Chapter 16
Digestion and Absorption
1. Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
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2. Explain the autoregulatory mechanism of GFR.
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3. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false :
(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.
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(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.
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(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.
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(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.
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(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.
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4. Give a brief account of the counter current mechanism.
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5. Describe the role of liver, lungs and skin in excretion.
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6. Explain micturition.
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7. Match the items of column I with those of column II :
Column I Column II
(a) Ammonotelism (i) Birds
(b) Bowman’s capsule (ii) Water reabsorption
(c) Micturition (iii) Bony fish
(d) Uricotelism (iv) Urinary bladder
(d) ADH (v) Renal tubule
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8. What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
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9. Terrestrial animals are generally either ureotelic or uricotelic, not ammonotelic, why ?
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10. What is the significance of juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function?
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11. Name the following:
(a) A chordate animal having flame cells as excretory structures
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(b) Cortical portions projecting between the medullary pyramids in the human kidney
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(c) A loop of capillary running parallel to the Henle’s loop.
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12. Fill in the gaps :
(a) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop is _______ to water whereas the descending limb is _______ to it.
(b) Reabsorption of water from distal parts of the tubules is facilitated by hormone _______.
(c) Dialysis fluid contain all the constituents as in plasma except _______.
(d) A healthy adult human excretes (on an average) _______ gm of urea/day.
Type Susmita Kakati
