Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian Freedom Struggle
Very short answer question:
1. When was Mahatma Gandhi born?
Answer: On 2 October 1869 at Porbandar, Gujarat.
2. In which country did Gandhi first apply the technique of Satyagraha?
Answer: In South Africa.
3. Why did Rabindranath Tagore give up the title of 'Knight'?
Answer: Rabindranath Tagore renounced the title of 'Knight' in protest against the Jaliwanwala Bagh massacre.
4. The Who led the Khilafat movement in India?
Answer: Under the leadership of Maulana Chowkat Ali and Mohammad Ali.
5. When did the Chourichaura incident take place?
Answer:On 5 February
6. Under what circumstances did Lala Lajpat Rai die?
Answer: The police brutally fired batons at an anti-Simon rally led by Lala Lajpat Rai in Lahore, in which Lajpat Rai was seriously injured and died.
7. When and at which session of the Indian National Congress was the demand for full Swaraj raised as the main demand of Indians?
Answer: At the Congress session held in Lahore in
8. Gandhiji went from Sabarimala Ashram to the beach of Dandi to break the Loan Act. What is the distance between Sabarimala Ashram and Dandi?
Answer: The distance is 385 km.
9. Who is known as Seemant Gandhi?
Answer: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.
10. Who represented the Congress solely at the Second Round Table Conference held in London?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi.
11. What was the name of the British Prime Minister who declared communal partition in 1932?
Answer: Ramsay McDonald.
12. During which movement did Gandhiji give the slogan “Karim Kimba Marim”?
Answer: During the Quit India Movement of
13. Who is the founder of the Azad Hind Fauj?
Answer: Rasbihari Bose (the idea was first proposed by Captain Mohan Singh).
14. Which Indian leader made the famous slogan "Give me blood, I will give you freedom"?
Answer: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
15. What is the border between India and Pakistan known as?
Answer: The Redcliffe Line.
Long answer questions:
1. What is Satyagraha? Briefly describe the three local disputes in which Gandhi first applied satyagraha.
Answer: Satyagraha is a spiritual movement, a process of purification and atonement. He used satyagraha to resolve three incidents in Champaran in northern Bihar, Khera in Gujarat and Ahmedabad in 1917-18 and later became an influential political leader for his skills. The three local disputes in which Gandhi first applied satyagraha are mentioned below
(i) Champaran (North Bihar) Dispute:- In Champaran he led the common peasants against the landowners.
(ii) Khera (Gujarat) dispute:- In Khera, farmers spoke out against the excesses imposed by the government despite the destruction of their crops.
(iii) Ahmedabad (Gujarat) Dispute:- In Ahmedabad, he spoke out against the mill owners on behalf of the disadvantaged mill workers.
In each of these programmes, he used "satyagraha" as a strategy where the ideals were truth and non-violence.
2. Why did the Khilafat movement start in India?
Answer: World War I began on 28 June The countries of the world were divided into two factions. One side was the Allied Powers with the participating countries being Britain, France, Russia, Japan and the other side was the Central Powers 一Germany, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire. Lebanon, Palestine, etc.) groups. The empire began in 1299 AD and rose to prominence in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. The Ottoman Empire included several holy places for Muslims. The Caliph led it. After the defeat of the Central Powers in World War I, a peace treaty was signed with the Allies. After the peace treaty was signed, the states of the Ottoman Empire under the Allies were divided and the position of the Islamic leader, the Caliph, became increasingly weak. At that time, Muslims all over the world formed the Khilafat movement, hoping to secure their holy places. Maulana Mohammad Ali and Maulana Chowkat Ali called for the "All India Muslim Convention" in 1919 and encouraged the Muslims of India to join the movement. Later, Muslims in the country, including Mahatma Gandhi, supported the movement.
3. Why did Gandhiji launch the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920-22? What was its agenda? Why did Gandhiji stop this movement?
Answer: The "Non-Cooperation Movement" was the first largest movement in the history of the freedom struggle of India in which people from most parts of the country spontaneously participated. The major factors that fueled the non-cooperation movement were -
(i) Indian discontent in World War I,
(ii) the repressive principles of the Rawlat Act,
(iii) Jallianawala Bagh Massacre of 1919,
(iv) Economic exploitation of India by the British,
(v) Support for the Khilafat movement.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched on 1 August 1920 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
Its various programs were 一
(i) Boycott of foreign goods, clothing, liquor, etc.
(ii) Schools and colleges by students
Editing By:- Lipi Medhi
