Chapter 2


The interior of the earth 

1. Choose the correct answer

(a) Earth's surface is composed of 4/3/2 central layers.

Answer: The earth's surface consists of  3 central layers.

(b) The crust is about 20/30/25 km thick on average.

Answer: The average diameter of the earth is about  20 km .

(c) Earth's womb means— crust/ Gurumandal/Kendramandal.

Answer: The womb of the earth means  the center.

(d) Fossils generally include igneous rocks/igneous rocks/metamorphic rocks.

Ans:  Gedia silat  can be planted in organic matter .

(e) Aitikai Tan Manik Vidh is Gold/Diamond/Zinc.

Answer: A diamond  is like a pearl .

2. Fill in the blanks.

(a) After the earth's surface, the interior is gradually  heated up.

(b) Crust-level cracks are also known.

(c) Soil is composed of organic and inorganic matter.

(d) Rocks formed after magma are called igneous rocks.

(e) Pearls are usually solids .


3. Please write the answer. (within 30 standard words)

(a) What is meant by crust?
 
Answer:  The hard covering of the earth's surface is called the crust. Hills, mountains, plains, plateaus, seas, oceans are located in the primitive crust. E average 20 k. Mr. the letter In the beginning, as a result of compression of fluid and dissolved material, the crust is cracked and uneven.

(b) Volcanic rocks Kak Bole?

Answer:  Due to natural causes, when the earth's open fissures meet, magma comes out and the lava accumulates on the surface. When it comes in contact with the air, it radiates heat and pulls the rock, which creates rocks, called igneous rocks. When the magma comes out, it cools and forms these rocks inside the earth's surface.

(c) What do you mean by soil?

Answer: The surface part of the earth is soil or surface.  As a result of the effects of winter, heat, storms, rains and other natural factors, the crushed parts of the rocks accumulate in different places, which create soft parts, so that the soil becomes dry.

(d) What is a gem?

Answer:  All naturally occurring inorganic materials on earth are pearls. Pearls are generally hard materials. All gemstones have certain characteristics – color, color, shape, clarity are the main characteristics of the original gemstone. Pearls can be divided into two categories – rock forming pearls and ore forming pearls. Shale-forming gems are quartz, lithic, carbonate, oxide feldspar, while ore-forming gems are orpiment, malachite, gelena etc.

(E) "Heumach" crow?

Answer:  "Humash" is created by the action of plants, branches and leaves, various insects and animals, dead bodies of insects, excrement, dry rot, water and microorganisms in the soil.

4. Answer-Write- (within 100 standard words)

(a) Which and what are the main divisions of the Earth's surface? Draw pictures and understand and write.

Answer:-


               
The internal division after the surface of the earth is basically divided into parts.
Which one is – a) surface, b) gurumandal and c) center

(a) Crust- The hard covering of the earth's surface is called the crust. Hills, mountains, plains, plateaus, seas, oceans are located in the primitive crust. E average 20 k. Mr. the letter In the beginning, as a result of compression of liquid and dissolved material, the skin is cracked and uneven. The crust consists of granite rocks. This layer is called the 6th layer because the crust is usually made of steel and the aluminum material is more thick.

(b) Gurumandal – The density of matter in this layer of the earth's crust. The entire Gurumandalak is divided into two depth (kilometers) levels namely Upper Gurumandal and Lower Gurumandal Hichap. This layer is normal and due to the higher magnesium content, this layer is also known as 'Sima' layer. The word "Sima" is from 'Si' and 'Ma' means magnesium.

(c) Kendramandal -  The center just below the Gurumandal and the other levels are the Kendramandal. In a word, it is the womb of the earth. This level is about 3,486 kilometers long. This material is very hot. This layer is mainly composed of iron, nickel and cobalt. This layer is also known as Nife layer because of the amount of iron and nickel. After the English word 'Nikel' (Nickel) and 'Fe' after the word 'Fe' and Ferrium (Lo) this level is called Nife. The outer part of the nucleus is formed by the liquid mantle. The yak outer nucleus is swollen. This volume is about 2,250 km. Below this outer core is the inner core of the Earth. This level is about 1,228 kilometers long.

(b) Write the types of stones and what they mean.

Ans:  According to origin, rocks are of different types-
1) Igneous rocks 2) Gedic rocks 3) Metamorphic rocks

The classification of rocks through this list is shown below- 



 


1) Igneous rocks -  The rocks formed as a result of volcanic eruptions are called igneous rocks. Molten, hot materials from the Earth's interior are called magma. The magma gradually radiates heat to the surface and cools to become frost. Silicate formations are called intergranular igneous rocks. Sometimes, due to some natural causes, when the earth's open fissures meet, the magma flows out and the lava accumulates on the surface. In contact with the air, it radiates heat and pulls the rock, which is called extrusive igneous rock. Besalt, Granite, Gebr', Bethlith are examples of early igneous rocks.

2) Igneous rocks -  Igneous rocks on the surface of the earth gradually become weak and split as a result of physical, chemical and biological activities of plants and animals. Later, these runoff parts are deposited in lakes, oceans, or lower parts of lakes, rivers, and glaciers. Different parts of the plants are deposited in these places year after year, because of the high pressure, heat and water, the bones and roots of the animals are destroyed, and the action of lime makes the place hard. In this case, the rocks that are formed when they are hard and open are called Gediya Shil. Coal, limestone, conglomerate are examples of early igneous rocks.

3) Metamorphic rocks -  If igneous and igneous rocks are exposed to high pressure and heat for a long time, they undergo physical and chemical changes to form a new rock. Aene Shilak converted into Shil Bole.

(c) Distinguish between rock and soil.

Answer:  Soil is formed after rocks. During the Silbilak period, the soil is crushed by the effects of natural factors such as winter, heat, drought, and rain. The parts were brought to different places like rivers, glaciers, etc. Soil is created in them. The soil can be hard or soft, while the soil is generally hard.

(D) "Mati Abihne Gach-Gachni, Jeeva-Jantu Jiyai Thakib Novare" - Kathasha Bujai Likha.

Answer:  There is an intimate relationship between the living world and the soil. Soil or crust is the habitat of all kinds of animals and plants. Our life journeys, customs, agriculture, ceremonies, travel, and activities are all dependent on the soil. Although the soil part is the habitat of the biosphere like mountains, plateaus and plains, the water body has an abundance of biosphere. Tenkei Maru main and Shita main regions have less amount of biota. 

(e) "The effect of climate on soil formation is inevitable" - write the sentence.

Answer:  The influence of climate on soil formation is inevitable. During the Silbilak period, the soil is crushed by the effects of natural factors such as winter, heat, drought, and rain. The parts were brought to different places like rivers, glaciers, etc. Soil is created in them. 

(f) Discuss the relationship between rock, rock and soil.

Ans:  Different types of rocks, minerals and soil properties of the Earth's crust are particularly affected by the biosphere. It is noteworthy that all these elements are related to each other. Different types of minerals like nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, sulphur, phosphorus, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, etc. are added to the growth and development of plants and animals. Humans are dependent on the earth for food, goods and shelter for their livelihood. Bhutvakat Poa Shilak fulfills our needs by using various Kamats according to our needs. Sources of energy include coal, mineral oil, natural gas, and sedimentary rocks. Gold, silver, copper, zinc and other minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Moreover, granite, beechalt, sandstone, slate, marble are the original rocks that are widely used in the construction of houses and roads. Artificial fertilizers, cement, lime are prepared and used as limestone. Used for house building, it is generally made from Boka or Altia soil.


5. The following list gives the names of different types of rocks. They are classified as follows in the list below:

Marble, schist, sandstone, granite, coal, limestone, flint, schist, conglomerate, shale, schist, quartzite,  basalt, gravel.

Answer- 

Igneous rock


Besalt, gravel , granite

Gedi stone

Conglomerate, Limestone, Shale, Coal, Sandstone, Shale

Metamorphosed rock

Granite, quartz, granite, marble, slate,


6. Dalat discussion and writing-

(a) What is the relationship between flora and fauna on soil?

Answer:  There is an intimate relationship between the living world and the soil. Soil is the habitat of all kinds of animals and plants. Our life journeys, customs, agriculture, ceremonies, travel, and activities are all dependent on the soil. Although the soil part is the habitat of the biosphere like mountains, plateaus and plains, the water body has an abundance of biosphere. Tenkei Maru main and Shita main regions have less amount of biota. 

(b) What will happen if all the soil on Earth's surface becomes dry?

Ans:  All soils are covered with trees or forests. They provide shelter to animals and birds in the region. All soil is suitable for agriculture. Today's human society relies on the production and consumption of food through agriculture. In the vicinity of Saruwa Mati Thaka area, population is dense and industries and other productive activities are carried on.

Additional Questions:-

1. What is the approximate age of the earth?

Answer:  The approximate age of the earth is 450 million years.

2. What is the temperature of the center of the earth?

Answer:  The temperature of the center of the earth is 6000 degrees Celsius. 

3. What is the diameter of the earth?

Answer:  The diameter of the earth is 6,378 km.

4. The surface of the earth is divided into 3 parts. Name this part.

Ans:  The surface of the earth is divided into 3 parts. This part is named as Bhutvak, Gurumandal and Kendra Mandal.

5. What is crust bully?

Answer:  The hard covering of the Earth's surface is called the crust.

6. How many kilometers is the crust layer?

Answer:  The crustal layer is about 20 km thick. Of course, in the continental part, it is 60 km after 16 km, and under the ocean it is only 5 km, up to 10 km.

7. Are crustal layers usually composed of igneous rocks?

Answer:  The crustal layer is generally made up of granite rocks.

8. Is the sea floor part of the crust mainly composed of national rocks?

Answer:  The sea floor part of the crust is mainly  composed of basalt rocks.

9. What is the first layer?

Ans:  This layer is called the shale layer because the crust is generally silty and has a higher amount of aluminum material.

10. Gurumandal level is about 1000 meters?

Answer:  The Gurumandal layer is about 2,900 km.

 11. How many kilometers is the center?

Answer:  The center is 3,486 km.

12. What does the womb of the earth mean?

Answer:  Earth's womb means - center.

13. What is the level of bullying?

Ans:  Because of the higher amount of iron and nickel, this layer should be replaced by layer. goes

14. What is the outer center called?

Ans:  The outer part of the nucleus is formed by the liquid mantle. The yak is called exocentric sphere.

15. How many kilometers is the epicenter?

Answer:  The epicenter  is 1,228 km.

16. What is a major component of open worlds?

Answer:  One of the main components of the earth's crust is rock.

17. Is the rock raven crowed?

Ans:  Layered rocks are called rock formations.

18. Shil crow?

Ans:  Earth's surface is entirely and relatively thin tectonic plates. 

19. According to the origin, the Shilaks are divided into different types and that part is written.

Ans:  Rocks are divided into 3 types according to origin and those are- igneous rocks, igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks.