Here are 20 important questions and answers from Chapter: "Introduction to Dairy Farming," Session 1: Dairy Farming in India for Class 11 Agriculture Subject:

Short Answer Questions

  1. What is dairy farming?
    Dairy farming involves the management of cattle for the production of milk and its products.

  2. Name the main dairy breeds of cattle in India.
    Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Tharparkar are the main dairy breeds.

  3. What are the components of dairy farming?
    Feeding, breeding, milking, health care, and marketing.

  4. Why is dairy farming important in India?
    It provides nutrition (milk), employment, and income to rural families.

  5. Which organization is responsible for milk production and distribution in India?
    The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).

  6. What is the role of the Operation Flood program?
    It revolutionized the dairy industry by increasing milk production and creating a nationwide milk grid.

  7. What are exotic breeds of cattle? Name two.
    Exotic breeds are imported cattle, like Holstein Friesian and Jersey.

  8. List the major milk-producing states in India.
    Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Gujarat, and Andhra Pradesh.

  9. What is the average lactation period for cows?
    305 days.

  10. What are dual-purpose breeds of cattle?
    Breeds used for both milk production and agricultural work, e.g., Haryana and Ongole.

Long Answer Questions

  1. Explain the challenges faced by dairy farmers in India.

    • Lack of quality feed and fodder.
    • Poor veterinary services.
    • Low milk productivity.
    • Market price fluctuations.

  2. What are the steps for maintaining cattle health?

    • Proper vaccination.
    • Regular veterinary check-ups.
    • Clean drinking water and housing.
    • Balanced diet and supplements.

  3. Describe the significance of crossbreeding in dairy farming.
    Crossbreeding combines the productivity of exotic breeds with the adaptability of indigenous breeds to improve milk yield and disease resistance.

  4. What are the essential qualities of good dairy cattle?

    • High milk yield.
    • Disease resistance.
    • Good reproductive efficiency.

  5. Discuss the advantages of cooperative dairy farming in India.

    • Better marketing and fair pricing.
    • Access to veterinary care and feed.
    • Profit sharing among members.

  6. What role does dairy farming play in rural development?

    • Generates employment.
    • Provides a source of income for small and marginal farmers.
    • Supports women's empowerment.

  7. Explain the methods of milk preservation used by farmers.

    • Chilling centers.
    • Pasteurization.
    • Traditional methods like boiling.

  8. What is the significance of Artificial Insemination (AI) in dairy farming?
    AI is used to improve genetic quality and milk yield by introducing high-quality bull semen into dairy herds.

  9. Explain the environmental impact of dairy farming.

    • Greenhouse gas emissions (methane).
    • Overgrazing leading to soil erosion.
    • Improper manure management causing water pollution.

  10. What steps can be taken to make dairy farming sustainable in India?

    • Promotion of organic dairy farming.
    • Improved cattle health management.
    • Use of renewable energy for processing milk.