Chapter 3 -
Settlement
1 . Fill in the blanks:
Answer:
(a) agriculture As soon as the work began, people began to settle in one place.
(b) of water The villagers enjoy many facilities based on the source.
(c) Settlements built along roads, railways and rivers Linear Basti Bole.
(d) The number of villages in Assam at present is ২৬,৩৯৫ Khan.
2. 2. Choose the correct answer—
(a) The main occupation of rural settlements is trade/industry/agriculture.
Answer: agriculture
(b) Population density is less/higher/equal in urban areas than in rural areas.
Answer: more
(c) About 70 /80/ 60 per cent of the population of India lives in rural areas.
Answer: 70 percent.
(d) Linear/concentrated/thin settlement is a clustered settlement in a place.
Answer: Concentrated.
3. The Write the answer-(within 4 or 5 sentences)
(a) What do you think is the reason why people settle down?
Answer: Permanent settlement began only after people started farming. This means that as soon as agriculture starts, people start settling in the same place. People have to settle permanently, especially to cultivate the land and take care of crops. On the other hand, people advocate permanent settlement to store the harvested crops for the future. Therefore, agriculture is considered to be the main cause of permanent settlement of people.
(b) Discuss the main characteristics of rural settlements.
Answer: The main occupation of the rural inhabitants is agriculture. The settlement is thin and extensive. The house and garden designs are indigenous and traditional. There is no easy transportation in the area. There is little traffic in the area. There are few opportunities for trade. There are few institutions in rural areas.
(c) Write down how concentrated settlements are formed.
Answer: In some places, if the necessities and facilities for human life are available in one place or nearby, people are settled in that area ǀ such settlements are called concentrated settlements ǀ sometimes a large industry develops and based on various facilities available in the surrounding area.
(d) Briefly describe the livelihood of the people of the municipal settlements.
Answer: People have developed various industries in the municipal areas. These industries involve a lot of people. Some choose their livelihood through trade. Many people are employed in various service sectors like banks, post offices, insurance, educational institutions and hospitals in these areas. Many people have found employment in transportation and communication as well as government jobs.
(e) Discuss the relationship between villages and cities
Answer: There are many differences between villages and cities, but there is an inseparable relationship between the people of villages and cities. It has already been mentioned in the text that cities eventually originated from villages. However, this may not apply in all cases. There are cities that have been planned and developed as cities.
Trade usually maintains the relationship between villages and cities. In addition, service work also builds this relationship. The villagers supply their produce to the city and the city supplies industrial goods and other services to the village. Services such as banking, postal, insurance, education, etc. establish a close relationship between villages and cities. Some villagers come to the city daily for various works and return after buying various necessities available in the city. Nowadays, however, a new trend has emerged in the relationship between villages and cities through mobile phones, the Internet and other media.
4. The Write a brief:
(a) Linear settlement:
Answer: Linear settlements are settlements that extend along roads. For example, settlements spread along railway lines and settlements flowing along rivers are linear settlements. In some places, if the things and facilities necessary for people's livelihood are available in the same place or nearby, then people in that area settlement They are clustered.
(b) Square settlements:
Answer: In rural areas, there is also a form of settlement around agriculture ǀ This means that people build their settlements around agricultural fields. These settlements are usually square and are found around the junction of two or more roads. These are called square settlements.
(c) Highland settlements:
Answer: The uplands are generally thinly settled. Such areas are covered with mountains and rocky and are thinly populated. In addition, thin settlements are seen in the uplands due to fertile soil, difficult transportation and adverse climate. Karbi Anglong, West Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao districts of Assam are sparsely populated as they consist of three highlands. On the other hand, lowland or plain areas are densely populated due to various facilities including transportation, agriculture, commerce, etc.
5. Write the difference –
(a) Rural settlements and municipal settlements.
Answer:
(b) Linear settlement and concentrated settlement.
Answer:
(c) Upland settlements and lowland settlements.
Answer:
