Chapter 9
Climate, Natural, Vegetation, Agriculture and Population of India
1. Pure / impure judgement
(a) There are two types of monsoon winds over India.
Answer: Pure.
(b) India leads the world in terms of population size.
Answer: Impure.
(c) Somajedi is crossing the line of Cancer around Bharatvarsha.
Answer: Pure.
(d) Banana soil region of South India is suitable for tea cultivation.
Answer: Impure.
(e) Chirseugia plants can be grown in desert regions.
Answer: Impure.
2. Write the correct answer
(a ) Southwest Mouchumi Current flows over the Pacific Ocean/Arabic Sea/Red Sea.
Answer: South West Mouchumi flows over the Batah and the ocean .
(b) Population density of India as per 2011 census is 380/382/324 persons per sq km.
Answer : According to 2011 Lokpilal, the population density of India is 382 people per square kilometer.
(c) Punjab/Jammu-Kashmir/Himachal Pradesh ranks first within India in terms of fruit production.
Answer: Jammu and Kashmir is the first in India in terms of fruit production .
(d) Chirseuzia / Kaiteia / grassy plants can be grown in desert region.
Ans: Kaitia plant can be grown in desert region .
(e) Arunachal Pradesh/Maharashtra/Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
Answer: Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India .
3. Match 'A' to 'B' part
Part ' A ' | Part ' B ' |
1) Mouchumi plant- | 1) It rains more than 200 cm. |
2) Herbaceous plants | 2) Annual rainfall is less than 50 cm. |
3) Kaitiia is a perennial plant | 3) After 50 cm rain, 100 cm rain occurs. |
4) Chirseuzia plant | 4) After 100 cm rain, 200 cm rain occurs. |
4. Write an answer (within 40 standard words)
(a) What can cause population decline growth?
Answer: The population of Thailand is always the same. Population decreases or increases. Increase or decrease in population is called population change. Generally, any current Thai population is observed in Badi Joah. But due to natural causes, such as natural calamities, various diseases, wars, epidemics, the population of Thais can decrease temporarily as well as permanently. On the other hand, the population growth of any country depends mainly on the birth rate, death rate and population. In general, the death rate is higher than the birth rate, so the population increases.
(b) What are the factors that determine the climate of India?
Ans: The factors that determine the climate of India are - the size of the country, the topography of the land, the distance from the equator, the difference in altitude, the effect of the Mouchumi Batah Adi determines the climate of India.
(c) How many perennial plants can be planted in India in a year?
Answer: In general, the amount of rainfall in Jibo region is more than 200 cm and the temperature is between 25°-27° centigrade. Plants of this category can be found on the western slopes of the Western Ghats, Upper Assam, Arunachal, the lower part of the Himalayas, the mountainous regions of Manipur and Mizoram, some parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
(d) What are the monsoon cotton growing areas of India?
Answer: Cotton is grown in large quantities in the banana soil areas of Madhya Pradesh and southern parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and northern Karnataka.
5. Write Answer: (within 80 standard words)
(a) Write an explanation about the influence of Southwest monsoon on the climate of India with the help of maps.
Ans: Sun's rays fall perpendicularly above the Tropic of Cancer in summer. The exhaust air is heated and creates low pressure. Water vapor and air flow over the Indian Ocean through this region. It also penetrates Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal. It crosses over Bangladesh itself and enters Assam. Karmandal Coastal region, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal are affected by heavy rains. As it moves northward over Anfal and the sea, it breaks through the Western Ghats. These storms affect the Malabar Coast, Konkan Coast and Gujarat Coast regions of South India.
(b) Explain the different climatic requirements of different crops.
Answer: Different crops are grown in different regions of India depending on the climate and soil quality. In the valleys of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, the summer air temperature exceeds 25°C. In Anhat, the rainfall is more than 100 centimeters. West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Assam belong to this region. Paddy is the main crop of this region. Although the rainfall is relatively low, Punjab and Haryana produce large quantities of rice with the help of irrigation. The Mahanadi valley of Odisha, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri river estuary and Kerala are rich in paddy cultivation.
Dry climate and low rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh have hampered staple agriculture. Outside of this, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal are also cultivated in Ghena.
Cotton is grown extensively in the banana soil regions of Madhya Pradesh and southern parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and northern Karnataka. Sorghum and bajra are grown in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra, Karnataka and some parts of Andhra Pradesh. Coffee and tea are cultivated in the Nilgiri region of South India. Tea is cultivated in the north and north-east regions of Assam, Okh Eliya soil, West Bengal, Darjeeling. Kuhia is cultivated in some parts of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab. Marapat is cultivated in West Bengal, Odisha and Assam. Further, various types of mah and machala crops are cultivated in the state of central India. Oranges, apples, grapes are cultivated in large quantities in Jammu and Kashmir. Coconuts are widely cultivated along the east and west coasts.
(c) What are the climatic requirements of tropical plants? Give examples of flowering plants in India.
Ans: After 100 cm of rain, 200 cm of rain and average temperature of about 27° Celsius can be planted in the region of Mouchumi. During the rainy season, these plants grow in abundance. On the other hand, in monsoon regions, the rains and temperatures decrease, the soil dries up and the leaves of the trees fall off. Examples of mouchumi plants - Shall, Chegun, Shimlu, Shishu, Arjuna etc.
Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats can be found in the eastern part of the Deccan Plateau. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have a small amount of honeysuckle.
(d) What are the climatic requirements for rice cultivation? Mention the names of the major states for monsoon paddy cultivation in India.
Ans: For paddy cultivation, summer black air temperature should be more than 25°C. It will take more than 100 centimeters of rainfall. The main rainfed rice growing states in India are West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Punjab, Haryana, Orissa, Mahanadi basin, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery estuary, Kerala.
(e) Discuss the problems India has caused due to population growth.
Answer: Excessive population growth is a burning problem of the present time. Due to the increase in population, the problem of housing, the decrease in the amount of forest and agricultural land, the problem of food, the problem of livelihood, the problem of daily living have created many problems.
