1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop , nutrients, preparation

(A) The some kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _______

Ans- Crop 

(B) The first step before growing crops is _______ of the soil.

Ans-  preparation

(C) Damaged Seeds would _______ on top of water.

Ans- float

(D) For growing a  Crop. Sufficient sunlight and _______ and _______ from the soil are essential.

Ans- water, nutrients

2. Match items in column A with those in column B.

 A                                                            B

1. Kharif Crops                                                      a. Urea and Super phosphate 

2. Rabi Crops                                                        b. Animal excreta , cow dung urine and plant waste

3. Chemical fertilisers                                           c. Wheat, gram, pea

4. Organic manure                                                 d. Paddy and maize 

Ans-                  A                                                             B

1. Kharif Crops                                                     d. Paddy and maize 

2. Rabi Crops                                                        c. Wheat, gram, pea

3. Chemical fertilisers                                           a. Urea and Super phosphate 

4. Organic manure                                                b. Animal excreta , cow dung urine and plant waste


3. Give two examples of each .

     (a) Kharif  Crop 

      (b) Rabi Crop 

Ans- a) Kharif crop ------  Paddy and maize

b) Rabi crop --------- Wheat and pea


4.  Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following .

     (a) Preparation of soil                (b) Sowing

     (c) Weeding                                (d) Threshing


Ans- a) Preparation of soil ------ The preparation of the soil is the first step before growing a crop. One of the most important task is to turn and loosen the soil.This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. The loose soil allows the roots to breathe easily even when they go deep into the soil.

b) Sowing ------ Sowing of seeds at appropriate depths and distances gives good yield. Good variety of seeds are sown after selection of healthy seeds. Sowing is done by seed drills.

c) Weeding ------- Weeding involves removal of unwanted and uncultivated plants called weeds.

d) Threshing ------- Separation of the grains from the chaff is called threshing.


5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.

Ans-               Fertilisers                                                        Manure

1. Fertiliser is a man-made                              Manure is a natural substance obtained by the                            inorganic salt.                                                    decomposition of cattle dung and plant residues. 

2. Fertiliser is prepared in factories.                         Manure can be prepared in the fields.

3. Fertiliser does not provide any                              Manure provides a lot of humus to the soil.

humus to the soil.

4. Fertiliser are very rich in plant nutrients,              Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients.

like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium


6. What is irrigation ? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

Ans-Supply of water to crops at appropriate intervals is called irrigation. 

                     Two methods of irrigation which conserve water are-       

i) Sprinkle system ----- This method applies water by sprinklers that spray water into the air, simulating  rainfall. This system is more useful on the uneven land where sufficient water is not available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure with the help of a pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles.

ii) Drip system ------ : In this system, the water falls drop by drop directly near the roots. So it is called drip system. It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees. Water is not wasted at all. It is a boon in regions where availability of water is poor.


7. If wheat is sown in the kharif season , what would happen? Discuss.

Ans- Wheat wouldn't thrive if sown in the kharif season (monsoon season, typically June to October) for a few reasons:

  • Climate mismatch: Wheat is a rabi crop, needing cooler temperatures for optimal growth. The kharif season's hot and humid weather isn't good for wheat.

  • Excess water: Kharif coincides with the monsoon, bringing heavy rainfall. Wheat prefers drier conditions and can suffer from root rot or fungal diseases with excessive moisture.

  • Daylight factors: Wheat benefits from longer days during its flowering stage. Kharif has shorter daylight hours, potentially affecting flower and grain production.

The result of sowing wheat in the kharif season would likely be:

  • Reduced yield: Even if the wheat survives, the grain quality and quantity would be very lower than a proper rabi season planting.

  • Increased disease: The warm, wet conditions can provide more fungal diseases that can further damage the crop.

  • Potential crop failure: In the worst-case farm work, the wheat might not even germinate or survive the early stages due to unsuitable conditions.