Chapter - 3 

Metals And Non-Metals 

āϧাāϤু āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϧাāϤু

EXERCISES

āĻŦ্⧟া⧟াāĻŽ 

1. Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?

1. āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ•োāύāϟো āϝোā§°াāχ āĻŦিāϚ্āϝুāϤি āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻĻিāĻŦ?

(a) NaCl solution and copper metal

(āĻ•) NaCl āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ą āφ⧰ু āϤাāĻŽā§° āϧাāϤু

(b) MgCl2, solution and aluminium metal

(āĻ–) MgCl2, āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ąāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āĻāϞুāĻŽিāύিāϝ়াāĻŽ āϧাāϤু

(c) FeSO 4, solution and silver metal

(āĻ—) FeSO 4, āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ąāĻŖ āφ⧰ু ā§°ূāĻĒাāϞী āϧাāϤু

(d) AgNO3, solution and copper metal. 

(āϘ) AgNO3, āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ąāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āϤাāĻŽā§° āϧাāϤু।

Answer:-

2. Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?

⧍) āϞোāĻšাā§° āĻĢ্ā§°াāχ āĻĒেāύāϤ āĻŽā§°িāĻ›া āĻĒā§°াā§° āĻĒā§°া ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ•োāύāϟো āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āωāĻĒāϝোāĻ—ী?

(a) Applying grease

(āĻ•) āĻ—্āϰীāϜ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻ— āϕ⧰া

(b) Applying paint

(āĻ–) ā§°ং āϞāĻ—াāχ āĻĻিāϝ়া

(c) Applying a coating of zinc

(āĻ—) āϜিংāϕ⧰ āĻ†ā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻ— āϕ⧰া

(d) All of the above.

(āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°।

Answer;-

3. An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be

ā§Š) āĻāϟা āĻŽৌāϞে āĻ…āĻ•্āϏিāϜেāύ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤ āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়া āϕ⧰ি āωāϚ্āϚ āĻ—āϞāύাংāϕ⧰ āϝৌāĻ— āĻāϟা āĻĻিāϝ়ে। āĻāχ āϝৌāĻ—āϟো āĻĒাāύীāϤো āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ąীāĻ­ূāϤ। āĻŽৌāϞāϟো āĻšোā§ąাā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āφāĻ›ে

(a) calcium

(āĻ•) āĻ•েāϞāϚিāϝ়াāĻŽ

 (b) carbon

(āĻ–) āĻ•াā§°্āĻŦāύ

 (c) silicon

(āĻ—) āĻ›িāϞিāĻ•āύ

(d) iron.

(āϘ) āϞোāĻšা।

Answer:-

4. Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because

ā§Ē/ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻ•েāύāϤ āϟিāύ⧰ āĻ†ā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšāϝ় āφ⧰ু āϜিংāϕ⧰ āĻ†ā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া āύāĻšāϝ় āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ...

(a) zinc is costlier than tin.

(āĻ•) āϟিāύāϤāĻ•ৈ āϜিংāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāϝ়āĻŦāĻšুāϞ।

(b) zinc has a higher melting point than tin. 

(āĻ–) āϜিংāϕ⧰ āĻ—āϞāύাংāĻ• āϟিāύāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻŦেāĻ›ি।

(c) zinc is more reactive than tin.

(āĻ—) āϜিংāĻ• āϟিāύāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻļীāϞ।

(d) zinc is less reactive than tin.

(āϘ) āϜিংāĻ• āϟিāύāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻļীāϞ।

Answer:-

5. You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires and a switch.

ā§Ģ/ āφāĻĒোāύাāĻ• āĻāϟা āĻšাāϤুā§°ী, āĻāϟা āĻŦেāϟাā§°ী, āĻāϟা āĻŦাāϞ্āĻŦ, āϤাঁā§° āφ⧰ু āĻāϟা āϚুāχāϚ āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?

(āĻ•) āϧাāϤু āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϧাāϤুā§° āύāĻŽুāύাā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āφāĻĒুāύি āϏেāχāĻŦোā§° āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ?

Answer:-

(b) Assess the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals.

(āĻ–) āϧাāϤু āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϧাāϤুā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āϕ⧰াāϤ āĻāχ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āωāĻĒāϝোāĻ—িāϤা āĻŽূāϞ্āϝাāϝ়āύ āϕ⧰া।

Answer:-

6. What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

ā§Ŧ/ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĢোāϟেā§°িāĻ• āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ āĻ•ি āĻ•ি? āĻāĻŽ্āĻĢোāϟেā§°িāĻ• āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄā§° āĻĻুāϟা āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Answer:-

7. Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.

ā§­) āĻĻুāϟা āϧাāϤুā§° āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া āϝিāϝ়ে āĻĒাāϤāϞ āĻāϚিāĻĄā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻšাāχāĻĄ্ā§°āϜেāύāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨাāύāϚ্āϝুāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ, āφ⧰ু āĻĻুāϟা āϧাāϤুā§° āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া āϝিāϝ়ে āύāĻš’āĻŦ।

Answer:-

8. In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?

8. āĻāϟা āϧাāϤু M ā§° āχāϞেāĻ•্āϟ্ā§°’āϞাāχāϟিāĻ• ā§°িāĻĢাāχāύিāĻ™āϤ āφāĻĒুāύি āĻāύোāĻĄ, āĻ•েāĻĨ’āĻĄ āφ⧰ু āχāϞেāĻ•্āϟ্ā§°’āϞাāχāϟ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•ি āϞ’āĻŦ?

Answer:- 

9. Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by Inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below.

⧝) āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝুāώে āϏ্āĻĒেāϟুāϞাāϤ āϚাāϞāĻĢাā§° āĻ—ুāĻĄ়ি āϞৈ āĻ—ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰িāϞে। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϤāϞ⧰ āϚিāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻĻেāĻ–ুāĻ“ā§ąাā§° āĻĻā§°ে āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāϟা āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āύāϞী āĻ“āϞোāϟা āϕ⧰ি āĻŦিāĻ•āĻļিāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āĻ—েāĻ›āϟো āϏংāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।

(a) What will be the action of gas on 

(āĻ•) āĻ—েāϛ⧰ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়া āĻ•ি āĻš’āĻŦ

      (i) dry litmus paper? 

      (i) āĻļুāĻ•াāύ āϞিāϟāĻŽাāĻ› āĻ•াāĻ—āϜ?

      (ii) moist litmus paper?

     (ii) āφ⧰্āĻĻ্ā§° āϞিāϟāĻŽাāĻ› āĻ•াāĻ—āϜ?

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.

(āĻ–) āϏংāϘāϟিāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāϟোā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϟা āϏুāώāĻŽ ā§°াāϏাāϝ়āύিāĻ• āϏāĻŽীāϕ⧰āĻŖ āϞিāĻ–া।

Answer:-

10. State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.

ā§§ā§Ļ) āϞোāĻšাā§° āĻŽā§°িāĻ›া āĻĒā§°া ā§°োāϧ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĻুāϟা āωāĻĒাāϝ় āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া।

Answer:-

11. What type of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?

ā§§ā§§) āĻ…āϧাāϤুāĻŦোā§° āĻ…āĻ•্āϏিāϜেāύ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤ āĻŽিāϞিāϞে āĻ•ি āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻšāϝ়?

Answer:-

12. Give reasons

⧧⧍) āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া

(a) Platinum, gold and silver are used to make jewellery.

(āĻ•) āĻ—āĻšāύা āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒ্āϞেāϟিāύাāĻŽ, āϏোāĻŖ āφ⧰ু ā§°ূāĻĒ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।

Answer:-

(b) Sodium, potassium and lithium are stored under oil.

(āĻ–) āĻ›āĻĄিāϝ়াāĻŽ, āĻĒāϟাāĻ›িāϝ়াāĻŽ āφ⧰ু āϞিāĻĨিāϝ়াāĻŽ āϤেāϞ⧰ āϤāϞāϤ āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।

Answer:-

(c) Aluminium is a highly reactive metal, yet it is used to make utensils for cooking.

(āĻ—) āĻāϞুāĻŽিāύিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻāϟা āĻ…āϤি āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻļীāϞ āϧাāϤু, āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āχāϝ়াāĻ• ā§°āύ্āϧা-āĻŦāĻĸ়াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦাāϚāύ-āĻŦā§°্āϤāύ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰াāϤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়।

Answer:-

(d) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction.

(āϘ) āύিāώ্āĻ•াāĻļāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āĻ•াā§°্āĻŦāύেāϟ āφ⧰ু āĻ›াāϞāĻĢাāχāĻĄ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄāϞৈ ā§°ূāĻĒাāύ্āϤ⧰িāϤ āĻšāϝ়।

Answer:-

13. You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels.

ā§§ā§Š) āĻ•āϞংāĻ•িāϤ āϤাāĻŽā§° āĻĒাāϤ্ā§°āĻŦোā§° āύেāĻŽু āĻŦা āĻ…āĻŽিāϤাā§° ā§°āϏেā§°ে āĻĒā§°িāώ্āĻ•াā§° āϕ⧰া āĻĻেāĻ–িāĻ›ে āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়। āĻĒাāϤ্ā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻĒā§°িāώ্āĻ•াā§° āϕ⧰াāϤ āĻāχ āϟেāĻ™া āĻĒāĻĻাā§°্āĻĨāĻŦোā§° āĻ•িāϝ় āĻĢāϞāĻĒ্ā§°āϏূ āĻšāϝ় āĻŦুāϜাāχ āĻĻিāϝ়া।

Answer:-

14. Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.

ā§§ā§Ē) āϧাāϤু āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϧাāϤুā§° ā§°াāϏাāϝ়āύিāĻ• āϧ⧰্āĻŽā§° āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϕ⧰া।

Answer:-

15. A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. He promised to bring back the glitter of old and dull gold ornaments. An unsuspecting lady gave a set of gold bangles to him which he dipped in a particular solution. The bangles sparkled like new but their weight was reduced drastically. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used?

ā§§ā§Ģ) āĻāϜāύ āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āϏোāĻŖāĻ•াā§°ā§° ā§°ূāĻĒ āϞৈ āĻĻুā§ąাā§°ে āĻĻুā§ąাā§°ে āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ। āĻĒুā§°āĻŖি āφ⧰ু āύিāϏ্āϤেāϜ āϏোāĻŖā§° āĻ…āϞংāĻ•াā§°ā§° āϜিāϞিāĻ•āύি āϘূā§°াāχ āĻ…āύাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻļ্ā§°ুāϤি āĻĻিāϞে। āĻāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšāĻšীāύ āĻ­āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāχ āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϏোāĻŖā§° āĻŦেংāĻ—āϞ⧰ āϚেāϟ āĻāϟা āĻĻিāϞে āϝিāϟো āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāϟা āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύāϤ āĻĄুāĻŦাāχ āĻĻিāϞে। āĻŦেংāĻ—āϞāĻŦোā§° āύāϤুāύ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āϜিāϞিāĻ•ি āωāĻ িāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ“āϜāύ āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖে āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ। āĻ­āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āĻŦিāϚāϞিāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ…āϏাā§° āϤ⧰্āϕ⧰ āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻŽাāύুāĻšāϜāύে āĻ–ā§°āĻ–েāĻĻাāĻ•ৈ āĻĒিāĻ›ুā§ąাāχ āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ে। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āϜাāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ—োāϝ়েāύ্āĻĻাāϜāύ⧰ āϚ⧰িāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻ…āĻ­িāύāϝ় āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦāύে?

Answer:-

16. Give reasons why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).

ā§§ā§Ŧ) āϤীāĻ–া (āϞোā§° āĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖ) āύāĻšāϝ়, āĻ—ā§°āĻŽ āĻĒাāύীā§° āϟেংāĻ•ি āĻŦāύাāĻŦāϞৈ āϤাāĻŽ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰াā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻ•োā§ąা।

Answer:-


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