Chapter 6
Idealism : Subjective & Objective
1. Define idealism.
Answer : The doctrine of the nature of the object of knowledge according to which the object of knowledge does not have an independent, mind-neutral existence and that the existence of all things depends on the mind is called idealism.
A doctrine that denies the neutral, independent, existence of the mind in the material world and argues that only the perception of the mind exists is called idealism. According to this doctrine, we cannot know the mind-neutral material world. The existence of the world depends on the perception of the mind. Nothing can exist outside the mind. Whenever I think something is outside the mind, I relate it to the mind. To relate to the mind means that it belongs to the mind. Therefore, nothing exists except the mind or the perception of the mind.
2. Who is the founder of idealism in Western philosophy?
Answer : The Greek philosopher Plato is considered to be the founder of idealism in Western philosophy.
3. Who said "existence is directly dependent"?
Answer : Berkeley said that "existence is directly dependent"
4. The How many types of prophecy and what are they?
Answer : There are two main types of idealism. That is 一
(i) subjective or subjective idealism and
(ii) Material idealism.
5. What is meant by subjective idealism?
Answer : According to subjective idealism, only concepts can be known or concepts have reality. The natural world does not exist independently of the mind of the observer. George Berkeley is known as the true spiritual prophet of the modern era of Western philosophy.
6. What is material idealism?
Answer : According to materialism, all things are the same as they are perceived. Right knowledge is the fabric of concepts. Unlike other forms of idealism, material idealism is monotheistic. This is because according to this doctrine, being is created only in the mind. Materialism holds that a cluster of minorities cannot exist independently of the mind.
