাāĻāĻāĻোāύ! āĻেāϤāύ āĻāĻāϤ āϞিāĻা āĻāĻāύ āĻিāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āĻāĻো।
d) At this moment, my father is drinking tea.
āĻāĻ āĻŽুāĻšূā§°্āϤ্āϤāϤ, āĻŽোā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻ āĻাāĻš āĻাāĻ āĻāĻে।
e) The women are busy because they are washing clothes.
āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āϏāĻāϞ āĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āϤ āĻāĻে āĻাā§°āĻŖ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻাāĻĒোā§° āϧুāĻ āĻāĻে।
The Past Continuous Tense is used when an action was continued for sometime in the past.
āĻāĻ tense āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ় āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻা āĻাāĻŽ āĻিāĻু āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϞৈāĻে āĻূāϤ āĻাāϞāϤ āĻāϞি āĻĨāĻা āĻŦুāĻাāĻ।
Examples:
a) When he saw me I was reading a newspaper.
āĻ) āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁ āĻŽোāĻ āĻĻেāĻিāϞে āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻāύ āĻŦাāϤ⧰ি āĻাāĻāϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āĻāĻিāϞো।
b) We were running on the bank of the river at that time.
āĻāĻŽি āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āύāĻĻীā§° āĻŦুāĻুāϤ āĻĻৌā§°ি āĻĢুā§°িāĻিāϞো।
c) You were sitting on the bench then.
āϤুāĻŽি āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦেāĻ্āĻি āĻāύāϤ āĻŦāĻšি āĻāĻিāϞা।
d) The boy was speaking to his friends at that moment.
āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āϞ⧰া āĻāύে āϤাā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻŦোā§°ā§° āϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤি āĻāĻিāϞ।
e) When my father saw them they were singing a Jyoti Sangeet.
āĻŽোā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻ āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϏিāĻšঁāϤāĻ āĻĻেāĻে āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āĻ্āϝোāϤি āϏংāĻীāϤ āĻাāϝ় āĻāĻিāϞ।
In the above sentences the verb "was" and "were" are called auxiliary verb. They are helping the main verbs 'read', 'run', 'sit', 'speak' and 'sing' to form the structure of the Past Continuous Tense.
āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻেāĻāĻাāϤ (was āĻā§°ু were) verb āĻেāĻāĻাāĻ auxiliary verb āĻŦোāϞে। āϏিāĻšঁāϤে main verb (read, run, sit, speak āĻā§°ু sing) āĻ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°ে Past Continuous Tense ā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻা āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ।
Activity 2:
a) The girl was dancing on the stage when they saw her.
āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāĻāĻ āĻĻেāĻে āϤাāĻ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŽāĻ্āĻā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āύাāĻি āĻāĻিāϞ।
b) The women were wearing traditional dresses then.
āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āϏāĻāϞে āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻĒā§°āĻŽ্āĻĒā§°াāĻāϤ āĻĒোāĻাāĻ āĻĒā§°িāϧাāύ āĻā§°ি āĻāĻিāϞ।
c) Lalita was swimming in the pool at that time.
āϞāϞিāϤাāĻ āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻĒুāϞāϤ āϏাঁāϤুā§°ি āĻāĻিāϞ।
d) The children were eating oranges at that moment.
āϞ⧰া āĻোā§ąাāϞী āĻেāĻāĻাāĻ āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻāĻŽāϞা āĻাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
e) When my mother saw him, he was riding a bicycle.
āĻŽোā§° āĻŽাā§ে āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāĻ āĻĻেāĻে, āϏি āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻাāĻāĻেāϞ āĻāϞাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ।
Use of "has" and "have" as auxiliary verbs or helping verbs.
(Has āĻā§°ু Have ā§°) auxiliary verb āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻā§°া āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°।
We use 'has' and 'have' to form the Present Perfect Tense.
āĻāĻŽি (has āĻā§°ু have) ā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° present perfect tense āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻā§°োঁ।
Examples:
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ:
a) I have written a letter just now.
āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āĻāĻāύ āĻিāĻ ি āϞিāĻিāϞোঁ।
b) We have already won the match.
āĻāĻŽি āĻāϤিāĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ āĻেāϞ āĻāύ āĻিāĻিāϞো।
c) He has just posted the letter.
āϏি āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āĻিāĻ ি āĻāύ āĻĒোāώ্āĻ āĻā§°িāϞে।
d) You have finished your homework just now.
āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āϤোāĻŽাā§° āĻšāĻŽ ā§ąā§°্āĻ āĻļেāώ āĻā§°িāϞা।
e) Ronit has already eaten the apples.
ā§°āĻŖিāϤে āĻāϤিāĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ āĻāĻĒেāϞ āĻŦোā§° āĻাāĻ āĻĒেāϞাāϞে।
In the above sentences, the verbs 'has' and 'have' are called auxiliary verbs. They are helping the main verbs 'write', 'win', 'post', 'finish' and 'eat' to form the structure of the Present Perfect Tense.
āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻেāĻāĻাāϤ (has āĻā§°ু have) verb āĻেāĻāĻাāĻ auxiliary verb āĻŦোāϞে। āϏিāĻšঁāϤে main verb (write, win, post, finish āĻā§°ু eat) āĻ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°ে Present Perfect Tense ā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻা āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ।
Activity 3:
a) Robin has already bought the novel.
ā§°āĻŦীāύে āĻāϤিāĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻ āĻāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻāύ āĻিāύি āĻāύি।
b) You have opened the window just now.
āϤুāĻŽি āĻিā§°িāĻী āĻāύ āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āĻুāϞি āĻĻিāϞা।
c) She has just cut her finger.
āϤাāĻ āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻুāϞি āĻো āĻাāĻি āϞāϞে।
d) The dried leaves have already fallen from the tree.
āĻļুāĻাāύ āĻĒাāϤ āĻŦোā§° āĻāϤিāĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ āĻāĻ āϝুāĻĒাā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏ⧰িāϞ।
e) The monkey has eaten all the bananas just now.
āĻŦাāύ্āĻĻā§° āĻোā§ąে āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āĻোāĻেāĻ āĻāϞ āĻŦোā§° āĻাāĻ āĻĒেāϞাāϞে।
Use of 'do', 'does' and 'did' to form negative and interrogative sentences.
Negative āĻā§°ু interrogative sentence āĻāĻ āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ 'do', 'does' āĻā§°ু 'did' ā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°।
Examples of negative sentences:
āĻāĻŖাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ:
a) They did not fight yesterday.
āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āϝোā§ąা āĻাāϞি āĻাāĻীā§া āĻā§°া āύাāĻ।
b) He does not drink coffee.
āϏি āĻāĻĢি āύাāĻাāϝ়।
c) We do not like to eat oranges.
āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽāϞা āĻাā§ āĻাāϞ āύাāĻĒাāĻঁ।
Activity 4:
1.
a) She did not teach us English last year.
āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻŽাāĻ āϝোā§ąা āĻŦāĻā§° āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻĒā§োā§ąা āύাāĻিāϞ।
b) Leena and Seema do not like to drink milk.
āϞিāύা āĻā§°ু āϏীāĻŽাāĻ āĻাāĻীā§° āĻাāĻ āĻাāϞ āύাāĻĒাāϝ়।
c) I do not quarrel with my friends.
āĻŽāĻ āĻŽোā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϤ⧰্āĻ āύāĻā§°োঁ।
d) Smita did not go to school yesterday.
āϏ্āĻŽিāϤা āϝোā§ąা āĻাāϞি āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āύāĻāϞ।
e) My pet dog doesn't bark at strangers.
āĻŽোā§° āĻĒোāĻšāύীāϝ়া āĻুāĻুā§° āĻোā§ąে āĻ āĻিāύাāĻী āϞৈ āύুāĻুāĻে।
Examples of Interrogative Sentences:
Interrogative sentence ā§° āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ:
a) Did they come yesterday?
āϏিāĻšঁāϤ āϝোā§ąা āĻাāϞি āĻāĻšিāϞ āύে?
b) Does he drink milk?
āϏি āĻাāĻীā§° āĻাāĻ āύে?
c) Do you like to eat mangoes?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻŽ āĻাāĻ āĻাāϞ āĻĒোā§ąাāύে?
Activity 5:
a) Did she teach them Hindi last year?
āϤেāĻঁ āϏিāĻšঁāϤāĻ āϝোā§ąা āĻŦāĻā§° āĻšিāύ্āĻĻী āĻĒā§োā§ąাāĻāĻিāϞ āύে?
b) Does Reena like to eat apples?
ā§°ীāύাāĻ āĻāĻĒেāϞ āĻাāĻ āĻাāϞ āĻĒাāĻ āύে?
c) Do you go to school by bus?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦাāĻেā§°ে āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āϝোā§ąা āύে?
d) Does Simanta comes here every Sunday?
āϏীāĻŽাāύ্āϤ āĻāϝ়াāϞৈ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻĻেāĻāĻŦাā§°ে āĻāĻšে āύে?
e) Did they go to library last Saturday?
āϏিāĻšঁāϤ āϝোā§ąা āĻļāύিāĻŦাā§°ে āĻĒুāĻĨিāĻঁā§°াāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ āύে?
In the above examples of negative and interrogative sentences 'do', 'does' and 'did' help the main verbs 'fight', 'drink', 'like' and 'come' to form negative and interrogative sentences. These different forms of 'do' verb are called auxiliary verb.
āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Negative āĻā§°ু Interrogative Sentence (do, does, did) āĻ main verbs (fight, drink, like, come) āĻŦোā§°āĻ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°ে। āĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° 'do' verb āĻŦুā§°āĻ auxiliary verb āĻŦোāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Note: The above mentioned verbs like 'am', 'is', 'are', was', 'were', 'has', 'have', 'do', 'does' and 'did' are called Primary Auxiliary Verbs
āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻā§°া verb āϝেāύে (am, is, are, was, were, has, have, do, does āĻā§°ু did) āĻāĻšঁāϤāĻ Primary Auxiliary Verb āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।
Wh-question words:
āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϏāĻŽূāĻš:
Who, whom, whose, what, which, how, why, when and where are called wh-question words. We use these wh-question words to ask questions.
āĻāĻ āĻোāĻেāĻ āĻŦোā§°āĻ wh āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦোā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°োঁ।
Examples:
āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ:
1) Who took my pen?
āĻŽোā§° āĻāϞāĻŽ āĻো āĻোāύে āϞāϞে?
2) Whom did you see?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻাāĻ āĻĻেāĻা āĻĒাāϞা?
3) With whom did you go there?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻাā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϤাāϞৈ āĻāϞা?
4) Whose book is this?
āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻাā§° āĻিāϤাāĻĒ?
5) What is your name?
āϤোāĻŽাā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻি?
6) What do you want?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻি āĻŦিāĻā§°া?
7) Which is your book?
āϤোāĻŽাā§° āĻিāϤাāĻĒ āĻোāύ āĻāύ?
8) How did he come here?
āϏি āĻāϝ়াāϞৈ āĻেāύেāĻৈ āĻāĻšিāϞ?
9) Why are you late?
āϤোāĻŽাā§° āĻĻেā§°ি āĻীā§ āĻšāϞ?
10) When will he come?
āϏি āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻšিāĻŦ?
11) Where do you live?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻ'āϤ āĻĨাāĻা ।
12) Where have you come from?
āϤুāĻŽি āĻ'ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻšিāϞা?
Writing activity:
āϞিāĻাā§° āĻাā§°্āϝ্āϝāĻāϞাāĻĒ:
Dr. Bhupen Hazarika was born on 8 September, 1926 in Sadiya. The name of his father was Nilakanta Hazarika and his mother's name was Shantipriya Hazarika. He was a famous singer, musician, film maker and lyricist of Assam. He received the Dada Saheb Phalke award in 1992. He died on 5th November 2011. Dr. Bhupen Hazarika has been conferred Bharat Ratna posthumously.
āĻĄāĻ্āϤ⧰ āĻূāĻĒেāύ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻাā§° āĻāύ্āĻŽ ā§Ž āĻেāĻĒ্āĻেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§° ⧧⧝⧍ā§Ŧ āϏāĻĻিā§াāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āύীāϞāĻাāύ্āϤ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻā§°ু āĻŽাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒ্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻ āϏāĻŽā§° āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āĻাāϝ়āĻ, āϏāĻ্āĻীāϤāĻাā§°, āĻāĻŦি āύিā§°্āĻŽাāϤা āĻā§°ু āĻিāϤāĻā§° āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ ⧧⧝⧝⧍ āĻāύāϤ āĻĻাāĻĻা āĻাāĻšেāĻŦ āĻĢাāϞ্āĻে āĻŦঁāĻা āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ। ā§Ģ āĻ¨ā§ąেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§° ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āĻāύāϤ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻš'āϞ। āĻĄāĻ্āϤ⧰ āĻূāĻĒেāύ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻাā§° āĻŽā§°āĻŖোāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻাāϞāϤ āϤেāĻঁāĻ āĻাā§°āϤ ā§°āϤ্āύ ā§°ে āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύিāϤ āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
*Now look at the following questions and their answers:
āĻāϤিāϝ়া āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻā§°ু āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻোā§ąা:
1) Who was Dr. Bhupen Hazarika?
āĻĄāĻ্āϤ⧰ āĻূāĻĒেāύ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻোāύ āĻāĻিāϞ?
Ans: Dr. Bhupen Hazarika was a famous singer, musician, film maker and lyricist of Assam.
āĻĄāĻ্āϤ⧰ āĻূāĻĒেāύ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻ āϏāĻŽā§° āĻāĻāύ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āĻাāϝ়āĻ, āϏāĻ্āĻীāϤāĻাā§°, āĻāĻŦি āύিā§°্āĻŽাāϤা āĻā§°ু āĻিāϤāĻā§° āĻāĻিāϞ।
2) When was he born?
āϤেāĻেāϤ⧰ āĻāύ্āĻŽ āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ?
Ans: He was born on 8 September, 1926.
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāύ্āĻŽ ā§Ž āĻেāĻĒ্āĻেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§°, ⧧⧝⧍ā§Ŧ āĻāύāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
3) Where was he born?
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāύ্āĻŽ āĻ'āϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ?
Ans: He was born in Sadiya.
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāύ্āĻŽ āĻļāĻĻিāϝ়াāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
4) What was the name of his father?
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻি āĻāĻিāϞ?
Ans: The name of his father was Nilakanta Hazarika.
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āύীāϞāĻাāύ্āϤ āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻāĻিāϞ।
5) What was the name of his mother?
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻি āĻāĻিāϞ?
Ans: The name of his mother was Shantipriya Hazarika.
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒ্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻšাāĻā§°িāĻা āĻāĻিāϞ।
6) When did he receive the Dada Saheb Phalke award?
āϤেāĻঁ āĻĻাāĻĻা āĻাāĻšেāĻŦ āĻĢাāϞ্āĻে āĻŦঁāĻা āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ?
Ans: He received the Dada Saheb Phalke award in 1992.
āϤেāĻঁ āĻĻাāĻĻা āĻাāĻšেāĻŦ āĻĢাāϞ্āĻে āĻŦঁāĻা ⧧⧝⧝⧍ āĻāύāϤ āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ।
7) When did he die?
āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻেāϤিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ?
Ans: He died on 5 November 2011.
āϤেāĻঁā§° 5 āĻ¨ā§ąেāĻŽ্āĻŦā§° ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āϤ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
8)Given below is a paragraph on Gautam Buddha. Read the pa ragraph and frame as many questions as you can on the basis of it.
āϤāϞāϤ āĻৌāϤāĻŽ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧ ā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻāĻে। āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻো āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āϤাā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻিāϤ্āϤি āĻā§°ি āϝিāĻŽাāύ āĻĒাā§°ি āϏিāĻŽাāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻŦāύোā§ąা।
Gautam Buddha was born in 563 BC in Lumbini. His father's name was Suddhodhana and his mother's name was Mayadevi. Another name of Gautam Buddha was Siddhartha. The religion Buddhism was founded on his teachings. He is also called Sakyamuni. He died in 483 BC in Kushinagar.
Lumbini: a buddhist pilgrimage site in the Rupandehi district of Nepal.
Kushinagar: a pilgrimage town in Uttarpradesh.
āĻৌāϤāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧ⧰ āĻāύ্āĻŽ ā§Ģā§Ŧā§Š āĻৃāώ্āĻāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦাāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āϞুāĻŽ্āĻŦিāύিāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻļুāĻĻ্āĻĻুāϧāύ āĻā§°ু āĻŽাāĻā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻŽাā§া āĻĻেā§ąী āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻৌāϤāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧ⧰ āĻāύ āĻāĻা āύাāĻŽ āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাā§°্āĻĨ āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧ āϧ⧰্āĻŽ āĻো āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻŖā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒিāϤ āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāĻ āĻļāĻ্āϝāĻŽুāύি āĻŦুāϞিāĻ āĻোā§ąা āϝাāϝ়। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু ā§Ēā§Žā§Š āĻৃāώ্āĻāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦাāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻুāĻļিāύāĻā§°āϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।
āϞুāĻŽ্āĻŦিāύি: āύেāĻĒাāϞ⧰ ā§°ুāĻĒāύ্āĻĻেāĻšি āĻিāϞাā§° āĻāĻ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧ āϤীā§°্āĻĨ āϏ্āĻĨāϞ।
āĻুāĻļিāύāĻā§°: āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻāĻ āϤীā§°্āĻĨ āĻāĻšā§°।
Mayuri Saikia
M.A in English
Check By- Mukesh Borah
Post ID : DABP002827