Chapter 6
C.1. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Which emperor banned the playing of the pungi? Do you think that it is against the right to expression?
Ans: Emperor Aurangzeb banned the playing of the pungi in the royal residence because he found its sound shrill and unpleasant. While a ruler has the authority to decide what is played in their court, a complete ban on an art form could be seen as a suppression of artistic expression, which is against the right to freedom of expression. Everyone should have the right to create, express, and share art, even if it’s not widely accepted.
2. Ustad Khan refused the celluloid world after two films. Was it a loss to the cinema world or gain to Hindustani Music? Discuss.
Ans: Though it may have been a loss to the cinema world, as his talent could have enriched film music, his refusal was a greater gain to Hindustani classical music. By dedicating himself to pure music, Ustad Bismillah Khan preserved the dignity and tradition of shehnai, taking it from temples and weddings to the international stage. His focus helped classical music flourish without the influence of glamour or commercialism.
3. Capture in your own words the feelings of the Ustad, when he received Bharat Ratna.
Ans: When Ustad Bismillah Khan received the Bharat Ratna, his heart filled with joy. Holding India’s highest civilian honour, his eyes sparkled with happiness. He didn't boast, but humbly shared his belief: “Teach your children music. It is Hindustan’s richest tradition.” This showed his deep love for Indian music and culture, and his dream to pass it on to the next generations.
4. 'Only in India it is possible that a devout Muslim like Khan Saheb can very naturally play the Shehnai every morning at Kashi Vishwanath temple.' What light does this statement throw on India's cultural heritage? Discuss.
Ans: This statement reflects the composite and inclusive culture of India. Despite religious differences, people in India have historically come together in art, music, and festivals. A Muslim like Bismillah Khan playing a Hindu temple’s morning shehnai beautifully highlights India’s unity in diversity, mutual respect, and secular spirit where traditions merge without discrimination.
5. Describe the incident of Ustad Khan visiting Pakistan.
Ans: Ustad Bismillah Khan was once asked about Partition and whether he ever thought of moving to Pakistan. He replied with humor and love for his homeland, saying, “God forbid! Me, leave Benaras? Never!” He visited Pakistan only once, stayed for an hour, greeted people across both borders with namaskar and salaam alaikum, and returned with a laugh. This incident reflects his deep patriotism and attachment to India.
6. How did shehnai get its name? Describe in your own words the process how the Pungi became the shehnai.
Ans: The pungi, once banned for its harsh sound, was modified by a barber from a family of musicians. He used a longer and broader pipe, made seven holes, and refined the sound. The result was a softer, melodious instrument. Since it was played first in the Shah’s palace by a nai (barber), it was named Shehnai—combining “Shah” and “Nai”.
