Chapter 4
Basic Economics Problems
Multiple Choice Questions
āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1. The three basic economics questions are
āϤিāύিāĻা āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āĻšৈāĻে
(a) What, Where, Whom
āĻি, āĻ'āϤ, āĻাāĻ
(b) What, how, whom
āĻি, āĻেāύেāĻৈ, āĻাāĻ
(c) How, whom, when
āĻেāύেāĻৈ, āĻাāĻ, āĻেāϤিāϝ়া
(d) What, why, whom
āĻি, āĻিāϝ়, āĻাāĻ
Answer: (b) What, how, whom ((āĻ) āĻি, āĻেāύেāĻৈ, āĻাāĻ)।
2. The labour-intensive techniques involve
āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽিāĻ-āύিāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻৌāĻļāϞāĻŦোā§°āϤ āĻ āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻুāĻ্āϤ āĻĨাāĻে
(a) More labour
āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ
(b) More capital
āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ
(c) Less capital
āĻāĻŽ āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ
(d) Less Labour
āĻāĻŽ āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ
Answer: (a) More labour (āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ)।
3. The capital-intensive technique
āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ-āύিāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻৌāĻļāϞ
(a) Economics capital
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻŽূāϞāϧāύ
(b) Economics labour
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ
(c) Economics the both
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤি āĻĻুāϝ়োāĻা
Answer: (b) Economics labour (āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ)।
4. The production possibility curve involves combination of
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§°āϤ āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻ āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻুāĻ্āϤ āĻĨাāĻে
(a) One commodity and one factor
āĻāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী āĻā§°ু āĻāĻা āĻাā§°āĻ
(b) Two commodities and two factors
āĻĻুāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী āĻā§°ু āĻĻুāĻা āĻাā§°āĻ
(c) Two commodities
āĻĻুāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী
(d) Two factors.
āĻĻুāĻা āĻাā§°āĻ।
Answer: (c) Two commodities (āĻĻুāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী)।
5. If there is unemployment or under-employment of resources, the combination of products lies
āϝāĻĻি āύিāĻŦāύুā§ąা āĻŦা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻāĻŽ āύিāϝুāĻ্āϤি āĻĨাāĻে, āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্ā§°āĻŖ āύিāĻšিāϤ āĻĨাāĻে
(a) Exactly upon the production possibility curve
āĻ িāĻ āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ
(b) To the right of the curve
āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āϏোঁāĻĢাāϞে
(c) To the left of the curve
āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻঁāĻĢাāϞে
Answer: (c) To the left of the curve (āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻঁāĻĢাāϞে)।
6. The production possibility curve slopes
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§° āĻĸাāϞ
(a) Negatively
āύেāϤিāĻŦাāĻāĻāĻাā§ąে
(b) Positively
āĻāϤিāĻŦাāĻāĻ
(c) Neither of the above
āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻāĻাāĻ āύāĻšāϝ়
Answer: (a) Negatively (āύেāϤিāĻŦাāĻāĻāĻাā§ąে)।
Very Short Answer Type Questions
āĻ āϤি āĻāĻŽু āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1. What are the basic problems in an economy?
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিāϤ āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻŦোā§° āĻি?
Answer:
2. What are the main techniques of production?
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ⧰ āĻŽুāĻ্āϝ āĻৌāĻļāϞāĻŦোā§° āĻি?
Answer:
3. What is the problem of choice of products?
āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āĻāϝ়āύ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻি?
Answer:
4. What is the problem of distribution of national product?
ā§°াāώ্āĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻি?
Answer:
5. What is meant by economic efficiency?
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ āĻĻāĻ্āώāϤাā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ āĻি?
Answer:
6. What is the problem of expansion of productive capacity?
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞ āĻ্āώāĻŽāϤাāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাā§°āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻি?
Answer:
7. What is meant by production possibility curves?
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ āĻি?
Answer:
8. What is meant by marginal rate of transformation between two commodities?
āĻĻুāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°াāύ্āϤিāĻ āĻšাā§°ā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ āĻি?
Answer:
Short Answer Type Questions
āĻāĻŽু āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1. Explain the problem of choice of products.
āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āĻĒāĻāύ্āĻĻā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
2. What is the problem of allocation of resources?
āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻā§ąāĻŖ্āĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻো āĻি?
Answer:
3. Discuss the issue of distribution.
āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻো āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
4. What is the problem of extent of resource utilisation?
āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻি?
Answer:
5. Explain the problem of growth.
āĻŦিāĻাāĻļā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
6. What does determine the slope of production possibility curve?
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āĻĸাāϞ āĻিāĻšে āύিā§°্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ে?
Answer:
7. What is meant by economics efficiency and technical efficiency?
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĻāĻ্āώāϤা āĻā§°ু āĻাā§°িāĻā§°ী āĻĻāĻ্āώāϤাā§° āĻ ā§°্āĻĨ āĻি?
Answer:
Long Answer Type Questions
āĻĻীāĻāϞীāϝ়া āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ
1."Scarcity is the central problem of every society." Comment on the statement. Are there other important problems faced by a society? If so, discuss briefly.
"āĻ āĻাā§ą āĻšৈāĻে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻāύ āϏāĻŽাāĻā§° āĻেāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা।" āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤিāĻোā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŽāύ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ। āϏāĻŽাāĻ āĻāĻāύে āĻāύ āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻীāύ āĻšৈāĻে āύেāĻি? āϝāĻĻি āĻšāϝ়, āĻāĻŽুāĻৈ āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
2. Explain the problem of what and how to produce.
āĻি āĻā§°ু āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āϞাāĻে āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
3. Discuss the problem of economic efficiency.
āĻ ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻĻāĻ্āώāϤাā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
4. Explain the problem of distribution of national product.
ā§°াāώ্āĻ্ā§°ীāϝ় āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻো āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
5. Explain clearly the concept of production possibility curve.
āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাā§ąāύা āĻŦāĻ্ā§°ā§° āϧাā§°āĻŖাāĻো āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āĻāĻাā§ąে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
Answer:
6. Discuss the role of price mechanism in making of economic decision.
Answer:
Very Long Answer Type Questions
1. What are the fundamental economic problems in a country?
Answer:
2. What is economic efficiency? How can an economy achieve it?
Answer:
3. Discuss the problems of utilisation of productive capacity and economic growth.
Answer:
4. What is production possibility curve? How can various economics problem be explained through the use of this curve?
Answer:
5. "The Basic choices in a capitalist country are governed by prices". Discuss.
Answer:
6. Define a production possibility curve (PPC). How does the PPC illustrate scarcity, choice and opportunity cost? What will be the opportunity cost when you decide to attend the college instead of taking a job? By what other name is PPC also known?
Answer:
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