Very short answer question:
1. What changes took place in the revenue collection system of Assam after the establishment of British rule?
Answer:- Taxes were collected in money or currency.
2. In which year did Moffat Mills come to Assam?
Answer:- In 1853.
3. Who were the Keyas?
Answer:- They are members of the Marwari community.
4. The Who led the 1857 uprising in Assam?
Answer:- Maniram Dewan.
5. Which Ahom prince did the rebels of Assam want to reinstate on the Ahom throne in the 1857 mutiny?
Answer:- Kandarpeswar Singh.
6. Which Bengali freedman helped Maniram Dewan?
Answer:- Madhu Mallick
7. Who was hanged with Maniram Dewan?
Answer:- Pioli Baroua.
8. Who judged Maniram Dewan?
Answer:- Captain Holroyd.
9. State two reasons for the failure of the 1857 mutiny in Assam.
Answer:- (a) The rebels of Assam did not receive the necessary weapons.
(b) The methods of the rebels were not hidden.
10. In which years were ticket tax and income tax introduced?
Answer:- Ticket tax in 1858 and income tax in
11. Write down two reasons for the plight of the farmers of Assam during the British era.
Answer:- (a) Collected various taxes from the farmers but took no steps for their improvement.
(b) Nothing was exempted to the farmers even during famine, natural disasters and epidemics.
12. Who was Lieutenant Singer?
Answer:- He was the Assistant Commissioner of Nagaon.
13. When did the Phulguri raid take place?
Answer:- In 1861.
14. When did the peasant uprising in Rangia take place?
Answer:- In 1893.
15. Where is Lachima located?
Answer:- It is located in Sarukshetri Mouza of North Kamrup, Assam.
16. When did the Lachima peasant uprising take place?
Answer:- In 1894.
17. When did the Pathrughat peasant uprising take place?
Answer:- In 1894.
18. Who led the Jaintia Rebellion in 1861?
Answer:- Okiang Nongbah.
19. Who led the tribal uprising in North Kachar in 1881?
Answer:- Address Kachari.
20. Who sentenced Tikendrajit to death?
Answer:- The British Government.
21. In which year was J. W. Quinton assassinated?
Answer:- In 1891.
Long answer questions:
1. Briefly discuss the causes of the rebellion of 1857-5
Answer:- According to the Treaty of Yandaboo in 1826, the rule of Assam passed to the British. This incident caused a great blow to the national consciousness and self-esteem of the people of Assam. So they organized and started a rebellion. In addition, the high-ranking officials of the Ahom dynasty made plans to restore Kandapeshwar Singh to the throne, which resulted in a rebellion.
The British imposed heavy taxes on the common people. They increased the treasury of the land. By the time the British came to Assam, Brahmins, Gohais and Satradhikars received Lakheraj land without treasury. The British took the land from them. The elite of Assam tried to associate themselves with the British rule but failed due to lack of modern education. During the British rule, educated persons were brought from Bengal and employed in the offices and courts of Assam. As a result, the elite of Assam lost their jobs. Some were given the responsibility of mouzadars and revenue collection, but most of the responsibilities were entrusted to Bengalis and Marwaris from Bengal and western India. Under British rule, the leader of the rebellion, Maniram Dewan, also lost his government position. Family members of the Ahom dynasty, high-ranking officers, priests, Brahmins, etc. could keep servants, slaves, daughters, etc. with them. The British abolished that tradition. This also made the wealthy people of the society dissatisfied with the British.
2. Discuss the role of Maniram Dewan in the 1857-58 mutiny in Assam.
Answer:- Maniram Dewan belonged to the old aristocratic family of Assam. He witnessed the suffering of the Assamese people during the invasion of Assam by the Mans and how Assam fell under the British in Initially, he was not opposed to British rule. He was appointed Chirstadar and later Dewan under the British. But later British-owned Assam. T.S. He joined the company. However, he became angry with the government for not receiving some of the benefits he deserved from the government. Finally, he decided that his life would not improve under British rule and that could only be possible if the Ahom monarchy was re-established. He dreamed of overthrowing British rule from Assam and re-establishing the Ahom monarchy by installing Kandarpeswar Singh, grandson of the Ahom king Purandara Singh, on the throne.
In 1853, Moffat Mills, Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court, came to Assam to investigate the administration of the state. Maniram Dewan then filed two petitions with him. In one he gave a report on his services to the British Government and asked for some of the fruits thereof, and in the other he wrote in detail about the establishment of the Ahom monarchy in parts of southern Assam and the plight of the elite.
Mill reviewed various aspects of the report but ultimately did not respond to Maniram Dewan. Instead, he described him as a schemer. The mill report dashed the hopes of Maniram Dewan and he became completely anti-British. Knowing his limitations, he went to Calcutta in early 1857 and petitioned the government to make Kandarpeswar Singh king. However, the Lieutenant of Bengal was unable to meet the Governor.
At that time, a sepoy mutiny against the British broke out in Meerut. As soon as he learned of the rebellion, he thought of overthrowing British rule in Assam with the help of Indian troops in the British army. He sent some secret letters from Calcutta to Kandarpeswar Singh and other disbelievers in Jorhat. The plan was that the soldiers of Assam under the Ahom king Kandarpeswar Singh would rebel and Maniram Dewan would come from Calcutta with weapons to help them. Some of the elite of Assam like Bahadur Gaonbura, Farmud Ali, Piyli Barua, Dutiram Barua, Mayaram Nazir and others responded to Maniram Dewan's call. Unfortunately, in September 1857, British officer Captain Holroyd intercepted several letters written by Maniram Dewan, which mentioned his conspiracy against the British. Kandarpeswar Singh was arrested by the British and imprisoned in Alipur Jail in Calcutta. Meanwhile, Maniram Dewan, who was hiding in Calcutta, was tracked down by the British and kept in Alipur Jail for several months and sent to Jorhat. Finally, the government hanged him on 26 February 1858 along with Pioli Barua.
3. Discuss the reasons why the mutiny of 1857-58 failed in Assam.
Answer:- (a) The rebellion did not involve all sections of the society and Maniram Dewan and his associates made no effort in this regard.
(b) The leaders of the rebellion had no sense of timing. They prepared various plans but could not implement them on time.
(c) The rebels of Assam did not receive the necessary weapons. Maniram Dewan was supposed to supply weapons but was caught earlier.
(d) The British knew most of their plans in advance and crushed the rebellion accordingly.
(e) The number of rebels was quite small. The supporters of the rebellion were confined to Jorhat and Shivsagar.
(f) The British conspired to keep Maniram Dewan, the chief administrator of the rebellion, far away from the scene of the rebellion. Maniram Dewan stayed in Calcutta and led the rebellion by sending letters and messages from there.
(g) As in other parts of India, Indian soldiers in the British army did not join the rebellion. This also reduced the strength of the rebellion.
(h) The rebels of Assam failed to keep their actions secret. The British thwarted many plans with advance knowledge of their course of action.
4. The Discuss the importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam.
Answer:- The impact or importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam is as follows
(a) Although the British Government was able to suppress the rebellion in Assam in 1857 with harsh hands. However, for the first time in the history of Assam, Assam was involved in an all-India historical event.
(b) The peasant uprisings that started in Assam from 1861 onwards were inspired by the 1857 uprising.
(c) The two major communities in Assam, Hindus and Muslims, came together and participated in the rebellion and fueled the development of nationalism.
(d) Like other fighters of the Indian Independence Movement from the 1857 mutiny, the Assamese fighters were inspired by the work of Maniram Dewan and his associates.
5. Write a note on Phulguri Dhawa.
Answer:- (a) After the 1857 mutiny, the British Government imposed income tax on most of the goods produced in Assam in order to strengthen the treasury.
(b) Protest against the rule and exploitation of the British Government around Assam.
(c) The anger of the people increased 一 especially the prohibition of opium cultivation, increase of rent on flat land, and imposition of jizya tax on produce.
(d) On 18 October 1861, a large gathering of leaderless peasants from various areas was held under Phulguri Barahat under Raha Revenue Circle of Nagaon district.
(e) On that day, the British officer Singer, who had come to inquire about the mutiny, was beaten to death by the angry people and his body was drowned in the stream of the Kalang River.
(f) The next day, the armed British forces opened fire on the protesters gathered in the same place.
(g) 39 innocent farmers died. 66 people were arrested and 32 of them were sent to black water. The British brutally killed 15 other people in the Phulguri area.
6. Discuss the peasant uprising of 1894 in North Kamrup.
Answer:- The British government did not learn anything from the 1861 peasant uprising in Phulguri. Instead, they continued to increase the amount of treasury on the farmers. In 1892, the farmers lost patience when the Chief Commissioner of Assam Ward increased the treasury rate to 100%. As a result, a series of peasant uprisings broke out in Assam from December There are several areas in Rangia and Lachima in North Kamrup where people decided not to pay the treasury. They also announced that the farmers who paid the treasury to the government would be expelled from the society. At the same time, the peasants fought against the Marwaris who mortgaged their land and lent it to the peasants.
On 24 December 1893, the looting uprising began in Rangia Bazar. On December 30, the peasants of Rangia and nearby lightly insulted the Tahsildar of the area, Radhanath Barua, and looted the mortgage documents of the land held by the Marwari Mahajan. The situation was brought under control by the government's intervention that day. The police administration was initially unable to arrest anyone as the farmers were well organized. On 8 January 1894, the farmers held a rise-mell to present their grievances to the Commissioner. Police arrested 15 farmers from there. On January 10, about 3,000 farmers from various mouzas gathered at a rice meet and demanded the release of the prisoners. When the Commissioner asked for a representative from among them for negotiations, the farmers shouted that they would not be paid the increased treasury and tried to force their way into the police station. The farmers left the scene when Commissioner McCab ordered the shooting. The Commissioner then demanded a notice and issued an order that no one could hold a mail anywhere without his prior permission. The Commissioner conspired to appoint some persons from among the peasants as constables and with their help persuaded the peasants to pay the treasury and tried to establish peace in the Rayats. However, despite these steps by the government, the rallies did not stop. Protests continued in other parts of North Kamrup.
7. Presentation of an account of the peasant uprising of 1894 at Pathrughat.
Answer:- Like North Kamrup, people in Darang district had been protesting against the increased treasury since January 1894 by holding rallies. The protest was held in Kalaigaon, Mangaldai, Sipajhar and Pathrughat tehsils of Mangaldai sub-division. After holding rice meets in their respective areas, a large three-day rice meet was held at Pathrughat from 26 to 28 January.
The 2013 FIFA World Cup is a spectacular event for the country's football team. D.Sc. Andrason.to that effect. The district governor ordered Superintendent of Police J.S. R.S. Werrington.with police and military arrived at Pathrughat.
Barrington, who was visiting the venue, was surrounded by about 200 people. He managed to escape the anger of the people and informed the District Governor, who was taking refuge in the rest camp, of the incident. A few hours later, about 2,000 farmers rushed towards the camp with sticks and bamboo scythes in their hands. When the angry people arrived at the rest camp, the District Governor ordered them to leave immediately. The farmers did not leave the area and the Superintendent of Police ordered them to use force to remove them. The victims were identified as 19-year-old Arun Kumar, 19, and 18-year-old Arun Kumar, The district governor ordered the shooting. According to official figures, 15 people were killed and 37 injured, but according to unofficial figures, 140 farmers were killed and 150 injured.
8. Write a note on the rebellion of the Jaintias against the British in
Answer:- (a) The kingdom of Jaintia passed to the British in 1835 from the hands of King Rajendra Singh. The free-thinking Jaintias were upset by their annexation to the British.
(b) Civil and criminal trials were conducted by themselves under political representatives. But the British administration found fault with it.
(c) The British paved the way for revenue collection by imposing restrictions on open collective fishing and firewood collection by tribal people. The British also imposed income taxes and household taxes to impose authority over them. Interference in religious and traditional ceremonies and social life, restrictions and discipline on traditional weapons also made the Jaintias anti-British.
(d) When the British first introduced the Ghar Tax, the Jaintias rebelled by removing the Tahsildar of Jawai. Immediately, rebellions broke out in Jaintiapur, Mulagol, Jaflong and Chera.
(e) In 1861, Jaintia declared a strong rebellion against the British under the leadership of Uqiang Naba.
(f) On 17 January 1862, the Jaintias attacked the British camp at Jowai and blocked the Jowai-Cherrapunji and Cherrapunji-Jaintipur roads.
(g) The special forces sent by the British Government to control the Jaintias committed mental torture against the people. The rebels also killed numerous opponents.
(h) The British made extensive administrative changes in the Jaintia region. The rebels were weakened by continuous government attacks.
(i) Ukiang Nwa, the leader of the rebellion, was eventually captured by the British and hanged by the British in the presence of many people. Many of the rebels later surrendered to the British voluntarily. By 1863, the Jaintia Rebellion ended.
9. Write about the 1891 rebellion against the British in Manipur led by Tikendrajit.
Answer:- (a) In 1890, a domestic dispute broke out in the royal family of Manipur for the throne. The then Chief Commissioner of Assam unnecessarily intervened in the dispute.
(b) On 21 September 1890, Yuvraj Kulchandra deposed Maharaja Surachandra and became king himself. Surachandra sought help from the British but the British recognized Kulchandra as their king.
(c) At the same time, the British put pressure on Raja Kulchandra to deport Tikendrajit, the main leader of the rebellion.
(d) But it was not possible for Kulchand to deport Tikendrajit, who was fighting for the independence of the country, at the behest of the British.
(e) Therefore, the Chief Commissioner of Assam, J.S. W. W. 2010. Quinton. Four other officers tried to arrest him but were killed by the freedom fighters.
(f) To avenge this incident, a large army left for Manipur and captured Bir Tikendrajit there. Tikendrajit was hanged for opposing British rule and killing an officer and Raja Kulchandra was sentenced to exile.
(g) After this incident, the British proclaimed the minor Prince Churchandra as king and a representative of the British government became king and took over the administrative affairs of Manipur.
Write a brief:
1. The revenue system introduced by the British in Assam.
Answer:- The East India Company established itself as a powerful ruler in India in the thirties and forties of the nineteenth century. After taking over the administration in various ways, he was able to bring the economy under control with a new revenue system. In the new revenue system, the government focused only on collecting taxes. He took no steps to alleviate the suffering of the poor people. The system of collecting taxes through currency or money made the situation of the Assamese people even worse. The monetary economy created an interest-bearing mahajan class in Assam and the people borrowed money from these mahajans and paid revenue to the British. The British revenue system caused strong dissatisfaction in the minds of the people.
2. Maniram Dewan.
Answer:- Maniram Barbhanda Baroua belonged to the old aristocratic family of Assam. He witnessed the suffering of the Assamese people during the invasion of Assam by the Mans and how Assam fell under the British in Initially, he was not opposed to British rule. He was appointed Chirstdar and later Dewan under the British. However, later the British-owned Assam T.S. He joined the company but became angry with the government for not receiving any benefits from the government. Finally, he decided that his life would not improve under British rule and that this could only be possible if the Ahom monarchy was re-established. He dreamed of overthrowing British rule from Assam and re-establishing the Ahom monarchy by installing Kandarpeswar Singh, grandson of the Ahom king Purandara Singh, on the throne. After several failed attempts to inform the government about the plight of the Assamese elite, he became completely anti-British. Knowing his limitations, he went to Calcutta in early 1857 and petitioned the government to make Kandarpeswar Singh king. However, the Lieutenant of Bengal was unable to meet the Governor.
While in Calcutta, he learned of the sepoy mutiny that had started across the country and immediately thought of overthrowing British rule by rebelling in Assam with the help of Indian soldiers in the British army. He sent some secret letters from Calcutta to Kandarpeswar Singh and other disbelievers in Jorhat. According to the plan, the soldiers of Assam under the Ahom king Kandarpeswar Singh would rebel and Maniram Dewan would come from Calcutta with weapons to help them. Unfortunately, in September 1857, British officer Captain Holroyd intercepted several letters written by Maniram Dewan, which mentioned his conspiracy against the British. Within a short time, the British tracked down Maniram Dewan, who was hiding in Calcutta, and kept him in Alipur Jail for several months and sent him to Jorhat. Finally, the government hanged him on 26 February 1858 along with Pioli Barua.
3. Phulguri Dhawa.
Answer:- After the 1857 mutiny, the British government imposed income taxes on most of the goods produced in Assam in order to strengthen the treasury. Protests against the rule and exploitation of the British government began around Assam. The anger of the people increased 一 especially the banning of opium cultivation, increasing the treasury on flat land, and imposing jizya tax on produce. On 18 October 1861, a large gathering of leaderless peasants from various areas was held under Phulguri Barahat under Raha Revenue Circle of Nagaon district. Singer, a British officer who had come to inquire about the mutiny, was beaten to death by the angry people and his body was drowned in the stream of the Kalang River. The next day, armed British forces opened indiscriminate fire on the protesters gathered at the same place. 39 innocent farmers died. 66 people were arrested and 32 of them were sent to Kaliapani. The British brutally killed 15 other people in the Phulguri area.
4. The The peasant uprising of Lachima.
Answer:- Rise meals were held in parts of Assam in protest against the repressive policies of the British government and the consequences of excessive tax collection. There are many reasons why farmers are aware of these issues. There are many reasons why farmers are aware of these issues. On 21 January 1894, Dasoram Chowdhury and Mandal Haliram Mishra, the Mouzadars of Surukshetri Mouza in Bajali area, were severely beaten by the people while they were going to collect treasure. The Mouzadar was killed in the incident. A team led by the Barpeta Sub-Divisional Magistrate arrested 75 people involved in the incident and brought them to temporary camps. The prisoners were released after a group of about 3,000 people threatened to burn down the camp. The next day, Commissioner McKee arrested another 59 rebel peasants and put them in jail. On the 25th, a petition signed by 6,000 people demanding the release of the prisoners was handed over to the Commissioner. The Commissioner refused and forcibly drove the people away. The people arrested by the police were subjected to mental torture. The arrested men were tied around their necks and plowed in their hands to warn the people. 16 were sentenced to hard labor. Later, the Calcutta High Court ordered some of the sentences of the convicts to be commuted.
5. The Battle of Pathrughat.
Answer:- Like Kamrup, the people of Darang district had been protesting against the increased treasury since January 1894 by holding rallies. The protest was held in Kalaigaon, Mangaldai, Sipajhar and Pathrughat tehsils of Mangaldai sub-division. After holding rice meets in their respective areas, a large three-day rice meet was held at Pathrughat from 26 to 28 January. The 2013 FIFA World Cup is a spectacular event for the country's football team. D.Sc. He informed Anderson about it. The district governor ordered Superintendent of Police J.S. R.S. Werrington arrived at Pathrughat with police and military forces.
Barrington, who was visiting the venue, was surrounded by about 200 people. He managed to escape the anger of the people and informed the District Governor, who was taking refuge in the rest camp, of the incident. A few hours later, about 2,000 farmers rushed towards the camp with sticks and bamboo scythes in their hands. When the angry people arrived at the rest camp, the District Governor ordered them to leave immediately. The farmers refused to leave and ordered the Superintendent of Police to use force to remove the farmers. The victims were identified as 19-year-old Arun Kumar, 19, and 18-year-old Arun Kumar, The district governor ordered the shooting. According to official figures, 15 people were killed and 37 injured. However, according to unofficial estimates, 140 farmers were killed and 150 injured.
6. The importance of peasant uprisings in Assam.
Answer:- The impact or importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam is as follows
(a) Although the British Government was able to suppress the uprising in Assam in 1857 with harsh hands, Assam was involved in an all-India historical event for the first time in the history of Assam.
(b) The peasant uprisings that started in Assam from 1861 onwards were inspired by the 1857 uprising.
(c) The two major communities in Assam, Hindus and Muslims, came together and participated in the rebellion and fueled the development of nationalism.
(d) Like other fighters of the Indian Independence Movement from the 1857 mutiny, the Assamese fighters were inspired by the work of Maniram Dewan and his associates.
7. Tikendrajit.
Answer:- In 1890, a domestic dispute broke out in the royal family of Manipur for the throne. The Chief Commissioner of Assam then unnecessarily intervened in the dispute. On 21 September 1890, Yuvraj Kulchandra dethroned Maharaja Surachandra and became king himself. Surachandra sought help from the British but the British recognized Kulchandra as their king. At the same time, the British pressured King Kulchandra to deport Tikendrajit, the main leader of the rebellion. However, it was not possible for Kulchand to deport Tikendrajit, who was fighting for the independence of the country. Therefore, the Chief Commissioner of Assam, J.S. W. W. Quinton and four officers tried to arrest him but were killed by the freedom fighters. To avenge this incident, a large army left for Manipur and captured Bir Tikendrajit there. Tikendrajit was hanged for opposing British rule and killing an officer and Raja Kulchandra was sentenced to exile.
Additional and Question Bank Answer
1. Briefly on the importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam.
answer: The 1857 mutiny was of significant importance in Assam. This rebellion expressed the protest of the Assamese people against British imperialism. Although the rebellion was not successful, more importantly, it helped to create a sense of freedom and rights among the Assamese people. The rebellion brought together peasants, tribes, and people from different communities and gave them a new impetus towards independence. This incident later provided a platform for the nationalist movement in Assam.
Key topics:
1. Protest against British imperialism.
2. Role in creating freedom consciousness among the Assamese people.
3. Unity of peasants and tribes.
4. Later the inspiration of the nationalist movement.
2. Write down the reasons for the plight of the farmers and cottage industries in Assam during the British rule
Answer:The reasons for the plight of the farmers and cottage industries in Assam during the British rule are:
Rent and Taxes: The British government imposed high rents and taxes, which put the peasants in financial trouble.
Land grabbing: The British rulers grabbed land from the local peasants and deprived them of labour.
Trade system: Trade system was unsettling for the squatters, which reduced their income.
Natural Crises: Natural crises for paddy and other agricultural production also caused difficulties to the farmers.
Harsh policies of governance: The British government ruthlessly interfered with local culture and traditions, which increased discontent among the locals.
3. Briefly write about the measures taken by Robertson and Frey Jenkins to reform the district administration of Assam during the British rule.
Answer:The measures taken by Robertson and Frey Jenkins to reform the district administration of Assam during the British rule are:
Role of local officials: Frey Jenkins tried to improve local administration by giving power and authority to local officials.
Judgment: New policies and changes were introduced from the government to the judiciary to create a more fair and coherent judiciary.
Economic Development: Various economic policies were adopted to develop agriculture, industry and commerce, thus improving the financial condition of the local people.
Improvement of education and culture: Progress was also made in education by establishing new schools and cultural centres.
Answer: The reasons for the failure of the 1857-58 mutiny in Assam are:
Disorganization: There was a lack of organization among the rebels, which prevented them from acting in a unified manner.
Lack of military strength: The military strength of the rebels was limited against the well-awakened and organized British army.
Lack of support from the people: The uprising has not been able to win the support of the entire population, especially since some sections of the population were afraid of repression by the government.
British strategy: The British administration took immediate measures to suppress the rebels with the help of strategic measures and police.
Sincere conflict: Internal conflicts and conflicts of interest among the rebels further weakened the rebellion.
All these factors combined to indicate the failure of the 1857-58 mutiny in Assam.
5. Why did the rebellion take place in Assam in 1857-58?
Answer: The reasons for the rebellion in Assam in 1857-58 are:
British oppression: There were rebellions as a result of the oppression and repression of peasants and people involved in cottage industries under British rule.
Financial problems: Farmers faced crisis due to rent increases and economic recession.
Cultural intervention: The British interference in local culture, traditions and religion was also a major cause of the rebellion.
New tax policy: The new taxes and regulations increased the dissatisfaction of the local people, which led to rebellion.
organization and unity: Calls for unity and mobilization among peasants and other groups in different regions created tension for the uprising.
All these factors combined to lead to the revolt in Assam in 1857-5
6. List two main causes of rebellion.
Answer: The two main causes of the rebellion are:
Oppression of British rule: The rebellion began as a result of the oppression and repression of the peasants and the local people by the British.
Economic pressures: Rent increases and economic problems, such as recession and open tax policies, caused strong discontent among the people.
7. Briefly write about the role of Maniram Dewan in the 1857 mutiny.
Answer: Maniram Dewan played an important role in the 1857 mutiny. He was active in defending the rights of the peasants in Assam and building resistance against British rule. Maniram Dewan organized peasants in various parts of Assam and inspired them to rebel.
8. Write a brief description of the peasant uprising in Rangia.
Answer: The peasant uprising of Rangia took place in The rebellion was the result of continued oppression by British rule. Peasants began a revolt to protest against high rents and British carrying restrictions on production. This incident sparked a massive uprising among the peasants of the state, aimed at regaining their rights.
9 .Who else was hanged with Maniram Dewan ?
Answer: Maniram Dewan was hanged along with Senapati Tikendrajit and another leader.
10. Briefly discuss the causes of the 1857-58 rebellion in India and its impact on Assam.
Answer: The causes of the 1857-58 rebellion in India and its impact on Assam will be discussed as follows:
Reasons:
Social and economic discontent: Under British rule, the burden of taxes and rents on the peasants increased, making life difficult for the peasants.
Cultural and religious interference: British activities and religious throne rule interfered with indigenous culture and religious practices, leading to increased protests.
Army dissatisfaction: The soldiers of the English army had problems with their food, clothing, and pay, especially with growing dissatisfaction with authoritarian actions.
Problems of rank: There was an imbalance of rank within the British army, which increased frustration among the soldiers.
Impact on Assam:
Inspiration for Rebellion: The 1857 Rebellion inspired peasant uprisings and other local protests in Assam.
Changes in District Administration: The British rulers learned from the fear of rebellion and made some changes in district administration in Assam to take care of the right of association of the local people and change the rule.
Administrative austerity: As a result of the rebellion, the British government adopted austerity policies in Assam, which increased social and political pressure.
Increase in public consciousness: During the uprising, national consciousness developed among the people of Assam, which later led to the independence movement.
Thus, the mutiny of 1857-58 was an important event in the history of India and its causes and effects were felt significantly in Assam.
11. Who wrote a petition to Moffat Mills against the imposition of land rent increases on Assamese farmers?
Answer:Maniram Dewan wrote a petition to Moffat Mills against the increase in land rent from Assamese farmers. Maniram Dewan, who fought for the rights of farmers in Assam, informed against this rent increase and called for help for the farmers.
12. Briefly discuss the importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam.
Answer: The importance of the 1857 mutiny in Assam is noteworthy in several respects:
Protest against British rule: This uprising reflected the dissatisfaction of the peasants and other people against British rule in Assam. It was a symbolic sign that opposition to British rule was likely to increase among the Assamese people.
Starting sequence: The 1857 rebellion played an old inspiration for rebellions in other parts of India. As the peasants in Assam organized for their rights and freedom, this incident is considered as a guide to the freedom movement across the country.
Social Organization: This rebellion awakened a sense of organization and unity among the society of Assam. Peasants and social groups joined forces, which resulted in the growth of the idea of organizing against exploitation and suffering.
Education and Awareness: This rebellion brought political awareness among the people, which led to the need for education and political knowledge among more people.
For these reasons, the 1857 mutiny is considered to be an important event in the history of Assam.
13. In which year was slavery banned in Assam?
Answer: Slavery was banned in Assam in
14. Briefly write about the role of Rice Mel in the peasant uprising in Assam.
Answer: Ricemail played a particularly important role in the peasant uprising in Assam. The farmers met at the 'Rice Mel' and raised their problems and demands. These mails increased the unity of the peasants in protesting against deprivation, rent increases, and other inconsistencies. Through the organization of 'Rice Mels', the peasants came together to discuss their rights and demands. These mails gave the peasants a resolve of unity, paving the way for agitation and rebellion. In addition, the Rise Mels enabled the peasants to express their dissatisfaction with the local administration, which formed a significant movement against British rule. Thus, the Rise Mels served as a powerful platform in the peasant uprising in Assam, mobilizing the peasants to fight for their rights.
15. Discuss the revenue system introduced by the East India Company in Assam.
Answer: The East India Company was a significant step in introducing a revenue system in Assam. This system had a profound impact on the land and farmers of Assam. Some of the main aspects are discussed below:
Land Tax: The East India Company introduced a carrierless revenue system to collect land rent in Assam. Farmers had to pay rent to the government as part of their production. This high rent put colorful pressure on the farmers.
Plight of farmers: Farmers faced difficulties in protecting their land due to rent increases and government regulations. Many farmers had to sell their land to maintain taxes, which increased landlessness.
Revenue Administration: The East India Company developed a new state structure and formulated policies on zami rights and land distribution. This system created inequality in the distribution of land ownership and took some share and earned benefits for local generals and chamils.
Administrative Employment: The company employed new officers for the purpose of easing the administration of the local revenue system. These officers maintained control over the local people and adopted strict policies in the collection of rents.
Adverse Effects: This revenue system created discontent among the local tribes and peasants. These discontents were expressed through peasant uprisings, especially during the 1857 uprising.
In summary, the revenue system introduced by the East India Company had a negative impact on the standard of living of the peasants in Assam and created various problems in the local society.
Editing By:- Lipi Medhi
