Chapter 7

responsibilities and precautions

1. Name two natural disasters and two man-made disasters.

Answer:  Two natural disasters are earthquakes and floods. Two man-made disasters are industrial accidents and terrorist attacks.

2. What do you think are the reasons why Assam is suffering from various disasters?

Answer: 

3. Write down three reasons why India is plagued by various artificial disasters. 

Answer: 

4.The How can man-made disasters be mitigated? Write down three ways with your own thoughts.

Answer: 

5. List some measures that can be taken before and after a disaster.

Answer:  Some of the measures that can be taken before disasters are precautions, public awareness, forecasting, preparedness etc.

            Some of the measures that can be taken after a disaster are relief and rehabilitation, reconstruction of health services, roads, communications etc.

6. What are the main and real reasons for the increase in disasters over the past two decades?

Answer: 

7. In which year and where did the two largest earthquakes in the world occur?

Answer:  The two largest earthquakes in the world are the devastating earthquake in Gujarat on 26 January 2001 and 

8. What is the main reason for the frequent floods in Assam?

Answer: 

9. Write down five possible problems associated with earthquakes.

Answer:  The five possible problems associated with earthquakes are:

        1. 1. The devastating earthquake in Gujarat on 26 January 2001 exposed the weakness of the Government of India's disaster awareness and emergency response capabilities.

10. What are the functions and objectives of the Assam State Disaster Management Department?

Answer:  The function of the Assam State Disaster Management Department is to formulate the Disaster Management Rules in Assam in The Assam State Disaster Management Agency (ASDMA) was established centrally to deal with disasters in the state, raise public awareness and prepare post-disaster programs.

            Its main objectives are: (1) Planning

                                                    (2) Preparation

                                                    (3) Operation

                                                    (4) Co-ordination

                                                    (5) Community Participation.

11. The 2008 Guwahati serial blast was a category of disaster?

Answer:

12. Write a note on mining accidents in India.

Answer:  There are many mines in India. These mines have also suddenly experienced some unexpected disasters at various times. In March 1973, an explosion at the Nunidih mine killed 48 people. In July 1982, 16 people were killed when the roof collapsed at the Dhaupa mine. In December 1975, 375 people died in the floods at the Chasnala mine. Disasters bring unexpected suffering to our lives, but there is no reason to rely solely on fate. We have to take special measures for that. We cannot prevent natural disasters but we need citizen awareness and sense of responsibility to avoid them. This awareness and sense of responsibility of citizens is of particular benefit in disaster mitigation. Many people have died in mining accidents in India. Causes of accidents in mines include explosions, roof collapses, floods, fires, etc.

13. What are the other levels of disaster management? What measures can be taken at these levels?

Answer:  There are three levels of disaster management and they are: 

        (1) Before a disaster

        (2) In times of disaster

        (3) After a disaster

    The measures that can be taken at these levels are:

        (1) Before disasters - precautions, public awareness, forecasting, preparedness, etc.

        (2) In times of disaster - special measures, rescue operations etc. depending on the type of disaster.

     (3) Post-disaster relief and rehabilitation, reconstruction of health services, roads, communications etc.

14. Write about the five steps you should take as a student in disaster management.

Answer:

15. What not to do in a disaster?

Answer:  The steps not to be taken during a disaster are:

  • Don't be scared or upset.

  • Rescue operations should not begin until they are equipped with proper information and equipment.

  • Do not pull wood and bamboo from the debris, they may collapse again.

  • Do not move around carelessly to protect the victim from imminent danger.

  • Do not climb over debris or trash unless it is urgent  .

  • Do not touch electrical wires while current is running

  • Rescuers must not violate safety measures.

16. What is the understanding of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)?

Answer: A dedicated unit called the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is established to fight disasters . Its members  are drawn from the paramilitary forces. A total of eight battalions of NDRF were deployed in strategic locations. NDRF members are properly trained and prepared for chemical, biological, radioactive and nuclear emergencies. Deployed to assist local administration during natural disasters The National Institute for Disaster Management (NIDM) is a leading training institute in India.

17. What is Assam State Disaster Management Authority?

Answer:  Disaster Management Rules were enacted in Assam in Accordingly, the Assam State Disaster Management Agency was established centrally to deal with disasters in the state, raise public awareness in this regard and prepare proactive programs in the aftermath of disasters. It is currently headquartered at the State Secretariat, Guwahati. etc.

18. The city of Guwahati, the capital of Assam, is now  suffering from landslides. What do you think are the reasons for this? Mention some measures in your argument to prevent this landslide.

Answer: Guwahati, the capital city of Assam, is now severely affected by landslides. This is due to the construction of houses on hills and roads along rivers. In other words, such disasters are caused by various human activities.