Kathmandu

Chapter-10


Thinking about Text 

(āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚিāύ্āϤা āϕ⧰া)













1. Answer these questions in one or two words or in short phrases.

(āĻāχ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻŦোā§°ā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻāϟা āĻŦা āĻĻুāϟা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϤ āĻŦা āϚāĻŽু āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝাংāĻļāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•)


1. Name the two temples the author visited in Kathmandu. 

(āϞেāĻ–āĻ•ে āĻ•াāĻ āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄুāϤ āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰া āĻĻুāϟা āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻ•ি)

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2. The writer says, "All this I wash down with Coca Cola." What does 'all this refer to?

(āϞেāĻ–āĻ•āϜāύে āĻ•āϝ়, "āĻāχ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§° āĻŽāχ āĻ•োāĻ•া āĻ•োāϞাā§°ে āϧুāχ āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›ো।" āĻāχ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°ে āĻ•ি āĻŦুāϜাāϝ়)

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3. What does Vikram Seth compare to the quills of a porcupine?

(āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽ āĻļেāĻ ে āĻāϟা āĻļংāĻ•ুāĻĒāύ⧰ āĻ•ুāχāϞ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻ•ি āϤুāϞāύা āϕ⧰ে)

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4. Name five kinds of flutes.

(āĻĒাঁāϚ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻŦাঁāĻšীā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•)

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II. Answer each question in a short paragraph.

(āĻāϟা āϚāĻŽু āĻ…āύুāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟো āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ⧰ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•)


1. What difference does the author note between the flute seller and the other hawkers?

(āĻŦাঁāĻšী āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°েāϤা āφ⧰ু āφāύ āĻšāĻ•াā§°āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ āϞেāĻ–āĻ•ে āĻ•ি āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āϕ⧰ে)

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2. What is the belief at Pashupatinath about the end of Kaliyug?

(āĻ•াāϞিāϝুāĻ—ā§° āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤিāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ•ে āĻĒāĻļুāĻĒāϤিāύাāĻĨāϤ āĻ•ি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āφāĻ›ে)

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 3. The author has drawn powerful images and pictures. Pick out three examples each of

(āϞেāĻ–āĻ•ে āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻ›āĻŦি āφ⧰ু āĻ›āĻŦি āφঁāĻ•িāĻ›ে। āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟোāϤে āϤিāύিāϟা āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻŦাāĻ›āύি āϕ⧰āĻ•)


(i) the atmosphere of 'febrile confusion' outside the temple of Pashupatinath (for example: some people trying to get the priest's attention are elbowed aside...)

(āĻĒāĻļুāĻĒāϤিāύাāĻĨā§° āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻšিā§°āϤ 'āĻĢেāĻŦ্ā§°িāϝ়েāϞ āĻŦিāĻ­্ā§°াāύ্āϤি'ā§° āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ (āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে: āĻĒুā§°োāĻšিāϤ⧰ āĻŽāύোāϝোāĻ— āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰া āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϞোāĻ•āĻ• āĻāĻĢাāϞে āĻ•িāϞাāĻ•ুāϟি āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়...)


(ii) the things he sees

(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻŦোā§°)


(iii) the sounds he hears

(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻļুāύা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§°)


III. Answer the following questions in not more than 100-150 words each.

(āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻŦোā§°ā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ 100-150 āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āύāĻšāϝ়)


1. Compare and contrast the atmosphere in and around the Baudhnath shrine with the Pashupatinath temple.

(āĻŦাāωāϧāύাāĻĨ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āφāĻļে-āĻĒাāĻļে āĻĨāĻ•া āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļāĻ• āĻĒāĻļুāĻĒāϤিāύাāĻĨ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϤুāϞāύা āφ⧰ু āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤ āϕ⧰āĻ•)

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 2. How does the author describe Kathmandu's busiest streets?

(āϞেāĻ–āĻ•ে āĻ•াāĻ āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄুā§° āĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āϤāϤāĻŽ ā§°াāϏ্āϤাāĻŦোā§° āĻ•েāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ে)

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3. "To hear any flute is to be drawn into the commonality of all mankind." Why does the author say this?

("āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻŦাঁāĻšী āĻļুāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąāϜাāϤিā§° āϏাāĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝāϞৈ āφāϕ⧰্āώিāϤ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ।" āϞেāĻ–āĻ•ে āĻāχāϟো āĻ•িāϝ় āĻ•āϝ়)

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Thinking about Language

(āĻ­াāώাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚিāύ্āϤা āϕ⧰া)


I. Read the following sentences carefully to understand the meaning of the italicised phrases. Then match the phrasal verbs in Column A with their meanings in Column B.

(āχāϟাāϞিāϚাāχāϜāĻĄ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝাংāĻļāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāϜিāĻŦāϞৈ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§° āϏাā§ąāϧাāύে āĻĒāĻĸ়āĻ•। āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻ-ā§° āĻĢ্ā§°াāϚাāϞ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻŦোā§°āĻ• āϏ্āϤāĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻŦি-āϤ āϏেāχāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŽিāϞাāĻ“āĻ•)


1. A communal war broke out when the princess was abducted by the neighbouring prince.

(āϝেāϤিāϝ়া ā§°াāϜāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ীāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ীāĻ• āϚুāĻŦুā§°ীāϝ়া ā§°াāϜāĻ•ুāĻŽাā§°ে āĻ…āĻĒāĻšā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāϟা āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāϝ়িāĻ• āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


2. The cockpit broke off from the plane during the plane crash.

(āĻŦিāĻŽাāύ āĻĻুā§°্āϘāϟāύাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻŦিāĻŽাāύāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻ•āĻ•āĻĒিāϟ āĻ–āύ āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›িāύ্āύ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


3. The car broke down on the way and we were left stranded in the jungle. 

(āĻŦাāϟāϤ āĻ—াāĻĄ়ীāĻ–āύ āĻ­াāĻ™ি āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āφāĻŽি āϜংāϘāϞāϤ āĻ†ā§ąāĻĻ্āϧ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›িāϞো)


4. The dacoit broke away from the police as they took him to court.

(āĻĄāĻ•াāχāϤāϜāύে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āφāĻĻাāϞāϤāϞৈ āϞৈ āϝোā§ąাā§° āϞāĻ—ে āϞāĻ—ে āφ⧰āĻ•্āώীā§° āĻĒā§°া āφঁāϤ⧰ি āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ)


5. The brothers broke up after the death of the father.

(āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ āĻ­াāϤৃāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


6. The thief broke into our house when we were away.

(āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āφāĻŽি āφঁāϤ⧰āϤ āφāĻ›িāϞো āϚোā§°āϟো āφāĻŽাā§° āϘ⧰āϤ āϏোāĻŽাāχ āφāĻ›িāϞ)




II. 1. Use the suffixes -ion or -tion to form nouns from the following verbs. Make the necessary changes in the spellings of the words.

(āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦিāĻļেāώ্āϝ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝāϝ়-āφāϝ়āύ āĻŦা -āϟিāϝ়āύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰āĻ•। āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻŦাāύাāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ় āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϕ⧰āĻ•)


Example: proclaim - proclamation

(āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ: āϘোāώāĻŖা āϕ⧰āĻ• - āϘোāώāĻŖা)




2. Now fill in the blanks with suitable words from the ones that you have formed.

(āĻāϤিāϝ়া āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§°ে āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχāĻŦোā§° āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•)


(i) Mass literacy was possible only after the machine. of the ____________ printing machine. 

(āϝāύ্āϤ্ā§°āϟোā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤāĻšে āĻ—āĻŖ āϏাāĻ•্āώ⧰āϤা āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­ā§ą āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ। āĻĒ্ā§°িāύ্āϟিং āĻŽেāϚিāύ⧰)


(ii) Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks _____________.

(ā§°āĻŽেāĻļে āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āĻŽোāĻ•াāĻŦিāϞা āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ…āĻ•্āώāĻŽ āĻ•িāϝ়āύো āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ…āĻ­াā§ą āφāĻ›ে)


(iii) I could not resist the ____________ to open the letter.

(āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āĻ–ুāϞিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŽāχ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিā§°োāϧ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞোঁ)


(iv) Hardwork and ___________ are the main keys to success.

(āĻ•āĻ োā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻļ্ā§°āĻŽ āφ⧰ু āϏāĻĢāϞāϤাā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āϚাāĻŦিāĻ•াāĻ ি)


(v) The children were almost fainting with ___________ stand in the sun. after being made to stand in the sun. 

(āĻļিāĻļুāĻŦোā§° ā§°'āĻĻāϤ āĻĨিāϝ় āĻšৈ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় āĻŽূā§°্āϚ্āĻ›া āĻ—ৈ āφāĻ›িāϞ। ā§°'āĻĻāϤ āĻĨিāϝ় āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻ›āϤ)


III. Punctuation

(āĻŦিā§°াāĻŽāϚিāĻš্āύ)


Use capital letters, full stops, question marks, commas and inverted commas wherever necessary in the following paragraph.

(āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ…āύুāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ āĻš'āϞে āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āφāĻ–ā§°, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āώ্āϟāĻĒ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāĻŦোāϧāĻ• āϚিāĻš্āύ, āĻ•āĻŽা āφ⧰ু āĻ“āϞোāϟা āĻ•āĻŽা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ)


an arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle one day he asked the tiger who is stronger than you you O lion replied the tiger who is more fierce than a leopard asked the lion you sir replied the leopard he marched upto an elephant and asked the same question the elephant picked him up in his trunk swung him in the air and threw him down look said the lion there is no need to get mad just because you don't know the answer

(āĻāϟা āĻ…āĻšংāĻ•াā§°ী āϏিংāĻš āχāω āϤāĻ•ৈ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŦাāϘāϟোāĻ• āϏুāϧিāϞে āĻ… āϏিংāĻšāχ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϞে āĻŦাāϘāϟো āϝি āϟো āύাāĻšā§°āĻĢুāϟুāĻ•ী āĻŦাāϘāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻŦেāĻ›ি āĻ­āϝ়ংāϕ⧰, āφāĻĒুāύি āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিāϞে āύাāĻšā§°āĻĢুāϟুāĻ•ীāĻŦাāϘāϟোā§ąে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻšাāϤীā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϞৈ āφāĻ—āĻŦাāĻĸ়ি āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻāĻ•েāϟা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āĻšাāϤীāϝ়ে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻļুঁāĻĄ়āϤ āϤুāϞি āϞৈ āĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āϤাāĻ• āϤāϞāϞৈ āĻĻāϞিāϝ়াāχ āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ āϚাāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϏিংāĻšā§° āĻ•োāύো āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ āύাāχ। āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āφāĻĒুāύি āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āϟো āύাāϜাāύে āĻŦাāĻŦেāĻĒাāĻ—āϞ āĻš'āĻŦāϞৈ)


IV. Simple Present Tense

(āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞ)


Study these sentences from the lesson.

(āĻĒাāĻ ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύ āϕ⧰āĻ•)


 ● A fight breaks out between two monkeys. 

(āĻĻুāϟা āĻŦাāύ্āĻĻā§°ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻ•াāϜিāϝ়া āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšāϝ়)


● Film songs blare out from the radios.

(āϚāϞāϚ্āϚিāϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻ—াāύāĻŦোā§° ā§°েāĻĄিāĻ…'ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻ“āϞাāχ āφāĻšে)


● I wash it down with Coca-Cola.

(āĻŽāχ āχāϝ়াāĻ• āĻ•োāĻ•া-āĻ•োāϞাā§°ে āϧুāχ āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›ো)


The italicised verbs are in the simple present tense. The writer is here describing what he saw and heard but he uses the present tense instead of the past tense A narration or a story can be made more dramatic or immediate by using the present tense in this way.

(āχāϟাāϞিāϚাāχāϜāĻĄ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াāĻŦোā§° āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āϞেāĻ–āĻ•āϜāύে āχāϝ়াāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϝি āĻĻেāĻ–িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻļুāύিāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻ•াāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤে āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ⧰ āĻ•াāϞāϟো āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ে āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύāĻ•াāϞāĻ• āĻāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻāϟা āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻŦা āĻ•াāĻšিāύী āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āύাāϟāĻ•ীāϝ় āĻŦা āϤাā§ŽāĻ•্āώāĻŖিāĻ• āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি)


Now look at the following sentences. 

(āĻāϤিāϝ়া āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§° āϚাāĻ“āĻ•)


● A small shrine half protrudes from the stone platform on the riverbank.

(āύāĻĻীā§° āĻĒাā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻļিāϞ⧰ āĻĒ্āϞেāϟāĻĢā§°্āĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāϟা āϏ⧰ু āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§° āφāϧা āĻ“āϞাāχ āφāĻ›ে)


● Small shops stand on the outer edge of the Stupa. 

(āϏ⧰ু āĻĻোāĻ•াāύāĻŦোā§° āώ্āϟুāĻĒাā§° āĻŦাāĻšিā§°ā§° āĻ•াāώāϤ āĻĨিāϝ় āĻšৈ āφāĻ›ে)


We use the simple present tense to speak about what is usually or generally true. The sentences above describe facts. We also use the simple present tense in sentences depicting 'universal truths'. For example:

(āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āĻŦা āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āϏঁāϚা āĻ•ি āϏেāχ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻŦāϞৈ āφāĻŽি āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰োঁ। āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§°ে āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻŦোā§° āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ে। āφāĻŽি 'āϏাā§°্āĻŦāϜāύীāύ āϏāϤ্āϝ' āĻĻেāĻ–ুāĻ“ā§ąা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§°āϤ āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύāĻ•াāϞāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰োঁ। āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে)


● The sun rises in the east. 

(āĻĒূāĻŦāϤ āϏূā§°্āϝ āωāĻĻāϝ় āĻšāϝ়)


● The earth revolves round the sun.

(āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীāϏূā§°্āϝ⧰ āϚাā§°িāĻ“āĻĢাāϞে āϘূā§°ি āĻĨাāĻ•ে)


We can also refer to habitual actions using the simple present tense.

(āφāĻŽি āϏ⧰āϞ āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻ•াāϞ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏāĻ—āϤ āĻ•াā§°্āϝ্āϝāĻŦোā§°ো āĻŦুāϜাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°োঁ)


● He usually takes a train instead of a bus to work.

(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āĻ•াāĻŽāϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦাāϛ⧰ āϏāϞāύি ā§°েāϞ āϞৈ āϝাāϝ়)


●We often get fine drizzles in winter.

(āφāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ়ে āĻļীāϤāĻ•াāϞāϤ āϏূāĻ•্āώ্āĻŽ āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ āĻĒাāĻ“ঁ)


In these sentences words like everyday, often, seldom, never, every month, generally, usually, etc. may be used.

(āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻŦোā§°āϤ āĻĻৈāύāύ্āĻĻিāύ, āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ়ে, āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻŦাāĻšে, āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āύāĻšāϝ়, āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻŽাāĻšে, āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে, āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻš'āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে)


1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

(āĻŦ্ā§°েāĻ•েāϟāϤ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āϏāĻ িāĻ• ā§°ূāĻĒā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχāĻŦোā§° āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•)


(i) The heart is a pump that _____________ (send) the blood circulating through our body. The pumping action ______________ (contract). This _______________ (force) the blood out into the arteries, which ______________ (expand) to receive the oncoming blood. 

(āĻšৃāĻĻāϝāύ্āϤ্ā§° āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻāĻ• āĻĒাāĻŽ্āĻĒ āϝি āφāĻŽাā§° āĻļā§°ীā§°ā§° āĻŽাāϜেā§°ে āĻŦিāϝ়āĻĒি āĻĨāĻ•া āϤেāϜ āĻĒ্ā§°েā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰ে। āĻĒাāĻŽ্āĻĒিং āĻ•াā§°্āϝ (āϚুāĻ•্āϤি)। āĻāχ (āĻŦāϞ) āϤেāϜ āϧāĻŽāύীāϞৈ āĻ“āϞাāχ āϝাāϝ়, āϝি āφāĻšি āĻĨāĻ•া āϤেāϜ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ (āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাā§°িāϤ) āĻšāϝ়)


(ii) The African lungfish can live without water for up to four years. During a drought it ____________(dig) a pit and _____________(enclose) itself in a capsule of slime and earth, leaving a tiny opening for air. The capsule ____________ (dry) and _____________ (harden), but when rain _____________ (come), the mud ______________(dissolve) and the lungfish ___________(swim) away. 

(āφāĻĢ্ā§°িāĻ•াāύ āϞুংāĻĢিāĻ›ে āϚাā§°ি āĻŦāϛ⧰āϞৈāĻ•ে āĻĒাāύী āĻ…āĻŦিāĻšāύে āϜীāϝ়াāχ āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে। āĻ–ā§°াāϙ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āχ āĻāϟা āĻ—াঁāϤ (āĻ–āύāύ) āϕ⧰ে āφ⧰ু āϏ্āϞাāχāĻŽ āφ⧰ু āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻ•েāĻĒāϚুāϞāĻāϟাāϤ āύিāϜāĻ•ে āĻ†ā§ąāĻĻ্āϧ āϕ⧰ে, āϝাā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻŦাāϝ়ুā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻ• āĻ•্āώুāĻĻ্ā§° āĻŽুāĻ•āϞি āĻšāϝ়।  (āĻ•āĻ িāύ), āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖ (āφāĻšে), āĻŦোāĻ•া (āĻĻ্ā§°ā§ąীāĻ­ূāϤ) āφ⧰ু āϞুংāĻĢিāĻ› (āϏাঁāϤুā§°ি) āφঁāϤ⧰ি āϝাāϝ়)


(iii) MAHESH: We have to organise a class party for our teacher. ___________ (Do) anyone play an instrument?

(āĻŽāĻšেāĻļ: āφāĻŽি āφāĻŽাā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώāϕ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϟা āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖী āĻĒাā§°্āϟিāφāϝ়োāϜāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ। (āϕ⧰āĻ•) āϝিāĻ•োāύো āϞোāĻ•ে āĻāϟা āĻŦাāĻĻ্āϝāϝāύ্āϤ্ā§° āĻŦāϜাāϝ়)


VIPUL Rohit ___________(play) the flute.

(āĻŦিāĻĒুāϞ ā§°োāĻšিāϤ (āĻŦāϜাāĻ“āĻ•) āĻŦাঁāĻšী)


MAHESH: ____________ (Do) he also act?

(āĻŽāĻšেāĻļ: (āϕ⧰āĻ•) āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ…āĻ­িāύāϝ়ো āϕ⧰ে)


VIPUL : No, he ___________ (compose) music.


(āĻŦিāĻĒুāϞ : āύāĻšāϝ়, āϤেāĻ“ঁ (āϏংāĻ—ীāϤ ā§°āϚāύা āϕ⧰ে)


MAHESH: That's wonderful!


(āĻŽāĻšেāĻļ: āĻāχāϟো āφāϚ⧰িāϤ)


Speaking

(āĻ•āĻĨা āĻ•োā§ąা)


1. Discuss in class the shrines you have visited or know about. Speak about one of them.


(āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ­্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰া āĻŦা āϜāύা āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāϤ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰āĻ•। āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻāϟাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻ“ঁāĻ•)


2. Imagine you are giving an eyewitness account or a running commentary of one of the following:


(āĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা āϕ⧰āĻ• āφāĻĒুāύি āĻāϜāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝāĻ•্āώāĻĻā§°্āĻļীā§° āĻŦিā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻŦা āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻāϟাā§° āϚāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻ­াāώ্āϝ āĻĻি āφāĻ›ে)


(i) a game of football, cricket or hockey, or some sports event


(āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ, āĻ•্ā§°িāĻ•েāϟ āĻŦা āĻšāĻ•ী, āĻŦা āĻ•োāύো āĻ•্ā§°ীāĻĄ়া āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ⧰ āĻ–েāϞ)


 (ii) a parade (e.g. Republic Day) or some other national event


(āĻāϟা āĻĒেā§°েāĻĄ (āϝেāύে āĻ—āĻŖāϤāύ্āϤ্ā§° āĻĻিā§ąāϏ) āĻŦা āφāύ āĻ•োāύো ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ীāϝ় āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ)


Speak a few sentences narrating what you see and hear. Use the simple present and the present continuous tenses. For example:


(āφāĻĒুāύি āĻ•ি āĻĻেāĻ–িāĻ›ে āφ⧰ু āĻļুāύিāĻ›ে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āϕ⧰ি āĻ•েāχāϟাāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻ•āĻ“ঁāĻ•। āϏ⧰āϞ āωāĻĒāĻšাā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ⧰ āύিā§°āύ্āϤ⧰ āĻ•াāϞāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰āĻ•। āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে)


● He passes the ball but Ben gets in the way...


(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦāϞāϟো āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰ে āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦেāύ āĻŦাāϟāϤ āĻĒā§°ে...)


● These brave soldiers guard our frontiers. They display their skills here...


(āĻāχ āϏাāĻšāϏী āϏৈāύিāĻ•āϏāĻ•āϞে āφāĻŽাā§° āϏীāĻŽাāϤ āĻĒāĻšā§°া āĻĻিāϝ়ে। āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āχāϝ়াāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ āϕ⧰ে...)







Question Type By- Maiur Rani Kashyap 





Post ID:DABP002098