Chapter 1
Crop production and management
1) After the list below, cross out the correct words and fill in the blanks.
Food, water, grain, nutrients, etc
Answer:
(a) If other plants are grown or cultivated in excess of what is now available, the crop will be destroyed.
(b) Soil should be dry before crop irrigation .
(c) Spoiled seeds contain water .
(d) Crop growth requires abundant sunlight and soil, nutrients and water .
2) Match column 'A' to column 'B'-
A | B |
(i) Kharif crops | (a) Cattle food |
(ii) Rabi crops | (b) Uria and Chupara Chhafet |
(iii) Chemical fertilizers | (c) Animal excreta, cow dung, cow urine and plant residues |
(iv) Organic fertilizers | (d) Ghenu, boot, pea month |
| (e) Paddy and Barley |
Answer:
A | B |
(i) Kharif crops | (e) Paddy and Barley |
(ii) Rabi crop | (d) Ghenu, boot, pea month |
(iii) Chemical fertilizers | (b) Urea and Chupara Fachfet |
(iv) Organic fertilizers | (c) Animal waste, cow dung, cow urine and plant residues |
3) Give two examples each -
Answer:
A) Kharif crops: Paddy and Barley.
b) Rabi crops: Ghenu and Butmah.
4) Write individual clauses in your own words about the following.
Answer:
a) Soil is covered with:-
Soil cultivation is the first step in crop production. As a result of soil erosion, the soil becomes loose and plant roots can easily go under the soil. Moreover, loose soil helps in the growth of ketchup and other useful organisms, which in turn increases the amount of humus in the soil. During the year, as a result of tilling the soil, nutrients such as manure, humus, and humus are dissolved in all parts of the soil and the willow plant can absorb the nutrients very easily.
B ) Seed irrigation:-
Seed irrigation is an essential part of crop production. Before the seed is irrigated, it is necessary to plant the seeds of improved varieties to get more production. The seeds of improved varieties are usually stored in good condition. Generally, the seeds are irrigated by hand or by using traditional chupi-shaped sieves.
C) Banbat Nirowa:
Cultivated grasses are non-parental bole of non-algatial plants. Banbat Niroa speaks to these children.
These plants extract water and nutrients from the soil and affect the growth of crops. Cultivators destroy these weeds by digging the soil or cutting them with Ughali or Guri from time to time. Furthermore, weeds are also destroyed by using seed irrigation machines or weed killers or herbicides.
D) Death
The process of separating the seeds from the seeds after harvesting and the plants die. Cows, cattle, and tractors die. In the small field, it separates the seeds after the fall with the help of a device attached like a fork. In the modern system both the chopping and the dying are done by 'combine' machines.
5) What is the difference between biological fertilizers and chemical fertilizers?
Answer:
Serial number | Chemical fertilizer | Biological source |
1 | Chemical fertilizers and other inorganic salts. | Organic fertilizers and other natural substances. Organic fertilizers are prepared by decomposing cow dung , human excreta and plant residues. |
2 | Chemical fertilizers are manufactured in factories. | Organic fertilizers can be prepared on the road. |
3 | Chemical fertilizers should be applied to the soil to provide humus. | Humus can provide a large amount of organic fertilizer. |
4 | Chemical fertilizers can provide high amounts of plant nutrients such as nitrogen , zinc, phosphorus and potassium. | Organic and plant nutrients are relatively low. |
6) What is irrigation? Conservation of water Describe two methods of irrigation.
Answer: Irrigation refers to the supply of water to crops at different intervals.
Two methods of water conservation irrigation are:
A) Water sprinkler system: This method is more suitable for uneven land where water quantity is less. Water is attached perpendicular to the tube from a point of rotation at a certain distance upstream of the main tube-branch. As the pressurized water from the pump flows through the main tube, the water is forced into the rotating nozzle. Sprinkle water on crops during rainy season. Water sprinkler method is very useful for sandy soil.
b) Water harvesting system: This water harvesting system is used for bait and bait plants. Thus, this system is called water harvesting system. It is a good way to water fruit trees, gardens and rice plants. This system is a boon in terms of watering the plants.
7) If wheat is irrigated during rainy season, what will be discussed.
Answer: If wheat is irrigated during rainy or kharif season, its seeds will be destroyed. Winter is the most important time for wheat. Compared to winter, the temperature, humidity, precipitation and soil nutrients of monsoons and summers vary more. Therefore, ghee should not be irrigated during rainy season.
8) The effect on the soil when it is threshed and the grain is removed, describe it.
Answer: If it is used for crop production, the amount of soil nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen decreases. These materials are very necessary for the growth of plants and crops. Crop growth will be inhibited and production will be reduced due to nutrient depletion .
9) What is apatrin? How can I control it?
Ans: Cultivated paths are fertile for some non-algatial plants.
These plants extract water and nutrients from the soil and affect the growth of crops. Cultivators destroy these weeds by digging the soil or cutting them with Ughali or Guri from time to time. Furthermore, weeds are also destroyed by using seed irrigating machines or weed killers or herbicides.
10) Arrange the following tables in order to list the current production of Kunhia -
Send grain to sugar factories |
Irrigation |
Farmer |
Irrigate the seeds |
Soil erosion |
Give up on the road |
General application |
Answer:
Soil erosion
↓
By the way, stupid
↓
Irrigate the seeds
↓
General application
↓
Irrigation
↓
Farmer
↓
Sending grain to sugar factories
11) Complete the word sequences with the help of floor signals.
Answer:
Pathalikoi:
1) Seed = seed.
2) Mah national plant species temunat thaka bacteria = Rhiz'bium .
Above:
2) Drainage water supply system = water irrigation.
3) Crops grown in winter = crops.
5) Such chemical fertilizer = Urea.
6) Separation of paddy after chopped grain = death.
