Chapter 7
Statistic and its application in Education
1. What is statistics?
Answer: Statistics is the branch of science that collects numerical data, organizes it and presents it in an orderly manner .
2. Write down three usefulness of the application of statistics in education.
Answer: There are three advantages of applying statistics in education:
3. Briefly discuss the need for statistics in education and psychology.
Answer: The need for statistics in education and psychology is briefly discussed below -
1 ।। Evaluation: Statistics is also used to evaluate students. Percentage points and other statistical techniques are used to assess and rank students. The application of statistics is essential for decisive, constructive and summative evaluation.
2. Comparability: Comparative studies are very important in education. Statistics is required to compare the marks obtained by a student in various subjects, the results of two schools, etc.
3. Counseling : Statistics should also be used for psychological counselling. It is essential to properly analyze the amounts obtained from various surveys and keep records thereon, as statistics facilitate such guidance.
4. The Briefly discuss 'Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, interpreting and collecting data"一.
Answer:
5. Explain the reason for listing the frequency breakdown?
Answer: The reasons why we should prepare a frequency breakdown table are discussed below -
The higher the number of given items or parameters in the frequency breakdown list, the better they are sorted and categorized. It is one in which the collected amounts are divided into several categories according to convenience and the number of amounts from each category is written against the categories.
6. What is it called to arrange unordered numbers in a series?
Answer:
7. Write down what is meant by the scope of the frequency division.
Answer: Frequency division is the arrangement of random numbers in an orderly manner All class intervals should be of equal length for a given frequency division. Frequency partitioning is a very convenient process for organizing the data collected.
8. Write down what are the boundaries and frequencies of classification.
Answer:
9. How is data cataloging done? Write briefly.
Answer:
11. Express the marks of the following 60 students in a frequency distribution table. Take the lowest classification 40 一
12. Why classify signs? Prepare a partition table of the following quantities with 5 unit class lengths.
50 | 56 | 95 | 86 | 67 | 70 | 69 | 64 | 69 | 97 |
42 | 97 | 69 | 64 | 69 | 46 | 82 | 84 | 78 | 83 |
43 | 75 | 91 | 82 | 80 | 90 | 66 | 76 | 90 | 40 |
75 | 46 | 98 | 59 | 68 | 43 | 91 | 65 | 88 | 85 |
Answer: For Student
13. Write down the general principles of presenting articles.
Answer: The general principles of presenting articles are:
1. These two axes intersect at the joint point 'O'
2. The distances starting from the origin 'O' and reaching To the right on the 'x' axis are denoted as positive spaces and the distances to the left of the origin as negative spaces. Similarly, the 'Y' axis is taken as the positive position upwards and the negative position downwards from the origin
3. The X and Y axes are in the plane where four chokes or division chokes (XOY) both have positive values, Y has positive values at the second choke, both have negative values at the third choke (X'OY'), and X has positive values and Y has negative values at the fourth choke (XOY').
4. The Starting from the origin on the OX axis, place the class intervals one after the other. It should be noted that if the given sums do not start from zero, the units should be placed only after the sign 'II' after the origin (O) on the X axis.
14. 14. Write down what is a repetition polygon.
Answer: The most widely used graph in statistics is the frequency polygon. This shows the frequencies obtained from the class intervals by drawing lines. In this figure, the frequencies are marked with dots and connected in order. The following rules should be followed to draw the frequency distribution.
(1) To draw a repetition polygon, first draw the axes OX and OY on graph paper.
(2) Next, the midpoints of the series intervals of the letter OX should be recorded from lowest to highest order. The midpoints should be placed at some distance from the origin.
(3) The units for representing the frequency on the OY axis should be fixed. When drawing the units, it should be noted that the length of the axis OY is three-fourths that of the axis OX.
(4) In the next step, the frequencies for each class interval should be marked by calculating them from the OY axis to fall on the midpoints already presented on the OX axis.
15. Briefly write any one method of graphical or graphical representation of information material.
Answer:
16. What is a rectangular figure? Write briefly.
Answer: A rectangle is a popular method of graphical representation of data. The data or amounts obtained in this figure are drawn in rectangular shape on chart paper. This figure is called a rectangle because different rectangles are used in this graph. Its rectangles are adjacent to each other. Below are some rules of rectangular drawing:
(1) To draw a rectangle, first draw the lines OX and OY on graph paper.
(2) The actual lower values of the class intervals of the given data on the OX axis should be arranged from smallest to largest and at the very end the lower bound of the last possible class interval should be placed. For example, if the class interval of a frequency partition table is 50-54, the lower bound of the next possible class interval is N
(3) The frequencies should be presented on the OY axis. When drawing the units of the OY axis, it should be noted that OX is three-fourths the length of the OY axis relative to the axis.
17. Write the difference between a rectangle and a frequency polygon.
Answer: The difference between a rectangle and a frequency polygon is as follows:
Rectangular figure:
1. To draw a rectangle, first draw the lines OX and OY on a piece of paper.
2. The actual low values of the class intervals of the data given on the OX axis should be arranged from smallest to largest and at the very end the lowest possible next class interval of the last class interval should be set. For example, if the class interval of a frequency breakdown table is 50-54, the lower bound of the next possible class interval is
3. The repetitions should be presented on the OY axis. In drawing the units of the OY axis, it should be noted OX that the OY axis is three-fourths its length relative to the axis.
4. The In the next step, a rectangle should be drawn on top of each class interval. Each rectangle will have the same width but the height will be according to the frequency within each category interval.
5. The name of the prepared chart should be shown in a rectangle of unit length taken on the axes OX and OY.
6. To facilitate understanding the rectangle, the frequency breakdown table of the given amount should be provided next to the rectangle.
2. Next, the midpoints of the intact class intervals on the OX axis should be recorded from lowest to highest values in order. The midpoints should be placed at some distance from the origin.
3. The units for repeated message presentation should be fixed on the OY axis. When drawing the units, it is important to note that the axis OY is three-fourths the length of the axis OX.
4. The In the next step, the frequencies for each class interval should be marked by calculating them from the OY axis to fall at the midpoints already presented on the OX axis.
5. The points marking the frequencies are then connected by straight lines one after the other and the polygon is connected to the axis Ox in front of the first midpoint and behind the last midpoint.
Class intervals | Repetition |
80 - 89 | 2 |
70 - 79 | 6 |
60 - 69 | 8 |
50 - 59 | 12 |
40 - 49 | 14 |
30 - 39 | 20 |
20 - 29 | 12 |
10 -19 | 6 |
(1) To draw a repetition polygon, first draw the axes OX and OY on graph paper.
(2) Next, the midpoints of the series intervals of the letter OX should be recorded from lowest to highest order. The midpoints should be placed at some distance from the origin.
(3) The units for representing the frequency on the OY axis should be fixed. When drawing the units, it should be noted that the length of the axis OY is three-fourths that of the axis OX.
(1) To draw a rectangle, first draw the lines OX and OY on graph paper.
(2) The actual lower values of the class intervals of the given data on the OX axis should be arranged from smallest to largest and at the very end the lower bound of the last possible class interval should be placed. For example, if the class interval of a frequency partition table is 50-54, the lower bound of the next possible class interval is N
(3) The frequencies should be presented on the OY axis. When drawing the units of the OY axis, it should be noted that OX is three-fourths the length of the OY axis relative to the axis.
