Chapter 11

āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ় ā§§ā§§

The Human Eye and the Colourful World  

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϚāĻ•ু āφ⧰ু ā§°āĻ™ীāύ āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąী

EXERCISES

āĻŦ্āϝাāϝ়াāĻŽ

 1. The human eye can focus on objects at different distances by adjusting the focal length of the eye lens. This is due to

ā§§) āϚāĻ•ুā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĢ’āĻ•েāϞ āϞেংāĻĨ āϏাāϞāϏāϞāύি āϕ⧰ি āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϚāĻ•ুā§ąে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻŦোā§°āϤ āĻĢোāĻ•াāϚ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে। āχāϝ়াā§° āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ...

 (a) presbyopia.

(āĻ•) āĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ›āĻŦাāχāĻ…’āĻĒিāϝ়া।

 (b) accommodation.

(āĻ–) āĻĨāĻ•াā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা।

 (c) near-sightedness.

(āĻ—) āĻ…āĻĻূā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻļāĻ•্āϤি।

 (d) far-sightedness

(āϘ) āĻĻূā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļীāϤা

Ans-


2. The human eye forms the image of an object at its

⧍) āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϚāĻ•ুā§ąে āĻ•োāύো āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি āϤাā§° āĻ াāχāϤ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰ে

(a) cornea.

(āĻ•) āϕ⧰্āĻŖিāϝ়া।

 (b) iris.

(āĻ–) āφāχ⧰িāĻ›।

 (c) pupil.

(āĻ—) āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°।

 (d) retina.

(āϘ) ā§°েāϟিāύা।

 Ans-


3. The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal vision is about 

ā§Š) āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াā§ąিāĻ• āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻĨāĻ•া āĻāϜāύ āϝুā§ą āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤāĻŦāϝ়āϏ্āϕ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏুāĻ•ীāϝ়া āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻļāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ়

(a) 25 m. (⧍ā§Ģ āĻŽিāϟাā§°।)

 (b) 2.5 cm. (⧍.ā§Ģ āϚে.āĻŽি.)

 (c) 25 cm. (⧍ā§Ģ āϚে.āĻŽি.)

 (d) 2.5 m.  (⧍.ā§Ģ āĻŽিāϟাā§°)

 Ans-


4. The change in focal length of an eye lens is caused by the action of the

4. āϚāĻ•ুā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĢোāĻ•েāϞ āĻĻৈā§°্āϘ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়াā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ

 (a) pupil.

(āĻ•) āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°।

 (b) retina.

(āĻ–) ā§°েāϟিāύা।

(c) ciliary muscles.

(āĻ—) āϚিāϞিāϝ়াā§°ী āĻĒেāĻļী।

 (d) iris.

(āϘ) āφāχ⧰িāĻ›।

 Ans-


5. A person needs a lens of power -5.5 dioptres for correcting his distant vision. For correcting his near vision he needs a lens of power +1.5 dioptre. What is the focal length of the lens required for correcting (i) distant vision, and (ii) near vision?

ā§Ģ/ āĻāϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ• āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻূā§°ā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻļāĻ•্āϤি āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ -ā§Ģ.ā§Ģ āĻĄাāχāĻ…’āĻĒ্āϟ্ā§°ā§° āĻļāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ āĻšāϝ়। āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻļāĻ•্āϤি āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• +ā§§.ā§Ģ āĻĄাāχāĻ…’āĻĒ্āϟাā§° āĻļāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ। (i) āĻĻূā§°ā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি, āφ⧰ু (ii) āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĢ’āĻ•েāϞ āϞেংāĻĨ āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ?

 Ans-


6. The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in front of the eye. What is the nature and power of the lens required to correct the problem?

ā§Ŧ) āĻŽাāχāĻ…’āĻĒিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻĻূā§° āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুāϟো āϚāĻ•ুā§° āϏāύ্āĻŽুāĻ–āϤ ā§Žā§Ļ āϚে.āĻŽি. āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϟো āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āφ⧰ু āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻ•ি?

 Ans-


7. Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected. The near point of a hypermetropic eye is 1 m. What is the power of the lens required to correct this defect? Assume that the near point of the normal eye is 25 cm.

ā§­) āĻšাāχāĻĒাā§°āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°āĻĒিāϝ়া āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻ• āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāϟা āĻĄাāϝ়েāĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ āĻŦāύাāĻ“āĻ•। āĻšাāχāĻĒাā§°āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°āĻĒিāĻ• āϚāĻ•ুā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু ā§§ āĻŽিāϟাā§°। āĻāχ āĻĻোāώāϟো āĻļুāϧ⧰াāĻŦāϞৈ āϞেāύ্āϏ⧰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ? āϧ⧰ি āϞāĻ“āĻ• āϝে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াā§ąিāĻ• āϚāĻ•ুā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু ⧍ā§Ģ āϚে.āĻŽি.

 Ans-


8. Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly the objects placed closer than 25 cm?

ā§Ž) ⧍ā§Ģ āϚেāύ্āϟিāĻŽিāϟাā§°āϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ“āϚ⧰āϤ ā§°āĻ–া āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻŦোā§° āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াā§ąিāĻ• āϚāĻ•ুā§ąে āĻ•িāϝ় āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ•ৈ āĻĻেāĻ–া āύাāĻĒাāϝ়?

 Ans-


9. What happens to the image distance in the eye when we increase the distance of an object from the eye?

⧝) āϚāĻ•ুā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻāϟাā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰িāϞে āϚāĻ•ুāϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ›āĻŦিā§° āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦ āĻ•ি āĻšāϝ়?

 Ans-


10. Why do stars twinkle?

ā§§ā§Ļ/ āϤ⧰াāĻŦোā§° āĻ•িāϝ় āϟিāĻĒāϟিāĻĒিāϝ়াāχ āĻĨাāĻ•ে?

 Ans-


11. Explain why the planets do not twinkle.

ā§§ā§§) āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŦোā§° āĻ•িāϝ় āϟিāĻĒāϟিāĻĒিāϝ়া āύāĻšāϝ় āĻŦুāϜাāχ āĻĻিāϝ়া।

 Ans-


12. Why does the Sun appear reddish early in the morning?

⧧⧍) ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąাāχ āϏূā§°্āϝ্āϝāĻ• āĻ•িāϝ় ā§°āĻ™া ā§°āϙ⧰ āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়?

 Ans-


13. Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut?

ā§§ā§Š) āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻļāϚাā§°ীā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āφāĻ•াāĻļāĻ–āύ āύীāϞা ā§°āϙ⧰ āϏāϞāύি āĻ•’āϞা āϝেāύ āϞাāĻ—ে āĻ•িāϝ়?

 Ans-