Chapter 12
Sound
Exercises
1. What is sound and how is it produced?
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻি āĻā§°ু āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়?
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2. Describe with the help of a diagram, how compressions and rarefactions are produced in air near a source of sound.
āύāĻ্āϏাā§° āϏāĻšাāϝ়āϤ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ, āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āϏংāĻোāĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻā§āϏ⧰ āĻāĻā§°āϤ āĻŦিā§°āϞ āĻোāĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŦāϤাāĻšāϤ āĻā§āĻĒāύ্āύ āĻšāϝ়।
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3. Cite an experiment to show that sound needs a material medium for its propagation.
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻা āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻāύ āĻŦুāϞি āĻĻেāĻুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻা āĻĒā§°ীāĻ্āώাā§° āĻāĻĻ্āϧৃāϤি āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ।
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4. Why is sound wave called a longitudinal wave?
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϤ⧰ংāĻāĻ āĻĻ্ā§°াāĻিāĻŽāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞীāϝ় āϤ⧰ংāĻ āĻŦুāϞি āĻিāϝ় āĻোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়?
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5. Which characteristic of the sound helps you to identify your friend by his voice while sitting with others in a dark room?
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻোā§° āĻোāύāĻো āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϤ্āĻŦāĻ āĻāĻĒোāύাāĻ āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāĻ āĻāύ্āϧাā§° āĻোāĻ াāϤ āĻāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻŦāĻšি āĻĨāĻাā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻŖ্āĻ āϏ্āĻŦā§°ে āĻিāύাāĻ্āϤ āĻā§°াāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°ে?
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6. Flash and thunder are produced simultaneously. But thunder is heard a few seconds after the flash is seen, why?
āĻĢ্āϞেāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻŦāĻ্ā§°āĻĒাāϤ āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻā§āĻĒāύ্āύ āĻšāϝ়। āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŦāĻ্ā§°āĻĒাāϤ āĻĢ্āϞেāĻ āĻো āĻĻেāĻাā§° āĻেāĻāĻেāĻেāĻŖ্āĻĄāĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻļুāύা āϝাāϝ়, āĻিāϝ়?
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7. A person has a hearing range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. What are the typical wavelengths of sound waves in air corresponding to these two frequencies? Take the speed of sound in air as 344 m s-1.
āĻāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিā§° āĻļ্ā§°ā§ąāĻŖ āĻļāĻ্āϤি 20 āĻšাā§°্āĻā§° āĻĒā§°া 20 āĻিāϞোā§ąাāĻāϞৈāĻে āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻ āĻĻুāĻা āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāύাāĻ্āĻā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻিāϤ āĻŦাāϝ়ুāϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϤ⧰ংāĻā§° āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āϤ⧰ংāĻāĻĻৈā§°্āĻ্āϝ āĻি? āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻāϤি 344 āĻŽিāĻাā§° āĻāĻ-1 āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āϞāĻঁāĻ।
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8. Two children are at opposite ends of an aluminium rod. One strikes the end of the rod with a stone. Find the ratio of times taken by the sound wave in air and in aluminium to reach the second child.
āĻĻুāĻা āĻļিāĻļু āĻāϞুāĻŽিāύিāϝ়াāĻŽ ā§°āĻĄā§° āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤ āĻŽূā§°āϤ āĻĨাāĻে। āĻāĻāύে ā§°āĻĄāĻোā§° āĻļেāώāϤ āĻāĻা āĻļিāϞেā§°ে āĻāĻাāϤ āĻā§°ে। āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āϏāύ্āϤাāύ⧰ āĻāĻā§°āϞৈ āϝাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻā§°ু āĻāϞুāĻŽিāύিāϝ়াāĻŽāϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϤ⧰ংāĻā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āϞোā§ąা āϏāĻŽāϝ়ā§° āĻ āύুāĻĒাāϤ āύিā§°্āĻŖāϝ় āĻā§°āĻ।
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9. The frequency of a source of sound is 100 Hz. How many times does it vibrate in a minute?
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻā§āϏāĻāĻাā§° āϏāĻāύāϤা āĻšৈāĻে 100 āĻšাā§°্āĻ। āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŽিāύিāĻāϤ āĻিāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাā§° āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ āĻā§°ে?
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10. Does sound follow the same laws of reflection as light does? Explain.
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻ āĻĒোāĻšā§°ā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞāύ⧰ āύিāϝ়āĻŽāĻ āύুāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻā§°ে āύেāĻি? āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ্āϝা āĻā§°āĻ।
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11. When a sound is reflected from a distant object, an echo is produced. Let the distance between the reflecting surface and the source of sound production remains the same. Do you hear echo sound on a hotter day?
āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻোāύো āĻĻূā§°ā§ąā§°্āϤী āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻāĻা āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϧ্āĻŦāύি āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻšāϝ়। āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ āĻā§°ু āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύ⧰ āĻā§āϏ⧰ āĻŽাāĻā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻāĻে āĻĨাāĻিāĻŦ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ। āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻā§°āĻŽāĻĻিāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϧ্āĻŦāύিā§° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻļুāύিāĻে āύেāĻি?
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12. Give two practical applications of reflection of sound waves. 13. A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 500 m high into a pond of water at the base of the tower. When is the splash heard at the top? Given, g = 10 m s2 and speed of sound = 340 m s¹.
14. A sound wave travels at a speed of 339 m s-¹. If its
wavelength is 1.5 cm, what is the frequency of the wave?
Will it be audible?
15. What is reverberation? How can it be reduced?
āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϧ্āĻŦāύি āĻি? āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻেāύেāĻৈ āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি?
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16. What is loudness of sound? What factors does it depend on?
āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻāĻ্āĻāϏ্āĻŦā§° āĻি? āĻ āĻি āĻাā§°āĻā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻā§° āĻā§°ে?
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17. Explain how bats use ultrasound to catch a prey.
āĻŦাāĻĻুāϞিāĻŦোā§°ে āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻিāĻাā§° āĻāĻা āϧ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāϞ্āĻ্ā§°াāĻাāĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
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18. How is ultrasound used for cleaning?
āĻĒā§°িāώ্āĻাā§° āĻā§°াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϞ্āĻ্ā§°াāĻাāĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°া āĻšāϝ়?
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19. Explain the working and application of a sonar.
āϏোāĻŖাā§° ā§° āĻাāĻŽ āĻā§°ু āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāĻ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
20. A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.
āĻাāĻŦāĻŽেā§°িāύāϤ āĻĨāĻা āĻāĻা āϏোāĻŖাā§° āĻĄিāĻাāĻāĻে āĻāĻা āϏংāĻেāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°েā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ে āĻā§°ু 5 āĻেāĻেāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻĒিāĻāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϧ্āĻŦāύি āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āĻā§°ে। āĻাāĻŦāĻŽেā§°িāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻোā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ 3625 āĻŽিāĻাā§° āĻš'āϞে āĻĒাāύীāϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻāϤি āĻāĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
21. Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
āĻāϞ্āĻ্ā§°াāĻাāĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ি āϧাāϤুāĻāĻŖ্āĻĄāĻāĻাāϤ āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āϤ্ā§°ুāĻি āĻিāύাāĻ্āϤ āĻā§°িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
22. Explain how the human ear works.
āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻাāĻŖে āĻেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻাāĻŽ āĻā§°ে āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ।
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Question Type -By Parina Hazarika
Post Id: DABP002934