CHAPTER 6: Correlation

EXERCISES

1. The unit of correlation coefficient between height in feet and weight in kgs is

(i) kg/feet

(ii) percentage

(iii) non-existent

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2. The range of simple correlation coefficient is

(i) 0 to infinity

(ii) minus one to plus one

(iii) minus infinity to infinity

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3. If rxy is positive the relation between X and Y is of the type

(i) When Y increases X increases

(ii) When Y decreases X increases

(iii) When Y increases X does not change

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 4. If rxy = 0 the variable X and Y are

(i) linearly related

(ii) not linearly related

(iii) independent

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 5. Of the following three measures which can measure any type of relationship

(i) Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation

(ii) Spearman’s rank correlation

(iii) Scatter diagram

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 6. If precisely measured data are available the simple correlation coefficient is

(i) more accurate than rank correlation coefficient

(ii) less accurate than rank correlation coefficient

(iii) as accurate as the rank correlation coefficient

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 7. Why is r preferred to covariance as a measure of association?

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 8. Can r lie outside the –1 and 1 range depending on the type of data?

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 9. Does correlation imply causation?

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10. When is rank correlation more precise than simple correlation coefficient?

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11. Does zero correlation mean independence?

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12. Can simple correlation coefficient measure any type of relationship?

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13. Collect the price of five vegetables from your local market every day for a week. Calculate their correlation coefficients. Interpret the result.

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14. Measure the height of your classmates. Ask them the height of their benchmate. Calculate the correlation coefficient of these two variables. Interpret the result.

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15. List some variables where accurate measurement is difficult.

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16. Interpret the values of r as 1, –1 and 0.

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17. Why does rank correlation coefficient differ from Pearsonian correlation

coefficient?

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18. Calculate the correlation coefficient between the heights of fathers in

inches (X) and their sons (Y)

X 65 66 57 67 68 69 70 72

Y 67 56 65 68 72 72 69 71

(Ans. r = 0.603)

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19. Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y and comment on

their relationship:

X –3 –2 –1 1 2 3

Y 9 4 1 1 4 9

(Ans. r = 0)

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20. Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y and comment on

their relationship

X 1 3 4 5 7 8

Y 2 6 8 10 14 16

(Ans. r = 1)

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