Chapter 10
India after the Mauryan era
1. Answer:
(a) Which dynasty ruled North India after Sunga dynasty?
Ans: After the Sunga dynasty, it was the king of the dynasty named Kanba who ruled North India.
(b) Which part of India did the Satavahanas rule?
Answer: Satavahanas ruled South India in India.
(c) What is the present name of Kalinga State?
The state of North Kalinga is now known as Orishya.
(d) When 'tri-kingdom' means which kingdom?
North Chola, Chera, Pandya are then called the state 'Trirajya'.
(e) Who was the greatest king of Kushan dynasty?
Kanishkar was the greatest king of Northern Kushan Dynasty.
2. Write the answer:
(a) Trade relations were established with whom during the reign of the Satavahanas?
Ans: During the reign of the Satavahanas, the Roman Empire and the South East established trade relations.
(b) During the reign of Kanishka, Buddhism was divided into who? Mention two names?
During the rule of Northern Kanishka Buddhism was divided into 2 Bhagats. And there is another division - Hinayana and Mahayana.
(c ) What are the genres of Sangam literature?
Answer: Sangam literature is of two types and that is – didactic and descriptive.
(D) Name two arts of Kushana era.
Ans: The names of the two art forms of the Kushan age are - Mathura Art and Amravati Art.
(e) Name the two systems used for simultaneous irrigation of the Maurya River.
Ans: The names of the two systems used for irrigation during the Mauryan era are ponds and artificial reservoirs.
(f) Did the educated people live in the villages after the Mauryas? Name two scholarships.
Answer: Potter , Potter, Potter, Shipini Adi.
3. Match the 'A' part with the 'B' part
( a) Cloud vehicles | ( A) Minanda |
( b) Andhra An is the name | ( b ) Art of Gandhara |
( c) Famous kings of Indo-Greeks | (c) Literature of Tamil Poets Association |
( d) Kanishka's attention was attracted | ( d) Satvahana |
( e) Sangam literature | ( e) Kalinga |
(a) Cloud vehicles | ( e) Kalinga |
( b) Andhra An is the name | ( d) Satvahana |
( c) Famous kings of Indo-Greeks | ( a) Minanda |
( d) Kanishka's attention was attracted | ( b ) Art of Gandhara |
( e) Sangam literature | ( c) There was a collection of Tamil poet literature . |
4. Pure Answers
( a) Satavahana kingdom was established by Jayadrathe / Simuke / Vasudeva.
Answer: Simuk.
(b) Where was Javana Buli Shunga/Indo-Greek/Kansakalak?
Answer: Indo-Greek.
(c) Hinduism/Buddhism/Jainism was the main theme of Gandhara art.
Answer: Buddhism.
(D) Gandofarnish was the greatest king of the Kushan / Pahlavi / Shaka dynasty.
Answer: Yes.
(e) Jatak is a story/poem/novel.
Answer: Story.
5. Truth or falsehood
(a) Katantra Achila is the most important book of Satavahanaskala days.
Answer: True.
(b) Ashwaghosha was a scholar of Shaka dynasty.
Answer: False.
(c) Sangam literature was composed in Sanskrit language.
Answer: False.
(d) Hinduism was adopted in Minanda.
Answer: False.
(e) Gold was imported into ancient India after the Roman Empire.
Answer: True.
6. Click on the subject below. (Under 50 words)
(a) Describe the reign of Kanishka with emphasis on economy, social policy and culture.
Answer: Kanishka, the greatest king of the Kushan dynasty, was the conqueror of the empire. Kanishka has been able to occupy a special place in the history of India due to his contribution to literature and culture.
Both internal and external trade reached a high peak of development during the Kanishka period. Indian machala, jalakiya, sandalwood, ivory, diamonds were exported abroad. On the other hand, gold was imported after the Roman Empire. In order to increase the international trade transactions, Kanishka had introduced a high level of coinage in the Indus region. The memory of the Kushans was fresh in the minds of the Indian people of that time for many days because of their bravery, contribution to art and culture and public spirit.
Kanishka's dynasty was adorned with learned scholars like Ashwaghosa, Nagarjuna, Vasumitra and Charaka. Charaka Sanhita of this era is now a significant book of medical science. Patanjali's 'Mahabhashya' is now a valuable book on vocabulary, language and grammar. Kanishkar's attention was drawn to Gandhara art, a combination of Greek, Roman and Buddhist art in a completely Indian style. During the reign of Kanishka, the art of Mathura and Amaravati reached its peak of development. It was Kanishka who embraced Buddhism and arranged for the wide spread of this religion. In those days Buddhism was divided into two sects namely Hinayana and Mahayana. Although Kanishka accepted Buddhism, he was also respectful of other religions.
(b) Describe the standard of living of the common people during the post Mauryan period.
Answer: During the period after the Maurya era, the way of life of the common people changed a lot as the political field changed. Among them, the expansion of agricultural activities, the formation of new cities, industrial production and extensive changes in trade and commerce are noteworthy.
Prosperous villages are the center of economy and culture. The general government of the village is involved in agricultural activities. Agricultural work requires different scales. Crop production was increased by the use of new chains, improved planting methods and irrigation. Before that, tubes, wells, ponds and artificial reservoirs were used for irrigation.
At that time, although the rural areas of South and North India decreased, he lived among the class people. In the southern region, he class people are - zamindars, farmers, laborers or servants, while in northern India, he class people lived. They are hereditary village headmen, independent farmers and landless laborers with their own agricultural land. There was a powerful zamindari who was the head of the village. Teon Ketiaba played the role of judge and peacekeeper. He also got the responsibility of collecting the village.
In the village of Prayobo lived the original artisans of Kumaras (potters), Kamars (smiths), Badhais (carpenters), Shipinis.
