Chapter 6
Calculation of history writing time, sources and Indian years
Exercise-1
1. By answering the following questions—
(a) Can the calendar begin after the birth of Shankara?
Answer: Shankarabd Buli is known as the calendar year starting after Shankardeva's birthday.
(b) Which bazaar's coronation year has been completed at the beginning of Vantabada?
Answer : The year of the coronation of Burman, the first sculptor of Vantabda, has passed.
(c) What is the name of the traditional Muslim calendar?
Answer: The traditional Muslim calendar is called Hijri or Islamic lunar calendar.
(d) The starting year of the Gregorian calendar is counted after the birth of which particular person?
Answer: The Gregorian calendar starts with the year after the birth of Christ.
(e) What do you mean by a decade?
Answer: A decade means a period of 10 years.
(f) Which word is used to understand 1000 years?
Answer: A millennium is a period of 1000 years.
2. What is the difference between history and story?
Answer: History is the true facts based on information, documents, evidence etc. The story is fictional and literary, so much so that proof is not needed.
3. What are the most important elements in the field of history writing?
Answer: In the field of history writing, all important materials are historical sources—inscriptions, documents, coins, literary sources.
Exercise-2
1. By answering the following questions—
(a) What is meant by Bulile as the source of the study of history?
Answer: Sources in the study of history are those materials or information with the help of which past events can be known.
(b) Name two sources of historical study.
Answer: 1. Primary Sources
2. Secondary Sources
(c) What do epigraphists study in school?
Answer: Epigraphists study inscriptions, inscriptions, ancient scripts.
(d) What is the study of fossils?
Answer: A person who studies fossils is called a paleontologist.
(e) Which subjects are studied in anthropology?
Answer: Anthropology studies the origins of human life, culture, religion, social customs and traditions.
2. How do historians determine the authenticity of sources?
Answer: Historians demonstrate the authenticity of sources through analysis, comparison, and verification. Teoloke examines various sources to determine the correct information.
3. Describe the role of history writing.
Answer: Geography, Anthropology, Sociology, Literature, Science, Economics etc. have a special role in writing history. These topics help in understanding past events.
Exercise-3
1. By answering the following questions—
(a) Which region of the Indian subcontinent was occupied by Saptasindu?
Answer: Saptasindhu Buli was the area of Indus river valley, i.e. today's Pakistan region.
(b) Indian subcontinent covers which area is present in Buli?
Answer: The Indian subcontinent includes present-day India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
(c) Which word was used by Ashoka in the Bharataka Bujabaloi inscription?
Ans: Ashoka inscriptions refer to Buli as “Jambudwip”.
(d) What words did ancient Greeks use to understand India?
Answer: Ancient Greeks used to call India “Indika”.
(e) What did India bully in ancient China?
Answer: In ancient China, India was known as Tianzhu.
(f) Which region of India was called 'Bharatam'?
Answer: 'Bharatham' or 'Bharatvarsh' was used to refer to the north-west region of India.
2. How to describe the word "India".
Answer: The name "Bharat" is derived from the name of the ancient King Bharata. There was a king of the Ikshbaku dynasty and the territory ruled by him was called 'Bharatvarsha'.
3. Explain the origin of the name "India".
Answer: The word "India" is derived from the river Indus. In Greek, "Sindhu" was pronounced "Indos", after which the Romanization used the name "India".
