Human Development
1. What is the difference between growth and development?
Answer: Growth is quantitative and value neutral, while development is qualitative and always value positive.
2. What is the concept of human development?
Answer: Human development is the process of enlarging people's choices and improving their lives.
3. What are the three key aspects of human development?
Answer: Leading a long and healthy life, being able to gain knowledge, and having enough means to be able to live a decent life.
4. What are the four pillars that support the idea of human development?
Answer: Equity, sustainability, productivity, and empowerment.
5. What is equity?
Answer: Equity refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody.
6. What is sustainability?
Answer: Sustainability means continuity in the availability of opportunities.
7. What is productivity?
Answer: Productivity means human labor productivity or productivity in terms of human work.
8. What is empowerment?
Answer: Empowerment means to have the power to make choices.
9. Why is it important to empower socially and economically disadvantaged groups?
Answer: Empowering socially and economically disadvantaged groups can help to reduce inequality and promote sustainable development.
10. What are some examples of human development indicators?
Answer: Life expectancy, literacy rate, per capita income, and access to healthcare and education are some examples of human development indicators.
11. What are the four main approaches to human development?
Answer: The four main approaches to human development are the income approach, the welfare approach, the minimum needs approach, and the capabilities approach.
12. How is the human development index (HDI) calculated?
Answer: The HDI is calculated by taking an average of a country's scores on three indicators: life expectancy, adult literacy rate, and gross enrollment ratio.
13. What is the human poverty index (HPI)?
Answer: The HPI is a non-income measure that assesses the shortfall in human development in a country. It takes into account factors such as the probability of not surviving to age 40, the adult illiteracy rate, the lack of access to clean water, and the number of underweight children.
14. What are some of the limitations of using the HDI as a measure of human development?
Answer: The HDI does not take into account the distribution of human development within a country. It is also possible for a country to have a high HDI while still having significant problems with poverty, inequality, and discrimination.
15. What are some of the factors that contribute to high levels of human development?
Answer: Some of the factors that contribute to high levels of human development include investment in education and healthcare, good governance, and political stability.
16. What are some of the factors that contribute to low levels of human development?
Answer: Some of the factors that contribute to low levels of human development include political instability, social uprisings, war, famine, and disease.
17. What are some of the criticisms of blaming low levels of human development on culture?
Answer: Blaming low levels of human development on culture is misleading because it ignores the role of government policy, political environment, and resource distribution in shaping human development.
18. What can be done to improve human development in countries with low levels?
Answer: Countries with low levels of human development can improve their performance by investing in education and healthcare, promoting good governance, and ensuring equitable distribution of resources.
19. What are some of the challenges of measuring human development?
Answer: One of the challenges of measuring human development is that it is a complex concept that encompasses a wide range of factors. It is also difficult to measure human development in a way that is both objective and meaningful.
20. Why is it important to measure human development?
Answer: Measuring human development is important because it can help us to identify areas where progress is being made and where there is still a need for improvement. It can also be used to track progress over time and to compare performance across different countries.
Colour By : Himashree Bora.
