LASSON 1
Stealing and Atonement

Exercise
Comprehension 
1. Answer the following questions in single sentences from your text. 
(āĻāϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϤ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻি⧟া) 

a) At what age did Gandhi steal for the first time ? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ⧟āϏāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽāĻŦাā§° āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)
Ans: Gandhi stole for the first time at the age of twelve or thirteen.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻŦাā§°-āϤেā§° āĻŦāϛ⧰ āĻŦ⧟āϏāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


b) What did Gandhi steal gold from ? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ•’ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏোāĻŖ āϚুā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: Gandhi stole gold from his brother's armlet.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ•āĻ•া⧟েāϕ⧰ āĻŦাāĻšুāϤ āĻĒিāύ্āϧা āĻ…āϞংāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏোāĻŖ āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


c) To whom did Gandhi decide to confess ? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ•াāĻ• āϚিāĻ•াā§°োāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻি⧟াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞৈāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: Gandhi decided to confess to his father.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āύিāϜ⧰ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āϚিāĻ•াā§°োāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻি⧟াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞৈāĻ›িāϞ)


d) What did Gandhi write on the note to his father ? 
( āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āϞৈ āĻ•িāĻšā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϚিāĻ ি āϞিāĻ–িāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: Gandhi wrote his confession about stealing gold on the note and asked for his father's forgiveness.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āϞৈ āϞিāĻ–া āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏোāĻŖ āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰া āĻ•াā§°্āϝ⧰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϞিāĻ–ি āϤাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ)


e) Why was Gandhi's father confined to bed ? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ• āĻ•ি⧟ āĻļāϝ্āϝাāĻ—āϤ āĻšৈ āφāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: Gandhi's father was suffering from a fistula and thats why he was confined to bed.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ• āĻĢিāϚ্āϟুāϞা āύাāĻŽā§° ā§°োāĻ—āϤ āĻ­ূāĻ—ি āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻļāϝ্āϝাāĻ—āϤ āĻšৈ āφāĻ›িāϞ)


f) What was Gandhi's father's first reaction after reading the note ? 
(āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§াā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āĻ•েāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāχāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: The first reaction of Gandhi's father was tears came down to his cheeks after reading the note.
(āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§াā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āϚāĻ•ুāĻĒাāύী āĻŦৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ )


g) What did Gandhi think his father would do after reading the note ?
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§ি āĻ•ি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ›িāϞ?)
Ans: Gandhi had thought that his father  would be angry, say hard things, and strike his forehead after reading the note.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§ি āĻ–ং āωāĻ িāĻŦ,āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•āϕ⧰্āĻĨāύা āϕ⧰ি āφ⧰ু ,āĻ•āĻĒাāϞ āϚāĻĒā§°ি⧟াāĻŦ)


2 Give brief answers to the following questions. 2x4-8 
(āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻি⧟া) 

a) Why and how did Gandhi steal gold? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ•ি⧟ āφ⧰ু āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āϏোāĻŖ āϚুā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: Gandhi's brother had run into a debt of about twenty-five rupees. To clear this debt Gandhi stole the gold. He stole the gold by clipping a bit from his brother's armlet.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻāϜāύ āĻ•āĻ•া⧟েāĻ• āĻĒāϚিāĻļ āϟāĻ•াā§° āϧাā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϏেāχ āϧাā§° āĻŽাā§°িāĻŦāϞৈāĻ•ে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏোāĻŖ āϚুā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•āĻ•া⧟েāϕ⧰ āĻŦাāĻšুāϤ āĻĒিāύ্āϧা āĻ…āϞংāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāϟুāĻ•ুā§°া āϏোāĻŖ āĻā§°ুā§ąাāχ āϞৈāĻ›িāϞ)


b) How did Gandhi feel after stealing ? 
(āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻ•েāύে āĻ…āύুāĻ­ā§ą āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?) 
Ans: After steeling Gandhi could not bear his guilt. He resolved never to steal again. He also made up his mind to confess it to his father.
( āϚুā§°ি āϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ…āύুāĻļোāϚāύাāϤ āĻ­ূāĻ—িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āφ⧰ু āĻ•েāϤি⧟াāĻ“ āϚুā§°ি āύāϕ⧰াā§° āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āϞৈāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϞāĻ—āϤে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāχ āĻ­ূāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āĻ“āϚ⧰āϤ āϚিāĻ•াā§°োāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĨিā§°াং āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


c) What did Gandhi's father do after receiving the confession note ? 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻ•ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)
Ans: After receiving the confession note Gandhi's father read the note. Tear drops trickled down from his cheeks. For a moment he closed his eyes in thought and then tore up the note. He had sat up to read it. He again laid down.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻ­াāϞāĻĻā§°ে āĻĒā§িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϚāĻ•ুā§°ে āϚāĻ•ুāϞো āĻŦৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ৷ āĻāĻ• āĻŽুāĻšূā§°্āϤ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āϚāĻ•ুāϝোā§° āϜāĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻ•িāĻŦা āϚিāύ্āϤা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϤাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĢাāϞি āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§িāĻŦāϞৈ āωāĻ ি āĻŦāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āĻļুঃ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞ)


d)What is the purest type of repentance ?
(āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্ā§° āĻ…āύুāĻļোāϚāύা āĻ•ি?)
Ans: A clean confession, combined with a promise never to commit the sin again, when offered before one who has the right to receive it, is the purest type of repentance.
(āĻāĻ• āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āϚিāĻ•াā§°োāĻ•্āϤি āϝ’āϤ āĻĒুāύ⧰াāχ āφ⧰ু āϏেāχ āĻ­ুāϞ āύāϕ⧰াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻļ্ā§°ুāϤি āĻĨাāĻ•ে āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻĻি⧟া āĻšā§Ÿ āϝাā§° āϏেāχāĻ–āύ āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āφāĻ›ে,āϏে⧟াāχ āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্ā§° āĻ…āύুāĻļোāϚāύা)


3. Why did Gandhi call the incident an object lesson in 'Ahimsa' ?
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āϘāϟāύাāϟোāĻ• āĻ•ি⧟ āĻ…āĻšিংāϏাā§° āĻĒাāĻ  āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•ৈāĻ›ে?)
Ans: Gandhi thought after reading his confession letter his father would be angry, say hard things, and strike his forehead. But, instead of doing anything violent, tear drops tickled down from his cheeks and laid back in his bed. Gandhi also cried as he could see agony in his father's eyes. The tear drops cleansed Gandhi's heart and washed his sins away. Gandhi realised that this act of subtle forgiveness was the result of his clear peaceful confession which he termed as Ahimsa. The glimpse of his father's love for him in his eyes made him understood that such Ahimsa becomes all-embracing, it transforms everything it touches. Ahimsa has the greatest power among all. Thats why Gandhi called the incident an object lesson in 'Ahimsa'.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§ি āĻ–ং āωāĻ িāĻŦ, āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•āϕ⧰্āĻĨāύা āϕ⧰ি āφ⧰ু ,āĻ•āĻĒাāϞ āϚāĻĒā§°ি⧟াāĻŦ৷ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϤেāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ•োāύো āĻšিংāϏাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ• āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াā§° āϏāϞāύি āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϚāĻ•ুāϞোāĻšে āĻŦৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻŦিāϚāύাāϤ āĻļুāχ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϞāĻ—āϤে āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟েāĻ“ āĻ•াāύ্āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āϚāĻ•ুāϤ āĻĻুāĻ–-āĻ•āώ্āϟāĻŦোā§° āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϏেāχ āϚāĻ•ুāϞোā§ąে āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻšৃāĻĻ⧟ āύিāĻ•া āϕ⧰ি āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻĒাāĻĒāĻŦোā§°ো āϧুā§ąাāχ āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›িāϞ৷ āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ…āύুāĻ­ā§ą āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻ•্āώāĻŽাā§° āĻāύে āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āφāϚ⧰āĻŖ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ…āύুāĻļোāϚāύা āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ…āĻšিংāϏাā§°ে āĻĢāϞāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒ৷ āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āϚāĻ•ুāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻĒোā§ąা āĻŽā§°āĻŽে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŦুāϜাāχāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻ…āĻšিংāϏা āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒি, āχ āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻ•ে āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে৷ āĻ…āĻšিংāϏা āϏāĻ•āϞোāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী৷ āϏেāχāĻŦাāĻŦেāχ āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āϘāϟāύাāϟোāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻ…āĻšিংāϏাā§° āĻĒাāĻ  āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•ৈāĻ›ে)


4.What qualities of Gandhi's character are reflected in this lesson ?
(āĻĒাāĻ āϟিāϤ āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻ•েāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ—ুāĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ—ৈāĻ›ে?)
Ans :In this lesson we get to know about certain great features of Gandhi's character. First , though he stole gold he could not bear the guilt which shows his quality of recognising the right path. Secondly he was courageous enough to confess his guilt instead of hiding it and committing it again. Thirdly, he had huge love and  respect for his father and he could understand his father's agony.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻ•িāĻ›ু āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–āϝোāĻ—্āϝ āϚাā§°িāϤ্ā§°িāĻ• āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ⧰ āĻ•āĻĨা āφāĻŽি āĻĒাāĻ āϟোā§° āĻĒā§°া āϜাāύিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°োঁ৷ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽে, āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻ­ুāϞ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϤাā§° āĻĒাāĻĒāĻŦোāϧ āĻŦāĻšāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§° āύাāĻ›িāϞ ৷ āχ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻĒāĻĨā§° āĻŦিāϚাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻ—ুāĻŖāϟোā§° āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦুāϜা⧟৷ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤী⧟āϤে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻ­ুāϞ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•াā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°াāĻ•ৈ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āϏাāĻšāϏী āφāĻ›িāϞ, āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏে⧟া āϞুāĻ•ুā§ąাāχ āĻĨৈ āϤাā§° āĻĒুāύ⧰াāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āϕ⧰া āύাāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤৃāϤী⧟āϤে, āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃāĻ• āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āφāĻĻā§° āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ•āώ্āϟāĻŦোā§° āĻŦুāϜি āĻĒাāχāĻ›িāϞ)


5.5. Write true or false.
(āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ/āĻ…āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āϞিāĻ–া) 
a) One of Gandhi's brother ran into a debt. 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻāϜāύ āĻ•āĻ•া⧟েāϕ⧰ āϧাā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ)
Ans: true


b Gandhi's father often beat him. 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°া⧟ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ) 
Ans: False


c) Gandhi requested his father to punish him for stealing 
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧী⧟ে āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āϚুā§° āϕ⧰াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ…āύুā§°োāϧ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ) 
Ans: True


d) Gandhi's father wept after reading the confession.
(āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•ে āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§াā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āωāϚুāĻĒি āωāĻ িāĻ›িāϞ)
Ans: True


e) The power of Ahimsa is limited.
(āĻ…āĻšিংāϏাā§° āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āϏীāĻŽিāϤ)
Ans: False


 f) Gandhi's father's love for him decreased after the incident.
(āϘāϟāύাāϟোā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āĻ—াāύ্āϧীā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻŽā§°āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽি āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ)
Ans: False.


6. Find out the transitive and intransitive verbs from the following sentences. 
(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ• āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া āĻŦাāĻ›ি āωāϞিāĻ“ā§ąা) 

a. She is a teacher. 
(āϤাāχ āĻāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āĻļিāĻ•্āώ⧟িāϤ্ā§°ী)
Ans: Intransitive (āĻ…āϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

b) I go to school. 
(āĻŽāχ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟āϞৈ āϝাāĻ“ঁ) 
Ans: Transitive (āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

c) Seema was reading a book.  
AnsTransitive  (āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

d) The sun gives heat and light. 
(āϏূā§°্āϝ্āϝāχ āϤাāĻĒ āφ⧰ু āĻĒোāĻšā§° āĻĻি⧟ে) 
Ans: Transitive  (āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

e) We sleep at night. 
(āφāĻŽি ā§°াāϤি āĻļো) 
Ans: Intransitive (āĻ…āϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)
 
f) I fed the dog. 
(āĻŽāχ āĻ•ুāĻ•ুā§°āϟোāĻ• āĻ–ুā§ąাāϞোঁ) 
Ans: Transitive (āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

g) Everybody has blamed him. 
(āϏāĻ•āϞোā§ąে āϤাāĻ• āĻĻোāώ āĻĻিāϞে) 
Ans: Intransitive  (āĻ…āϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

h) The birds fly in the sky.
(āϚ⧰াāχāĻŦোā§° āφāĻ•াāĻļāϤ āω⧰ে)
Ans: Transitive (āϏāϕ⧰্āĻŽāĻ•)

7. Rewrite the following sentences underlining the finite verbs and circling the non-finite verbs. One is done for you.
(āϏীāĻŽিāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻ—āϤিāĻļীāϞ āĻ•্ā§°ি⧟া āĻŦাāĻ›ি āωāϞিāĻ“ā§ąা)
Ans: b) saw :finite  working: non-finite
c) went: finite  to buy: non-finite
d) looking: non-finite  saw: finite
d) went : finite  riding: non-finite
f) having set :non-finite  returned :finite
g) is: non- finite. established: finite

Himadri Borah
(M.A in English)

check - Mukesh Borah
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āĻŦেāϞেāĻ— āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāχ āϞিংāĻ• āϟোāϤ āĻ•্āϞিāĻ• āϕ⧰āĻ• 

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Post Id: DABP000831