UNIT-III

Chapter-6

Tertiary and Quaternary Activities

EXERCISES

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) Which one of the following is a tertiary activity?

(a) Farming (c) Weaving

(b) Trading (d) Hunting

Answer: (b) Trading.

(ii) Which one of the following activities is NOT a secondary sector activity?

(a) Iron Smelting (c) Making garments

(b) Catching fish (d) Basket Weaving

Answer: (b) Catching fish. 

(iii) Which one of the following sectors provides most of the employment in Delhi,

Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.

(a) Primary (c) Secondary

(b) Quaternary (d) Service

Answer: (d) Service.

(iv) Jobs that involve high degrees and level of innovations are known as:

(a) Secondary activities (c) Quinary activities

(b) Quaternary activities (d) Primary activities

Answer: (c) Quinary activities.

(v) Which one of the following activities is related to quaternary sector?

(a) Manufacturing computers (c) University teaching

(b) Paper and Raw pulp production (d) Printing books

Answer: (c) University teaching.

(vi) Which one out of the following statements is not true?

(a) Outsourcing reduces costs and increases efficiency.

(b) At times engineering and manufacturing jobs can also be outsourced.

(c) BPOs have better business opportunities as compared to KPOs.

(d) There may be dissatisfaction among job seekers in the countries that

outsource the job.

Answer:

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Explain retail trading service.

Answer: Retail trading connects consumers directly with goods, selling finished products to individuals for their personal use. Think shops, online stores, convenience stores - every purchase where you buy something directly is retail trading.

(ii) Describe quaternary services.

Answer: Quinary sectors are knowledge powerhouses: pushing boundaries in R&D, IT, education, and high-level consulting. Think cutting-edge research, AI development, and expert advice guiding global giants. 

(iii) Name the fast emerging countries of medical tourism in the world.

Answer: Rising stars of medical tourism: India, Thailand, Mexico, Turkey, & Costa Rica - affordability, expertise, & diverse specialties.

(iv) What is digital divide?

Answer: Digital divide: Unequal access to tech and its benefits like jobs, education, and participation - creating a two-tiered world.

3. Answer the following questions in not more than 150 word

(i) Discuss the significance and growth of the service sector in modern

economic development.

Answer: The service sector has become a powerful engine for modern economic development, playing a crucial role in growth, employment, and overall well-being. Its significance and growth can be understood through several key aspects:

Economic Contribution:

*Largest sector: In most developed economies, the service sector now surpasses industry in terms of GDP and employment, indicating its substantial contribution to national wealth.

*Diverse and dynamic: The service sector encompasses a wide range of activities, from finance and retail to healthcare and education, offering flexibility and adaptability to meet evolving needs.

*Innovation driver: Service-based industries like IT and R&D drive innovation and technological advancements, propelling overall economic progress.

Employment and Well-being:

*Job creation: The service sector is a major employer, providing opportunities for skilled and unskilled workers alike, offering career paths and income generation.

*Improved living standards: Services like healthcare, education, and leisure contribute to improved quality of life, health outcomes, and human capital development.

*Social inclusion: Accessible services can cater to diverse needs and promote social inclusion for marginalized groups.

Global interconnectedness:

*Trade and investment: The growth of service exports in areas like finance, tourism, and professional services expands global trade and investment opportunities.

*Knowledge sharing and collaboration: Services facilitate international knowledge sharing and collaboration, advancing innovation and problem-solving across borders.

However, challenges exist:

*Inequality: Unequal access to quality services can exacerbate social and economic inequality, requiring policies for inclusive development.

*Skilling the workforce: The shift towards knowledge-intensive services requires continuous investment in education and skills development to meet evolving demands.

*Automation and job displacement: Automation in certain service sectors poses risks of job losses, requiring adaptation and support for displaced workers.

    Overall, the service sector's significance and growth trajectory are undeniable. Recognizing its potential while addressing the challenges will be crucial for harnessing its power to drive inclusive and sustainable economic development in the modern world.

(ii) Explain in detail the significance of transport and communication services.

Answer: Transport and communication services are the lifeblood of a modern economy and society, playing a crucial role in multiple aspects of our lives. Their significance can be understood through various key points:

Economic Growth and Development:

*Facilitation of trade and commerce: Efficient transportation networks move goods and raw materials to markets, connecting producers and consumers, enabling commerce and boosting economic activity. Communication technologies facilitate transactions, contracts, and market interactions, further enhancing trade.

*Industrial development: Access to reliable transportation and communication infrastructure is essential for setting up and operating industries, attracting investments, and promoting industrial growth. Efficient logistics enable smooth supply chains and distribution of finished products.

*Tourism and travel: These services enable tourism, a significant economic driver for many countries. Transportation facilitates travel and exploration, while communication tools help attract tourists, manage bookings, and provide travel information.

Social Impact and Well-being:

*Accessibility and connectivity: Effective transportation connects people and places, providing access to education, healthcare, jobs, and social services. Communication bridges geographical barriers, enabling connection with family, friends, and communities.

*Improved quality of life: Reliable transportation systems ease commuting, enhance access to amenities and services, and contribute to overall quality of life. Communication technologies facilitate information sharing, education, healthcare delivery, and emergency response, further improving well-being.

*Social inclusion and participation: Accessible transportation and communication services empower marginalized groups and individuals, enabling them to participate more fully in economic, social, and political life.

Political and Cultural Dimensions:

*National integration and unity: Transportation networks and communication platforms help connect geographically dispersed communities, fostering national unity and identity. They facilitate dialogue, collaboration, and cultural exchange across regions.

*Governance and administration: Communication technologies enable efficient government communication, citizen engagement, and service delivery. They can also enhance transparency and accountability.

*Global interdependence and cooperation: Reliable international transportation and communication infrastructure enables global trade, collaboration, and problem-solving on a broader scale.

Challenges and Considerations:

*Infrastructure development and maintenance: Investing in and maintaining efficient transportation networks and communication technologies requires consistent efforts and resources.

*Equity and accessibility: Ensuring affordable and equal access to these services for all, regardless of geographical location, income level, or disability, is crucial for inclusive development.

*Environmental impact: Transportation systems and communication technologies contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable practices and technological advancements are necessary to mitigate their environmental impact.

    Overall, transport and communication services are fundamental pillars of modern economies and societies. Recognizing their significance and addressing the challenges will be crucial for building a more interconnected, equitable, and sustainable future for all.

Project/Activity

(i) Find out the activities of BPO.

Answer:

(ii) Find out from a travel agent the documents you need to travel

abroad.

Answer:



Answer Type By: Himashree Bora.