Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
( āĻূāĻŽি, āĻŽাāĻি, āĻĒাāύী, āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻৃāϤিāĻ āĻāĻ-āĻāĻāύি āĻā§°ু āĻŦāύ্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ)
1) Answer the following question.
āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻিāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻোā§° āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ।
(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?
āĻŽাāĻি āĻāĻ āύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻুāĻা āĻŽুāĻ্āϝ āĻāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻাā§°āĻ āĻোāύāĻŦোā§° āĻĻাāϝ়ী
Ans:- The two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation are-
i) 'Temperature
ii) Rainfall
āĻŽাāĻি āĻāĻ āύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āĻĻুāĻা āĻŽুāĻ্āϝ āĻāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻাā§°āĻ āĻšৈāĻে-
āĻ) 'āϤাāĻĒāĻŽাāϤ্ā§°া।
āĻ) āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ।
(ii) Write any two reasons for land degradation today?
( āĻāĻি āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻ ā§ąāĻ্āώāϝ়ā§° āĻোāύো āĻĻুāĻা āĻাā§°āĻŖ āϞিāĻāĻ? )
Ans:- The two reason for land degradation are -
āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻ ā§ąāĻ্āώāϝ়ā§° āĻĻুāĻা āĻাā§°āĻŖ āĻšৈāĻে -
i) Land degradation today the vast changes in the land use patterns also reflect the cultural changes in our society. '
āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻ ā§ąāĻ্āώāϝ় āĻāĻি āĻূāĻŽি āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύāĻŦোā§°ে āĻāĻŽাā§° āϏāĻŽাāĻā§° āϏাংāϏ্āĻৃāϤিāĻ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύāĻŦোā§°ো āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻā§°ে।
ii) Land degradation, landslides, soil erosion, desertification, are the major threats of land degradation.
āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻ ā§ąāĻ্āώāϝ়, āĻূāĻŽিāϏ্āĻāϞāύ, āĻŽাāĻি āĻāĻšāύীāϝ়া, āĻŽā§°ুāĻূāĻŽিāĻā§°āĻŖ āĻšৈāĻে āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻ ā§ąāĻ্āώāϝ়ā§° āĻŽুāĻ্āϝ āĻাāĻŦুāĻি।
(iii) Why is land considered an important resources?
āĻূāĻŽিāĻ āĻিāϝ় āĻāĻ āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻŖ্āϝ āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়?
Ans:- Land is considered as a important resources because land is among 'the most important natural resources. it covers only about thirty percent of the total area of the earth's surface and all part of this small percentage are not habitable. The uneven distribution of population in different parts of the worlds is mainly due to varied characteristics of land and climate. Plains and river valleys offer suitable land for agriculture. Hence, these are the densely populated areas of the world.
āĻূāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻ āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻāĻŖ্āϝ āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ় āĻিāϝ়āύো āĻূāĻŽি 'āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻৃāϤিāĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻিāϤ⧰āϤ āĻāĻে। āĻ āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ ā§° āĻŽুāĻ āĻāϞেāĻাā§° āĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āϤ্ā§°িāĻļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻā§ąā§°ি āĻāĻে āĻā§°ু āĻāĻ āϏ⧰ু āĻļāϤাংāĻļā§° āϏāĻāϞো āĻ ংāĻļ āĻŦাāϏāϝোāĻ্āϝ āύāĻšāϝ়। āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻĒ্ā§°াāύ্āϤāϤ āĻāύāϏংāĻ্āϝাā§° āĻ āϏāĻŽ āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖ āĻŽুāĻ্āϝāϤঃ āĻূāĻŽি āĻā§°ু āĻāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ুā§° āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻšāϝ়। āϏāĻŽāĻূāĻŽি āĻā§°ু āύāĻĻী āĻāĻĒāϤ্āϝāĻাāĻŦোā§°ে āĻৃāώিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻূāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āĻā§°ে। āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে, āĻāĻāĻŦোā§° āĻšৈāĻে āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻāύ āĻŦāϏāϤিāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻ āĻ্āĻāϞ।
(iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.
āĻāĻĻ্āĻিāĻĻ āĻā§°ু āĻীā§ą-āĻāύ্āϤু āϏংā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻā§°āĻাā§°ে āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°া āϝিāĻোāύো āĻĻুāĻা āĻĒāĻĻāĻ্āώেāĻĒā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ।
Ans:- The two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals are -
i) It has set up national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves for the protection of natural vegetation and wildlife
ii) It has been banded the killing of animals and cut the trees.
i) āĻ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻৃāϤিāĻ āĻāĻĻ্āĻিāĻĻ āĻā§°ু āĻŦāύ্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖীā§° āϏুā§°āĻ্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে ā§°াāώ্āĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āĻāĻĻ্āϝাāύ, āĻŦāύ্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āĻ āĻāϝ়াā§°āĻŖ্āϝ āĻā§°ু āĻৈā§ąāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞāϏংā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāĻে
ii) āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻāύ্āϤুāĻšāϤ্āϝা āĻā§°ু āĻāĻ āĻাāĻি āĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻে।
(v) Suggest three way to conserve water.
(v) āĻĒাāύী āϏংā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖā§° āϤিāύিāĻা āĻāĻĒাāϝ়ā§° āĻĒā§°াāĻŽā§°্āĻļ āĻĻিāϝ়া।
Ans:- The three way to conserve water are-
(i) Even though water is a renewable resources, its overuse and pollution make it unfit for use.
(ii) Water harvesting is another method to save surface runoff.
(iii) The valuable water resources can therefore be conserved by adopting these means of irrigation.
i) āϝāĻĻিāĻ āĻĒাāύী āĻšৈāĻে āĻāĻ āĻ¨ā§ąীāĻā§°āĻŖāϝোāĻ্āϝ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ, āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻ āϤ্āϝাāϧিāĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖে āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ āϝোāĻ্āϝ āĻā§°ি āϤোāϞে।
ii) āĻĒাāύী āϏংāĻ্ā§°āĻš āĻšৈāĻে āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦাāĻš ā§°āĻ্āώা āĻā§°াā§° āĻāύ āĻāĻা āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি।
iii) āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āĻāϞāϏিāĻ্āĻāύ⧰ āĻāĻ āĻāĻĒাāϝ়āĻŦোā§° āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°ি āĻŽূāϞ্āĻ¯ā§ąাāύ āĻāϞāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϏংā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।
2) Tick the correct answer.
āϏāĻ িāĻ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻো āĻিāĻ āĻā§°āĻ।
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factors of soil formation?
āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻিāϤ āĻোāύāĻো āĻŽাāĻি āĻāĻ āύ⧰ āĻাā§°āĻ āύāĻšāϝ়?
a) Time ( āϏāĻŽāϝ় )
b) soil texture ( āĻŽাāĻিā§° āĻাঁāĻĨāύি )
c) organic matter (āĻৈā§ąিāĻ āĻĒāĻĻাā§°্āĻĨ )
Ans :- b) soil texture ( āĻŽাāĻিā§° āĻাঁāĻĨāύি )
(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
āϤীāĻŦ্ā§° āĻĸাāϞāϤ āĻŽাāĻিā§° āĻāĻšāύীāϝ়া āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻিāϤ āĻোāύāĻো āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ?
a) Shelters belts ( āĻāĻļ্ā§°āϝ় āĻŦেāϞ্āĻ)
b) Mulching ( āĻŽাāϞāĻিং )
c) Terrace cultivation (āĻেā§°েāĻ āĻেāϤি )
Ans:- c) Terrace cultivation āĻেā§°েāĻ āĻেāϤি
(iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favor of the conservation of the of nature?
āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻিāϤ āĻোāύāĻো āĻĒ্ā§°āĻৃāϤিā§° āϏংā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖā§° āĻĒāĻ্āώāĻĒাāϤী āύāĻšāϝ়?
a) Switch off the bulb when not in use ( āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āύāĻš'āϞে āĻŦাāϞ্āĻŦāĻো āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻā§°āĻ )
b) Close the tap immediately after using( āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°াā§° āϞāĻে āϞāĻে āĻেāĻĒāĻো āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻā§°āĻ )
c) Dispose polypacks after shopping (āĻŦāĻাā§° āĻā§°াā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻĄি āϝ়ে āĻĒāϞিāĻĒেāĻ āĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻĒāĻ āĻā§°ে )
Ans:- Dispose polypacks after shopping ( āĻŦāĻাā§° āĻā§°াā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻĄি āϝ়ে āĻĒāϞিāĻĒেāĻ āĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻĒāĻ āĻā§°ে।)
3. Match the followings:
i) Land use => (c) productive use of land
āĻূāĻŽি āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° => āĻূāĻŽিā§° āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°
ii) Humus => (d) organic matter deposited on top soil
āĻšুāĻŽাāĻ => āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻŽাāĻিāϤ āĻāĻŽা āĻā§°া āĻৈā§ąিāĻ āĻĒāĻĻাā§°্āĻĨ
iii) Rocks dams => (a) prevent soil erosion
āĻļিāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāύ্āϧ => āĻŽাāĻিāĻāĻšāύীāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিā§°োāϧ āĻā§°āĻ
iv) Biosphere => (b) narrow zone of control between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
āĻৈā§ąāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ => āϞিāĻĨোāϏ্āĻĢিāϝ়াā§°, āĻāϞāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ āĻā§°ু āĻŦাāϝ়ুāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞ⧰ āĻŽাāĻāϤ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖā§° āϏংāĻীā§°্āĻŖ āĻ্āώেāϤ্ā§°
(e) contour ploughing.
āĻāĻŖ্āĻৌā§° āĻšাāϞ।
4. State whether the given statement is true or false.
āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻāϤ্āϤ āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤিāĻো āϏঁāĻা āύে āĻŽিāĻা āϏেāϝ়া āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻā§°āĻ।
(i) Ganga-Brahmaputra plains of India is an overpopulated region.
āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻংāĻা-āĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽāĻĒুāϤ্ā§° āϏāĻŽāĻূāĻŽি āĻšৈāĻে āĻāĻ āĻ āϤ্āϝাāϧিāĻ āĻāύāĻŦāϏāϤিāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻ āĻ্āĻāϞ।
Ans:- True .
āϏঁāĻা।
(ii) Water availability per person in India is declining.
āĻাā§°āϤāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻāĻĒāϞāĻŦ্āϧāϤা āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻĒাāĻāĻে।
Ans:- True.
āϏঁāĻা।
(iii) Rows of tress planted in the costal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.
āĻŦāϤাāĻšā§° āĻāϞাāĻāϞ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώা āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ়āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻāϞেāĻাāϤ ā§°োāĻĒāĻŖ āĻā§°া āĻ্ā§°েāĻā§° āĻļাā§°ীāĻŦোā§°āĻ āĻāύ্āϤঃāĻļāϏ্āϝ āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।
Ans:- False
āĻŽিāĻা।
(iv) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.
Ans:- False
āĻŽিāĻা।
BY ALAKESH MAHANTA (ASSAM
Post ID: DABP001782