Unit 2

 Chapter 1

Indemnity and Guarantee

āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āφ⧰ু āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟি

Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

āĻāĻ•াāϧিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ

1. Indemnity is called as the:-

1. āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖāĻ• āĻāχāĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়:-

(a) Indemnifier       (b) Indemnified 

(c) Neither (a) nor (b)    (d) None of the above

(āĻ•) āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ       (āĻ–) āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ 

(āĻ—) (āĻ•) āĻŦা (āĻ–)      (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟোā§ąেāχ āύāĻšāϝ়

Ans: (b) Indemnified 

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ–) āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ 


2. The prime motive of a contract of indemnity is:-

2. āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽুāĻ–্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻšৈāĻ›ে:-

(a) To indemnify the loss (b) To compensate the loss

(c) To make good the loss (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āϞোāĻ•āϚাāύ⧰ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়া (āĻ–) āϞোāĻ•āϚাāύ⧰ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া

(āĻ—) āϞোāĻ•āϚাāύ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (d) All of the above

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

3. Indemnity holder is entitled to recover:

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

(a) All damages he suffered (b) All costs he incurred

(c) All sums he paid (d) None of the above

(āĻ•) āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ­োāĻ— āϕ⧰া āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻ•্āώāϤি (āĻ–) āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦāĻšāύ āϕ⧰া āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŦ্āϝāϝ়

(āĻ—) āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒā§°িāĻļোāϧ āϕ⧰া āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖ (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟো āύāĻšāϝ়

Ans: (d) None of the above

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟো āύāĻšāϝ়

4. A contract of guarantee is a :

4. āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻšৈāĻ›ে:

(a) Tripartite agreement (b) Bipartite agreement (d) Unilateral agreement (c) Solo agreement

(āĻ•) āϤ্ā§°িāĻĒাāĻ•্āώিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি (āĻ–) āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻĒাāĻ•্āώিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি

(āϘ) āĻāĻ•āĻĒāĻ•্āώীāϝ় āϚুāĻ•্āϤি (āĻ—) āĻāĻ•āĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি

Ans: (a) Tripartite agreement

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ•) āϤ্ā§°িāĻĒাāĻ•্āώিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি


5. The contract of guarantee exists to:-

5. āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āϟো:-

(a) Compensate the party (b) Secure payment of a debt (c) Restore benefits (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āĻĒāĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ• (āĻ–) āĻ‹āĻŖ ā§°āĻ–াā§° āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻļোāϧ

(āĻ—) āϞাāĻ­াāϞাāĻ­āĻĒুāύ⧰ুāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āϕ⧰āĻ• (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (b) Secure payment of a debt

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ–) āĻ‹āĻŖ ā§° āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻļোāϧ

6. In a contract of guarantee, the liability of debtor is ________.

6. āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ, āĻ‹āĻŖ āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাā§° āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āĻšৈāĻ›ে _____।

(a) Primary (b) Secondary (c) Dependent on liability of guarantor (d) None of above

(āĻ•) āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• (āĻ–) āĻ—ৌāĻŖ (āĻ—) āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟ⧰⧰ āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§°āĻļীāϞ (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟো āύāĻšāϝ়

Ans: (a) Primary

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ•) āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ•

7. Unless the debtor defaults, the liability of ______ does not arise.

7. āĻ‹āĻŖ āĻĻাāϤাāχ āĻĄিāĻĢāϞ্āϟ āύāϕ⧰িāϞে, āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা ______ āωāĻĻ্āĻ­ā§ą āύāĻšāϝ়।

(a) Debtor (b) Creditor (c) Guarantor (d) None of the above

(āĻ•) āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤা (āĻ–) āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤা

(āĻ—) āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟ⧰ (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ•োāύোāϟো āύāĻšāϝ়

Ans: (c) Guarantor

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ—) āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟ⧰


8. Surety is called as ______ debtor.

8. āϚুā§°েāĻŖ্āϟিāĻ• ______ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়। āĻ‹āĻŖী।

(a) First (b) Prime (c) Favoured (d) Disfavoured

(āĻ•) āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ (āĻ–) āĻĒ্ā§°াāχāĻŽ

(āĻ—) āĻ…āύুāĻ•ূāϞিāϤ (āϘ) āĻ…āĻĒāĻ›āύ্āĻĻ

Ans: (c) Favoured

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ—) āĻ…āύুāĻ•ূāϞিāϤ


9. A continuing guarantee is one that:-

9. āĻāϟা āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟি āĻšৈāĻ›ে āϏেāχāϟো:- (a) Covers a single transaction

(b) Covers a number of transactions (c) Covers a number of transactions over a period of time

(d) Covers a single transaction over a period of time

(āĻ•) āĻāϟা āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ āĻ•āĻ­াā§° āϕ⧰ে (āĻ–) āĻ•েāχāĻŦাāϟাāĻ“ āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ āϏাāĻŽā§°ি āϞāϝ় (āĻ—) āϏāĻŽāϝ়ā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ•েāχāĻŦাāϟাāĻ“ āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ āϏাāĻŽā§°ি āϞāϝ় (āϘ) āĻāϟা āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ āϏāĻŽāϝ়ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏাāĻŽā§°ি āϞāϝ়

Ans: (c) Covers a number of transactions over a period of time

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ—) āϏāĻŽāϝ়ā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ•েāχāĻŦাāϟাāĻ“ āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ āϏাāĻŽā§°ি āϞāϝ়

10. Subrogation is a right of:

10. āύিāĻŽāϜ্āϜāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āχāϝ়াā§° āĻāĻ• āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°:

(a) Debtor (b) Creditor (c) Surety (d) All of the above

(āĻ•) āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤা (āĻ–) āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤা

(āĻ—) āϏুā§°েāϟি (āϘ) āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻŦোā§°

Ans: (c) Surety

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (āĻ—) āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ

FILL IN THE BLANKS

āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχāĻŦোā§° āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•

1. If the creditor sells off any security of the debtor without giving any notice to the surety, the surety is _______ to the value of the security. (liable/discharged)

1. āϝāĻĻি āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাāχ āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤāĻ• āĻ•োāύো āϜাāύāύী āύিāĻĻিāϝ়াāĻ•ৈ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাā§° āϝিāĻ•োāύো āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা āĻŦিāĻ•্ā§°ী āϕ⧰ে, āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে _____  (āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ/āĻĄিāϚāϚাā§°্āϜ āϕ⧰া)

Ans: (1) discharged

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (1) āĻĄিāϚāϚাā§°্āϜ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে 


2. Stepping into someone's shoes is called as ______. (Right to set off/Right of

2. āĻ•াā§°োāĻŦাā§° āϜোāϤাāϤ āĻ­ā§°ি āĻĻিāϝ়াāĻ• _____ (āĻ›েāϟ āĻ…āĻĢ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°/āϏোঁāĻĢাāϞ⧰ 

Ans: (2) Right of subrogation

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (2) āύিāĻŽāϜ্āϜāύ⧰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° 


3. A surety can revoke a continuing grantee for future transactions by giving _______ to the creditor. (notice/acknowledgement)

3. āĻāϟা āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤিāϝ়ে āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…āύুāĻĻাāύāĻĻাāϤাāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰ি āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে _______ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰āϤ। (āϜাāύāύী/āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāϤি)

Ans: (3) notice  

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (3) āϜাāύāύী

4. Death of surety ______ the continuing guarantee. (terminates/does not terminate)

4. āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ⧰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু ______ āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟি। (āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤ/āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤ āύāĻšāϝ়)

Ans: (4) terminates

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (4) āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤ 


5. Any guarantee obtained by means of misrepresentation made by the creditor is ________. (Valid/Invalid)

5. āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাāχ āϕ⧰া āĻ­ুāϞ āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟি āĻšৈāĻ›ে ____ (āĻŦৈāϧ/āĻ…āĻŦৈāϧ)

Ans: (5) invalid


6. If the terms of contract of guarantee are varied without the consent of the surety, the surety is ______. (liable/discharged).

6. āϝāĻĻি āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ⧰ āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি āĻ…āĻŦিāĻšāύে āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟিā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϚ⧰্āϤাā§ąāϞী āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻšāϝ়, āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে __  (āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ/āĻĄিāϚāϚাā§°্āϜ āϕ⧰া)।

Ans: (6) discharged

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (6) āĻĄিāϚāϚাā§°্āϜ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে


7. A surety is entitled to the benefit of every ______ which creditor has against the debtor (security/promise)

7. āĻāϟা āϜাāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϟোā§° āϞাāĻ­াāϞাāĻ­ā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°ী ______ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাā§° āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻ•োāύāϟো āĻ‹āĻŖāĻĻাāϤাā§° āφāĻ›ে (āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা/āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻļ্ā§°ুāϤি) 

Ans: (7) security

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (7) āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা


8. A guarantee given for a specific debt is called as ________ guarantee. (specific/continuing)

8. āĻāϟা āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻ‹āĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟিāĻ• ________ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়। āĻ—েā§°াāĻŖ্āϟি। (āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ/āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ)

Ans: (8) specific 

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰: (8) āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ TRUE/FALSE

āϏঁāϚা/āĻŽিāĻ›া 1. A guarantee given for a series of transactions is called as specific guarantee.

ā§§) āϞেāύāĻĻেāύ⧰ āĻļৃংāĻ–āϞাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻিāϝ়া āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাāĻ• āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়।

Ans: (1) False

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§§) āĻŽিāĻ›া

2. An agreement between a minor debtor & a creditor was void, but the surety shall stand liable to the creditor.

⧍) āĻāϜāύ āϏ⧰ু āĻ‹āĻŖী āφ⧰ু āĻāϜāύ āĻĒাāĻ“āύাāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻŦাāϤিāϞ āφāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°āϜāύ āĻĒাāĻ“āύাāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āĻš'āĻŦ।

Ans: (2) True

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (⧍) āϏঁāϚা

3. A creditor can never sue the surety without taking any action against the debtor.

ā§Š/ āĻ•োāύো āĻĒাāĻ“āύাāĻĻাā§°ে āĻ‹āĻŖীāϜāύ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻ•োāύো āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āύোāϞোā§ąাāĻ•ৈ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻŽাāĻŽāϞা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।

Ans: (3) False

4. The liabity of surety in a contract of guarantee is secondary in nature.

ā§Ē) āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āϜাāĻŽিāύ⧰ āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āĻ—ৌāĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§°।

Ans: (4) True

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ē) āϏঁāϚা

5. There are three parties in a contract of indemnity.

ā§Ģ/ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āϤিāύিāϟা āĻĒāĻ•্āώ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Ans: (5) False

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ģ) āĻŽিāĻ›া

6. In a contract of guarantee, the debtor can never be a minor.

ā§Ŧ/ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āĻ‹āĻŖী āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āύাāĻŦাāϞāĻ• āĻš’āĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।

Ans: (6) False

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ŧ) āĻŽিāĻ›া


7. A contract of guarantee cannot be a oral contract.

ā§­/ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻŽৌāĻ–িāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻš’āĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।

Ans: (7) False

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§­) āĻŽিāĻ›া

8. There is a triangular relationship between the principal debtor, principal creditor and surety in a contract of guarantee.

ā§Ž) āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϤ āĻŽূāϞ āĻ‹āĻŖী, āĻŽূāϞ āĻĒাāĻ“āύাāĻĻাā§° āφ⧰ু āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āϤ্ā§°িāĻ•োāĻŖীāϝ় āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ• āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Ans: (8) True

āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ঃ (ā§Ž) āϏঁāϚা SHORT QUESTIONS

āϚুāϟি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ

1. Define the term indemnity.

ā§§/ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϟোā§° āϏংāϜ্āĻžা āĻĻিāϝ়া।

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2. Differentiate between indemnity and guarantee.

⧍/ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āφ⧰ু āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ ā§°াāĻ–িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—ে।

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3. What is the prime intention of a contract of indemnity?

ā§Ē/ āĻŦীāĻŽাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āύেāĻ•ি?

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4. Is a contract of insurance a contract of indemnity?

[Hint: Refer point (5) of the essentials of indemnity]

[āχংāĻ—িāϤ: āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ় āĻŦāϏ্āϤুā§° āĻĒāχāĻŖ্āϟ (ā§Ģ) āϚাāĻ“āĻ•]।

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5. What is a tripartite agreement?

ā§Ģ/ āϤ্ā§°িāĻĒাāĻ•্āώিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ•ি?

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6. Explain briefly about the co-extensiveness of liability of surety with that of the debtor.

ā§Ŧ) āĻ‹āĻŖীāϜāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āϜাāĻŽিāύ⧰ āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাā§° āϏāĻš-āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ•āϤাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

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7. Can a limit be put on a surety's liability?

ā§­/ āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āϏীāĻŽা āύিā§°্āϧাā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāύে?

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8. What is a continuing guarantee?

ā§Ž/ āĻ…āĻŦিā§°āϤ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āĻ•ি?

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9. Is a specific guarantee different from a continuing guarantee?

⧝/ āĻāϟা āύিā§°্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āφ⧰ু āĻāϟা āϧাā§°াāĻŦাāĻšিāĻ• āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āύেāĻ•ি?

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10. What is Right of Subrogation?

ā§§ā§Ļ) ā§°াāχāϟ āĻ…ā§ą āĻ›াāĻŦā§°োāĻ—েāϚāύ āĻ•ি?

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11. When can a continuing guarantee be revolved?

ā§§ā§§) āĻāϟা āϧাā§°াāĻŦাāĻšিāĻ• āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়া āϘূā§°াāχ āĻĻিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি?

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LONG QUESTIONS

āĻĻীāϘāϞীāϝ়া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύ 1. What is a continuing guarantee? How can it be revoked?

ā§§/ āĻ…āĻŦিā§°āϤ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤা āĻ•ি? āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻŦাāϤিāϞ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি?

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2. "A surety is undoubtedly and not unjustly an object of some favour both at law and at equity." Explain

⧍) "āĻāϜāύ āϜাāĻŽিāύ āύিঃāϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšে āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻ­াā§ąে āφāχāύ āφ⧰ু āχāĻ•ুāχāϟি āĻĻুāϝ়োāϟাāϤে āĻ•োāύো āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ…āύুāĻ—্ā§°āĻšā§° āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āύāĻšāϝ়।" āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া

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3. Briefly discuss the rights of a surety against

ā§Š/ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āϜāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϚāĻŽুāĻ•ৈ āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া (i) creditor (ii) principal debtor and (iii) co-sureties.

(i) āĻĒাāĻ“āύাāĻĻাā§° (ii) āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ‹āĻŖী āφ⧰ু (iii) āϏāĻš-āϜিāω⧰িāϟী।

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4. What are the rights of surety? How the surety is discharged?

ā§Ē/ āϜাāĻŽিāύ⧰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āĻ•ি āĻ•ি? āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻ• āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āĻĄিāϚāϚাā§°্āϜ āϕ⧰া āĻšāϝ়?

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5. Define a contract of indemnity. What are the rights of an indemnity holder when sued?

ā§Ģ/ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϏংāϜ্āĻžা āĻĻিāϝ়া। āĻŽাāĻŽāϞা āϕ⧰াā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϧাā§°ীā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āĻ•ি āĻ•ি?

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6. The liability of a surety is secondary: it is co-extensive with that of the principal debtor." Explain.

ā§Ŧ) āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āĻ—ৌāĻŖ: āχ āĻŽূāϞ āĻ‹āĻŖীāϜāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āϏāĻš-āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ•।" āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰āĻ•।

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7. What is a contract of guarantee? What are its characteristics? Distinguish between a contract of guarantee and a contract of indemnity.

ā§­/ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ•ি? āχāϝ়াā§° āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻ•ি āĻ•ি? āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āφ⧰ু āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āϕ⧰া।

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8. "There can be no contract of guarantee unless there be a 'principal debtor' and the surety's obligation is dependent on a third party's default."
In the light of this statement explain the ingredients of a contract of guarantee and point out the distinction between a contract of guarantee and a contract of indemnity giving suitable illustrations. Is it true that the liability of a surety is secondary?

ā§Ž) "āϝāĻĻিāĻšে 'āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻ‹āĻŖী' āύাāĻĨাāĻ•ে āφ⧰ু āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻŦাāϧ্āϝāĻŦাāϧāĻ•āϤা āϤৃāϤীāϝ় āĻĒāĻ•্āώ⧰ āĻĄিāĻĢāϞ্āϟ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§°āĻļীāϞ āύāĻš'āϞে āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।"
āĻāχ āĻŦāĻ•্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒোāĻšā§°āϤ āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āωāĻĒাāĻĻাāύāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া āφ⧰ু āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āϚিāϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻĻি āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āϤাā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āφ⧰ু āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖā§° āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āφāĻ™ুāϞিāϝ়াāχ āĻĻিāϝ়া। āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻĻাā§°ā§° āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āĻ—ৌāĻŖ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąাāϟো āϏঁāϚাāύে?

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9. Why a surety is sometimes called a favoured debtor?

⧝/ āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻ• āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻŦা āĻ…āύুāĻ•ূāϞিāϤ āĻ‹āĻŖী āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•িāϝ় āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšāϝ়?

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10. Who is surety? What are his rights?

ā§§ā§Ļ/ āϜাāĻŽিāύ āĻ•োāύ? āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§° āĻ•ি?

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11. "Between co-sureties there is equality of the burden and the benefit." Elucidate.

ā§§ā§§) "āϏāĻš-āϜাāĻŽিāύ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻŦোāϜা āφ⧰ু āϞাāĻ­ā§° āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻĨাāĻ•ে।" āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āϕ⧰āĻ•।

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12. State and explain the circumstances under which a surety is discharged from liability.

⧧⧍) āĻ•োāύো āϜাāĻŽিāύāĻ• āĻĻাāϝ়āĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰া āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া āφ⧰ু āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϕ⧰া।

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Type: Priyam Jyoti Patar



Post ID : DABP003536