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Chapter 4

Basic Economics Problems


Multiple Choice Questions

āĻāĻ•াāϧিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ

1. The three basic economics questions are

āϤিāύিāϟা āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে

(a) What, Where, Whom

āĻ•ি, āĻ•'āϤ, āĻ•াāĻ•

(b) What, how, whom

āĻ•ি, āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ, āĻ•াāĻ•

(c) How, whom, when

āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ, āĻ•াāĻ•, āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়া

(d) What, why, whom

āĻ•ি, āĻ•িāϝ়, āĻ•াāĻ•

Answer: (b) What, how, whom ((āĻ–) āĻ•ি, āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ, āĻ•াāĻ•)।

2. The labour-intensive techniques involve

āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽিāĻ•-āύিāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞāĻŦোā§°āϤ āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে

(a) More labour

āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ

(b) More capital

āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ

(c) Less capital

āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ

(d) Less Labour

āĻ•āĻŽ āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ

Answer: (a) More labour (āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ)।

3. The capital-intensive technique

āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ-āύিāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ

(a) Economics capital 

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ 

(b) Economics labour

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ

(c) Economics the both

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤি āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟা

Answer: (b) Economics labour (āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ)।

4. The production possibility curve involves combination of 

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°āϤ āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে 

(a) One commodity and one factor

āĻāϟা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āφ⧰ু āĻāϟা āĻ•াā§°āĻ•

(b) Two commodities and two factors

 āĻĻুāϟা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āφ⧰ু āĻĻুāϟা āĻ•াā§°āĻ•

(c) Two commodities

āĻĻুāϟা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী

(d) Two factors.

 āĻĻুāϟা āĻ•াā§°āĻ•।

Answer: (c) Two commodities (āĻĻুāϟা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী)।

5. If there is unemployment or under-employment of resources, the combination of products lies

āϝāĻĻি āύিāĻŦāύুā§ąা āĻŦা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻ•āĻŽ āύিāϝুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖ āύিāĻšিāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে

(a) Exactly upon the production possibility curve

āĻ িāĻ• āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ

(b) To the right of the curve

āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āϏোঁāĻĢাāϞে

(c) To the left of the curve

āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻ“ঁāĻĢাāϞে

Answer: (c) To the left of the curve (āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻ“ঁāĻĢাāϞে)।

6. The production possibility curve slopes

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§° āĻĸাāϞ

(a) Negatively 

āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে 

(b) Positively

āχāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ•

(c) Neither of the above 

āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻāϟাāĻ“ āύāĻšāϝ় 

Answer: (a) Negatively (āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে)।

Very Short Answer Type Questions

āĻ…āϤি āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ

1. What are the basic problems in an economy?

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিāϤ āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻŦোā§° āĻ•ি?

Answer:

2. What are the main techniques of production?

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ⧰ āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞāĻŦোā§° āĻ•ি?

Answer:

3. What is the problem of choice of products?

āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āϚāϝ়āύ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•ি?

Answer:

4. What is the problem of distribution of national product?

ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•ি?

Answer:

5. What is meant by economic efficiency?

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤাā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?

Answer:

6. What is the problem of expansion of productive capacity?

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤাāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাā§°āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•ি?

Answer:

7. What is meant by production possibility curves?

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?

Answer:

8. What is meant by marginal rate of transformation between two commodities?

āĻĻুāϟা āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°াāύ্āϤিāĻ• āĻšাā§°ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?

Answer:

Short Answer Type Questions

āϚāĻŽু āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ

1. Explain the problem of choice of products.

āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻĒāĻ›āύ্āĻĻā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

2. What is the problem of allocation of resources?

āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻ†ā§ąāĻŖ্āϟāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āϟো āĻ•ি?

Answer:

3. Discuss the issue of distribution.

āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়āϟো āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

4. What is the problem of extent of resource utilisation?

āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•ি?

Answer:

5. Explain the problem of growth.

āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

6. What does determine the slope of production possibility curve?

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āĻĸাāϞ āĻ•িāĻšে āύিā§°্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰ে?

Answer:

7. What is meant by economics efficiency and technical efficiency?

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা āφ⧰ু āĻ•াā§°িāϕ⧰ী āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤাā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?

Answer:

Long Answer Type Questions 

āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ 

1."Scarcity is the central problem of every society." Comment on the statement. Are there other important problems faced by a society? If so, discuss briefly.

"āĻ…āĻ­াā§ą āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ–āύ āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা।" āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤিāϟোā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•। āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻāĻ–āύে āφāύ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻ–ীāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āύেāĻ•ি? āϝāĻĻি āĻšāϝ়, āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

2. Explain the problem of what and how to produce.

āĻ•ি āφ⧰ু āĻ•েāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে āϏেāχ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

3. Discuss the problem of economic efficiency.

āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤাā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

4. Explain the problem of distribution of national product.

ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ীā§° āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϟো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer:

5. Explain clearly the concept of production possibility curve.

āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ•্ā§°ā§° āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϟো āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

Answer: 

6. Discuss the role of price mechanism in making of economic decision.

Answer: 

Very Long Answer Type Questions

1. What are the fundamental economic problems in a country?

Answer:

2. What is economic efficiency? How can an economy achieve it?

Answer:

3. Discuss the problems of utilisation of productive capacity and economic growth.

Answer:

4. What is production possibility curve? How can various economics problem be explained through the use of this curve?

Answer:

5. "The Basic choices in a capitalist country are governed by prices". Discuss.

Answer:

6. Define a production possibility curve (PPC). How does the PPC illustrate scarcity, choice and opportunity cost? What will be the opportunity cost when you decide to attend the college instead of taking a job? By what other name is PPC also known?

Answer:


Questions Type_Bhabesh Bora..



Post ID : DABP003306