Chapter: 4
Albert Einstein at School
1. What do you understand of Einstein's nature form his conversations with his history teacher his mathematics teacher and the head teacher ?
āĻāĻāύāώ্āĻাāĻāύ⧰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻাā§ąā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻি āĻŦুāĻি āĻĒাāϝ় āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāϤিāĻšাāϏ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻŖিāϤ⧰ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻšোā§ąা āĻāĻĨা-āĻŦāϤ⧰াā§° āĻĒā§°া ?
Answer: Exchanges between Einstein and History teacher show that Einstein is honest and truthful. He admits his shortcomings frankly. He has firm and well-defined opinions. He explains precisely what he thinks. Thus his basic intelligence, logical reasoning and lucid expression are highlighted. He showed the sparks of genius even at a young age. His maths teacher had a high opinion of him. He went to the extent of saying: “I can’t teach you more, and probably you’ll soon be able to teach me.” When Albert said that it was excessive praise, the teacher acknowledged that it was only the truth. He made the point by saying that Albert was ready immediately to enter a college or institute for the study of higher mathematics. Albert himself said, “I’ve learnt all the maths, they teach at school and a bit more.”
The head teacher told Albert that he was expelling him from school because his presence in the classroom made it impossible for the teacher to teach and other pupils to learn. No serious work could be done while he was in the class. Albert refused to learn and he was” in constant rebellion.
For a moment Albert felt tempted to tell the head teacher what he thought of him and his school. Then he stopped himself. He didn’t say even a single word. Holding his head high, he went out with a sense of pride. Thus, he had a lot of self control. Albert was not at all impolite. He addressed his teachers respectfully and answered the questions honestly.
āĻāĻāύāώ্āĻাāĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻāϤিāĻšাāϏ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻā§° āĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āĻāĻĻাāύ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāϝ় āϝে āĻāĻāύāώ্āĻাāĻāύ āϏ⧠āĻā§°ু āϏāϤ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻী। āϤেāĻঁ āύিāĻā§° āĻ āĻাā§ąāĻŦোā§° āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻে āϏ্āĻŦীāĻাā§° āĻā§°ে। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĻৃāĻĸ় āĻā§°ু āϏুāύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āĻāĻে। āϤেāĻঁ āĻি āĻাāĻŦে āϏেāĻ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϏāĻ িāĻāĻাā§ąে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে। āĻāĻāĻĻā§°ে āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧিāĻŽāϤ্āϤা, āϝুāĻ্āϤিāϏংāĻāϤ āϝুāĻ্āϤি āĻā§°ু āϏুāϏ্āĻĒāώ্āĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļāĻংāĻীāĻ āĻāĻ্āĻ্āĻŦāϞ āĻā§°ি āϤোāϞা āĻšৈāĻে। āϏ⧰ু āĻŦāϝ়āϏāϤো āϤেāĻঁ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻাā§° āϏ্āĻĢুāϞিংāĻ āĻĻেāĻুā§ąাāĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻŖিāϤ⧰ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻā§° āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻ্āĻ āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻāĻিāύিāϞৈāĻে āĻৈāĻিāϞ āϝে: “āĻŽāĻ āϤোāĻŽাāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻļিāĻাāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ো, āĻā§°ু āĻšāϝ়āϤো āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽোāĻ āĻ āϤি āϏোāύāĻাāϞে āĻļিāĻাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦা।” āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻে āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻ’āϞে āϝে āĻ āĻ āϤ্āϝāϧিāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļংāϏা, āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻে āϏ্āĻŦীāĻাā§° āĻā§°িāϞে āϝে āϏেāϝ়া āĻেā§ąāϞ āϏāϤ্āϝ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻĨাāĻো āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻā§°ি āĻāϝ় āϝে āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻ āĻāĻ্āĻ āĻāĻŖিāϤ āĻ āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϞেāĻ āĻŦা āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ াāύāϤ āĻā§°্āϤি āĻš’āĻŦāϞৈ āϤā§āĻ্āώāĻŖাāϤ āϏাāĻু āĻšৈ āĻāĻ িāĻে। āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻে āύিāĻেāĻ āĻৈāĻিāϞ, “āĻŽāĻ āϏāĻāϞো āĻāĻŖিāϤ āĻļিāĻিāĻো, āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়াāϝ় āĻā§°ু āĻ āϞāĻĒ āĻŦেāĻি।”
āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻে āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻāĻ āĻ’āϞে āϝে āϤেāĻঁ āϤেāĻঁāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāĻšিāώ্āĻাā§° āĻā§°িāĻে āĻাā§°āĻŖ āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāĻোāĻ াāϤ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻāĻāύে āĻĒāĻĸ়োā§ąাāĻো āĻā§°ু āĻāύ āĻাāϤ্ā§°-āĻাāϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻāϞে āĻļিāĻিāĻŦ āĻĒā§°াāĻো āĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻā§ą āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻ্āϞাāĻāϤ āĻĨāĻাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻোāύো āĻুā§°ুāϤ⧰ āĻাāĻŽ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āύāĻ’āϞ। āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻে āĻļিāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻাā§° āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻিāϞ” āĻ āĻšā§°āĻš āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻšāϤ।
āĻ্āώāύ্āϤেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻে āĻĒ্ā§°āϞোāĻāύ āĻ āύুāĻā§ą āĻā§°িāϞে āϝে āϤেāĻঁ āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁā§° āϏ্āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻি āĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻāĻāύāĻ āĻ’āĻŦāϞৈ। āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āϤেāĻঁ āύিāĻāĻে ā§°āĻাāĻ āĻĻিāϞে। āĻāĻা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻ āύāĻ’āϞে৷ āĻŽূā§°āĻো āĻāĻĒā§°āϞৈ āϤুāϞি āϞৈ āϏি āĻৌā§°ā§ąā§° āĻাāĻŦ āĻāĻা āϞৈ āĻāϞাāĻ āĻ’āϞ। āĻāĻāĻĻā§°ে āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŦāĻšুāϤ āĻāϤ্āĻŽāύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻ āĻāĻেāĻŦাā§°েāĻ āĻ āĻāĻĻ্ā§° āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻāϏāĻāϞāĻ āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āĻāύাāĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻŦোāϧāύ āĻā§°ি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ⧰ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āϏāϤāϤাā§°ে āĻĻিāĻিāϞ।
2. The School system often curbs individual talents Discuss.
āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ় āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ়ে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻাāĻ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ে āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻā§°āĻ
Answer:
Albert Einstein’s miserable five years’ stay at school is a telling comment on the system of education prevailing then and existing even now. This system of education has no room for individual aspirations, brilliance or aptitude. It discourages genius and originality and encourages mechanical dullards or the so called ‘average’ students. This system lays stress on facts and dates rather than ideas. It ignores originality and creativity, which lead to progress and development.
No wonder then that most of the students manage to pass the examination by cramming—learning things by heart and repeating it in the exams. This parrot like learning or learning without understanding may help to get the diploma but fails to enrich the mind or inculcate ideas.
The teachers and authorities insist on discipline and conformity. The history teacher and the Head teacher are sticklers for rules, pedagogy and discipline. Brilliant students like Albert Einstein are considered dullard, stupid, incompetent, unfit rebels whose very presence makes it impossible for teacher to teach and other pupils to learn.
āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻ āĻāĻāύāώ্āĻাāĻāύ⧰ āĻĻুāĻীāϝ়া āĻĒাঁāĻ āĻŦāĻā§°ীāϝ়া āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āĻĨāĻাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻিāύি āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻāϞিāϤ āĻā§°ু āĻāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝāĻŽাāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻ āĻ’āĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ। āĻāĻ āĻļিāĻ্āώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ āĻāĻাংāĻ্āώা, āĻŽেāϧা āĻŦা āϝোāĻ্āϝāϤাā§° āĻোāύো āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āύাāĻ। āĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻা āĻā§°ু āĻŽৌāϞিāĻāϤাāĻ āύিā§°ুā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻā§°ে āĻā§°ু āϝাāύ্āϤ্ā§°িāĻ āĻĄাāϞাā§°্āĻĄ āĻŦা āϤāĻĨাāĻāĻĨিāϤ ‘āĻāĻĄ়’ āĻাāϤ্ā§°-āĻাāϤ্ā§°ীāĻ āĻā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻā§°ে। āĻāĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϤāĻৈ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻā§°ু āϤাā§°িāĻā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻā§°োāĻĒ āĻā§°ে। āĻ āĻŽৌāϞিāĻāϤা āĻā§°ু āϏৃāώ্āĻিāĻļীāϞāϤাāĻ āĻāĻāĻাāĻŖ āĻā§°ে, āϝিāϝ়ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻāϤি āĻā§°ু āĻŦিāĻাāĻļā§° āĻĻিāĻļāϤ āĻāĻāĻŦাāĻĸ়ি āϝাāϝ়।
āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻā§°িāϤ āύāĻšāϝ় āϝে āĻŦেāĻিāĻাāĻ āĻাāϤ্ā§°āĻ āĻ্ā§°াāĻŽ āĻā§°ি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώাāϤ āĻāϤ্āϤীā§°্āĻŖ āĻš’āĻŦāϞৈ āϏāĻ্āώāĻŽ āĻšāϝ়— āĻāĻĨাāĻŦোā§° āĻŽুāĻāϏ্āĻĨ āĻā§°ি āĻļিāĻি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώাāϤ āĻāĻā§°াāĻ। āĻāĻ āĻāĻĒৌāĻোā§ąে āĻļিāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦা āĻŦুāĻি āύোāĻĒোā§ąাāĻৈ āĻļিāĻিāϞে āĻšāϝ়āϤো āĻĄিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŽা āĻĒোā§ąাāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŽāύāĻোāĻ āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧ āĻā§°াāϤ āĻŦা āϧাā§°āĻŖাā§° āĻŦীāĻ āϏিঁāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦ্āϝ⧰্āĻĨ āĻšāϝ়।
āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻā§°্āϤৃāĻĒāĻ্āώāĻ āĻ āύুāĻļাāϏāύ āĻā§°ু āĻ āύুāĻূāϞāϤাā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻোā§° āĻĻিāϝ়ে। āĻāϤিāĻšাāϏ⧰ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻāĻāύ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ, āĻļিāĻ্āώাāĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ āĻā§°ু āĻ āύুāĻļাāϏāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āώ্āĻিāĻ। āĻāϞāĻŦাā§°্āĻ āĻāĻāύāώ্āĻাāĻāύ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āĻŽেāϧাā§ąী āĻাāϤ্ā§°-āĻাāϤ্ā§°ীāĻ āύিāϏ্āϤেāĻ, āĻŽূā§°্āĻ, āĻ āϝোāĻ্āϝ, āĻ āϝোāĻ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻšী āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻŖ্āϝ āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়, āϝাā§° āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦেāĻ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻে āĻĒāĻĸ়োā§ąা āĻā§°ু āĻāύ āĻাāϤ্ā§°-āĻাāϤ্ā§°ীāϝ়ে āĻļিāĻিāĻŦ āĻĒā§°াāĻো āĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻā§ą āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°ে।
3. How do you distinguish between information gathering and insight formation ?
āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϏংāĻ্ā§°āĻš āĻā§°ু āĻ āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻĻৃāώ্āĻি āĻāĻ āύ⧰ āĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻেāύেāĻৈ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ āĻā§°ে ?
Answer:
Learning the dates of battles or the details about victorious armies are facts. These details are part of knowledge which are content-based. There is no point in spending precious years of student life on information gathering because dates or facts could be ascertained from the books any time by just looking them up. Learning facts or parrot-like learning i.e., learning without understanding is what we call information gathering.
Analysing the facts, ascertaining the causes that led to a certain incident such as an uprising or a war and learning the ideas that spring from such actions are part of insight information. It gives us a clear perception into the true nature of a thing. Such knowledge increases our logical reasoning, power of analysis interpretation and understanding and makes us think.
āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ⧰ āϤাā§°িāĻ āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻāϝ়ী āϏেāύাāĻŦাāĻšিāύীā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϏāĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻাāύিāĻŦ āĻĒā§°াāĻো āϤāĻĨ্āϝ। āĻāĻ āĻŦিā§ąā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻ্āĻাāύ⧰ āĻ ংāĻļ āϝিāĻŦোā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻিāϤ্āϤিāĻ। āĻাāϤ্ā§° āĻীā§ąāύ⧰ āĻŦāĻšুāĻŽূāϞীāϝ়া āĻŦāĻā§° āĻŦāĻā§° āϧ⧰ি āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϏংāĻ্ā§°āĻšā§° āĻাāĻŽ āĻā§°ি āϞাāĻ āύাāĻ āĻাā§°āĻŖ āĻিāϤাāĻĒāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϝিāĻোāύো āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤে āϤাā§°িāĻ āĻŦা āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻŦিāĻাā§°িāϞেāĻ āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āĻ’āϞ। āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻļিāĻা āĻŦা āĻāĻĒৌā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻ ā§°্āĻĨাā§ āĻŦুāĻি āύোāĻĒোā§ąাāĻৈ āĻļিāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻŽি āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϏংāĻ্ā§°āĻš āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻঁ।
āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻā§°া, āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻš āĻŦা āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āĻোāύো āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻাāĻŖ্āĻĄā§° āĻাā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āĻā§°া āĻā§°ু āĻāύে āĻাā§°্āϝ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻĻ্āĻā§ą āĻšোā§ąা āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻļিāĻিāĻŦ āĻĒā§°াāĻো āĻ āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিā§° āϤāĻĨ্āϝ⧰ āĻ ংāĻļ। āĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻোāύো āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻৃāϤ āϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒā§° āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āĻ āϧাā§°āĻŖা āĻĻিāϝ়ে। āĻāύে āĻ্āĻাāύে āĻāĻŽাā§° āϝুāĻ্āϤিāĻŦাāĻĻী āϝুāĻ্āϤি, āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖā§° āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ্āϝা āĻā§°ু āĻŦুāĻাāĻŦুāĻিā§° āĻļāĻ্āϤি āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻā§°ে āĻā§°ু āĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻিāύ্āϤা āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ āĻā§°ে।
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(āϏāĻāϞো āĻĒাāĻ ā§° Paid āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻŦোā§° āĻাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ)
Check by - Mukesh Borah