Chapter 1
THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY
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TEXTBOOK EXERCISES
UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT
Mention
1. The three phrases of the author’s relationship with his grandmother before he left the country to study abroad ?
āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĻেāĻļ āĻā§°ি āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻāĻāϤে āĻāĻāϤাā§° āϏৈāϤে āϞেāĻāĻā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āϤিāύিāĻা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝাংāĻļ?
Answer:- The first phase of the author’s relationship with his grandmother started when he was still a child. She used to tell him of the games she used to play as a child. “That seemed quite absurd”. The children treated them like the fables of the prophets she used to tell them.
The second phase of this relationship began when the narrator started going to school. His parents left him with her and they went to live in the city. They were constantly together. She used to wake him up in the morning and get him ready for school. Then she would fetch his wooden slate, a tiny earthen inkpot and a red pen. She would give him a breakfast of a thick, slate chapatti. Then they went to school. She carried several chapattis for the village dogs. The school was attached to the temple. She would sit in the temple and he in the school.
The third phase of their relationship began when the narrator’s parents sent for them in the city. That was a turning-point in their friendship. He used to go to an English school in a motor bus. As the years rolled by they saw less of each other. She didn’t like the English school. There was no teaching about God and scriptures in the English school. She hated western science and music. When he went up to university, he was given a room of his own. The common link of their friendship was snapped. His grandmother accepted her seclusion with resignation.
āĻāĻāϤাā§° āϏৈāϤে āϞেāĻāĻā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒā§°্āϝাāϝ়āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁ āϏ⧰ু āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āϏ⧰ুāϤে āĻেāϞা āĻেāϞāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻৈāĻিāϞ। "āĻāĻāĻো āĻāĻেāĻŦাā§°ে āĻ
āϝৌāĻ্āϤিāĻ āϝেāύ āϞাāĻিāĻিāϞ"। āϞ'ā§°া āĻোā§ąাāϞীāĻŦোā§°ে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻāĻ āĻā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤāĻŦāĻ্āϤাāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻাāĻšিāύীā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āϝিāĻŦোā§° āϤাāĻ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻāĻ āĻৈāĻিāϞ।
āĻāĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āĻĒā§°্āϝাāϝ়āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āϝাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻŽাāĻ āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻে āϤেāĻঁāĻ āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻā§°āϤ āĻā§°ি āĻৈāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύāϤ āĻĨাāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āύিā§°āύ্āϤ⧰ āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āĻāĻাāĻ āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āϤাāĻ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏাāĻু āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āϤাāĻ āϤাā§° āĻাāĻ ā§° āĻļ্āϞেāĻ, āĻāĻা āϏ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻিā§° āĻংāĻāĻĒāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻা ā§°āĻা āĻāϞāĻŽ āĻāύিāĻŦ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻāĻা āĻĄাāĻ , āĻļ্āϞেāĻ āĻাāĻĒāĻ্āĻিā§° ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąাā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻĻিāĻŦ। āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻাāĻঁā§° āĻুāĻুā§°āĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻেāĻāĻŦাāĻাāĻ āĻাāĻĒā§°ি āĻāĻĸ়িāϝ়াāĻ āϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āĻāύ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšিāĻŦ āĻā§°ু āϏি āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ।
āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āϤৃāϤীāϝ় āĻĒā§°্āϝাāϝ়āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻĨāĻā§° āĻĒিāϤৃ-āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύāϤ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒāĻ িāϝ়াāĻāĻিāϞ। āϏেāĻāĻো āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻ āĻাā§°্āĻŖিং āĻĒāĻāĻŖ্āĻ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻāύ āĻŽāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻāϤ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻŦāĻā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻূā§°ি āĻ
āĻšাā§° āϞāĻে āϞāĻে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻĻেāĻিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻংā§°াāĻী āϏ্āĻুāϞāĻāύ āĻাāϞ āύাāĻĒাāϞে। āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ āĻāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻā§°ু āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻোāύো āĻļিāĻ্āώা āύাāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻĒāĻļ্āĻিāĻŽীāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ āĻā§°ু āϏংāĻীāϤāĻ āĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ, āϤেāĻঁāĻ āύিāĻā§° āĻāĻা āĻোāĻ া āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻŽৈāĻšāϤীāϝ়া āϏংāϝোāĻāĻো āĻিāĻি āĻĒেāϞোā§ąা āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻĒāĻĻāϤ্āϝাāĻā§° āϏৈāϤে āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻাāύ্āϤāϤা āϏ্āĻŦীāĻাā§° āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
2. Three reasons why the author’s grandmother was disturbed when he started going to the city school ?
āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āϝাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°াā§° āϤিāύিāĻা āĻাā§°āĻŖ?
Answer:- When the narrator’s parents settled in the city, they sent for them. That was a turning-point in their friendship. They still lived in the same room. But the old lady was now quite disturbed. The narrator used to go to an English school in a motor bus. She couldn’t accompany him to the school as she used to do in the village. In the village she used to stay in the temple that was attached to the school.
In the city there was no dogs in the streets. The grandmother felt quite disturbed. She couldn’t throw chapattis to them now. The old lady took to feeding sparrows in the courtyard of their city house. As the years rolled by, the narrator and the grandmother saw less of each other.
The most disturbing factor for the grandmother was the English school where he used to study. She didn’t understand English words. Nor could she help him in his studies. She knew nothing about western science and learning. She did not believe in the topics they taught at the English school. She was distressed that there was no teaching about God and the scriptures. She was disturbed when she came to know that they taught music at the school. She hated music. She considered it fit only for harlots and beggars. It was not meant for gentle folks.
āĻāĻĨāĻā§° āĻĒিāϤৃ-āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻšā§°āϤ āĻŦāϏāϤি āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāϞে, āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻāĻ āĻŽাāϤি āĻĒāĻ িāϝ়াāĻ āĻĻিāϞে। āϏেāĻāĻো āĻāĻিāϞ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻা āĻাā§°্āύিং āĻĒāĻāĻŖ্āĻ। āϤেāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āϏিāĻšঁāϤ āĻāĻেāĻা āĻোāĻ াāϤে āĻĨাāĻে। āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŦুāĻĸ়ীāĻāύী āĻāϤিāϝ়া āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞিāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύে āĻŽāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻāϤ āĻāĻ ি āĻংā§°াāĻী āϏ্āĻুāϞ āĻāĻāύāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻাঁā§ąāϤ āĻāĻā§° āĻĻā§°ে āϤাāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āϞāĻāϤ āϝাāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞে৷ āĻাঁā§ąāϤ āϤাāĻ āĻāĻāϤে āϏ্āĻুāϞ⧰ āϞāĻāϤ āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻĨাāĻিāĻিāϞ।
āĻāĻšā§°āϤ ā§°াāĻāĻĒāĻĨāϤ āĻুāĻুā§° āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞিāϤ āĻ
āύুāĻā§ą āĻā§°িāϞে। āϤাāĻ āĻāϤিāϝ়া āϏিāĻšঁāϤāĻ āĻাāĻĒāĻ্āĻী āĻĒেāϞাāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āύাāĻিāϞ৷ āĻŦুāĻĸ়ীāϝ়ে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻāĻšā§°ā§° āĻā§°ā§° āĻোāϤাāϞāϤ āĻā§°াāĻāĻ āĻুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°িāϞে। āĻŦāĻā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻĒাā§° āĻšৈ āϝোā§ąাā§° āϞāĻে āϞāĻে āĻāĻĨāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻĻেāĻা āĻĒাāϞে।
āĻāĻāϤাāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻāĻŽāύিāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ āĻাā§°āĻāĻো āĻāĻিāϞ āϤেāĻঁ āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻংā§°াāĻী āϏ্āĻুāϞāĻāύ। āϤাāĻ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦুāĻি āĻĒোā§ąা āύাāĻিāϞ। āύāϤুāĻŦা āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻĒāĻĸ়া-āĻļুāύাāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞে। āĻĒāĻļ্āĻিāĻŽীāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ āĻā§°ু āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϤাāĻ āĻāĻো āύাāĻাāύিāĻিāϞ। āĻংā§°াāĻী āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĒāĻĸ়োā§ąা āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦোā§°āϤ āϤাāĻā§° āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻā§°ু āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻোāύো āĻļিāĻ্āώা āύাāĻ āĻŦুāϞি āϤাāĻ āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ। āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āϏংāĻীāϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়োā§ąা āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻŽ āĻĒাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞিāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϏংāĻীāϤāĻ āĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻŦেāĻļ্āϝা āĻā§°ু āĻিāĻ্āώাā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦুāϞি āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻāύা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻোāĻŽāϞ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āύাāĻিāϞ।
3. Three ways in which the author’s grandmother spent her days after he grew up ?
Answer:- The intimacy between the narrator and his grandmother was snapped when they were sent for in the city. As the years rolled by, they saw less of each other. When the narrator grew up, he went up to university. He was given a room of his own. The common link of friendship was snapped. The grandmother accepted it as her fate.
The grandmother soon found out new ways of spending her time. She now spent most of her time at the spinning-wheel. She rarely left her spinning-wheel to talk to anyone. From sunrise to sunset she sat by the spinning-wheel. While spinning, she continued reciting prayers. She relaxed only in the afternoon to feed the sparrows.
The third way in which the old lady spent her time, was her feeding the sparrows. She would sit in the verandah. She would break the bread into little bits. Hundreds of little birds collected around her. They created a ‘bedlam of chirrupings’. They came and perched on her legs and shoulders. Some even sat on her head. She smiled but never shooed them away. Feeding the sparrows used to be the happiest hour of the day for her.
4. The odd ways in which the author’s grandmother behaved just before she died ?
Answer:- After five years the narrator came back home. He found the grandmother at the station. She didn’t utter any words but clasped him in her arms. He could hear her reciting her prayers. But in the evening a change came over her. Her behaviour was quite odd. She didn’t pray. She collected the women of the neighbourhood. She got an old drum and started singing. For several hours she thumped the drum. She sang of the homecoming of warriors. She was very much excited. They had to persuade her to stop to avoid over straining. That was the first time that she did not pray.
The next morning she was taken ill. It was a mild fever. But the grand old lady declared that her end was near. She was not going to waste any more time talking to them. She continued praying. They protested but she ignored their protests. She lay peacefully in bed praying and telling her beads. Her lips stopped moving. The rosary fell from her lifeless fingers. Her face turned pale. They knew she was dead. They lifted her off the bed and covered her with a shroud.
The grandmother behaved quite strangely just before she died. She was quite excited at the homecoming of her grandson. She tired herself and fell ill. She died while praying and telling her beads.
āĻĒাঁāĻ āĻŦāĻā§°ā§° āĻĒাāĻāϤ āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύ āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšিāϞ। āώ্āĻেāĻāύāϤ āĻāĻāϤাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻাā§°ি āĻĒাāϞে। āϤাāĻ āĻāĻো āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āύāĻ’āϞে āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻোāϞাāϤ āĻাāĻŽুāĻি āϧ⧰িāϞে। āϤাāĻā§° āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻļুāύিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏāύ্āϧিāϝ়া āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻা āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āĻāĻšিāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻā§°āĻŖ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻ
āĻĻ্āĻুāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°া āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻুāĻŦুā§°ীā§° āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāϏāĻāϞāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻোāĻাāĻ āϞৈāĻিāϞ। āĻĒুā§°āĻŖি āĻĸোāϞ āĻāĻা āϞৈ āϤাāĻ āĻাāύ āĻাāĻŦāϞৈ āϧ⧰িāϞে। āĻেāĻāĻŦা āĻāĻŖ্āĻা āϧ⧰ি āϤাāĻ āĻĸোāϞāĻো āĻŽাā§°িāϞে। āϤাāĻ āϝোāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āĻ
āĻšাā§° āĻāĻĨা āĻাāĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻŦā§° āĻāϤ্āϤেāĻিāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻ
āĻাā§° āώ্āĻ্ā§°েāĻāύিং āύāĻš’āĻŦāϞৈ āϤাāĻāĻ ā§°ৈ āĻĨাāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŽাāύ্āϤি āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞāĻীāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϏেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤে āϤাāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽāĻŦাā§°ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āύাāĻŽাāĻ āύিāĻĻিāϞে।
āĻĒিāĻāĻĻিāύা ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āϤাāĻāĻ āĻ
āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻā§°ি āϞৈ āϝোā§ąা āĻš’āϞ। āĻŽৃāĻĻু āĻ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻ্ā§°েāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦুāĻĸ়ীāĻā§°াāĻীāϝ়ে āĻোāώāĻŖা āĻā§°িāϞে āϝে āϤাāĻā§° āĻ
āύ্āϤ āĻāĻā§° āĻাāĻĒিāĻে। āϏিāĻšঁāϤ⧰ āϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤি āϤাāĻ āĻā§°ু āϏāĻŽāϝ় āύāώ্āĻ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āϝোā§ąা āύাāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°ি āĻĨাāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻā§°িāϞে āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϤাāĻ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦাāĻĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻাāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞে। āϤাāĻ āĻļাāύ্āϤিā§°ে āĻŦিāĻāύাāϤ āĻĒā§°ি āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°ি āϤাāĻā§° āĻুāĻিāĻŦোā§° āĻ’āϞে। āϤাāĻā§° āĻঁāĻ āĻĻুāĻা āϞ⧰āĻā§° āĻā§°া āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻšৈ āĻ’āϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āύিā§°্āĻীā§ą āĻāĻুāϞিā§° āĻĒā§°া ā§°োāĻাā§°ীāĻāύ āϏ⧰ি āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āĻŽুāĻāĻāύ āĻļেঁāϤা āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āĻাāύিāĻিāϞ āϤাāĻ āĻŽā§°ি āĻৈāĻে। āϤাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻāύাā§° āĻĒā§°া āϤুāϞি āĻāĻĢāύেā§°ে āĻĸাāĻি āĻĻিāϞে।
āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুā§° āĻ িāĻ āĻāĻāϤে āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻ
āĻĻ্āĻুāϤ āĻāĻā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āύাāϤিā§° āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻāĻāϤি āĻ
āĻšাāϤ āϤাāĻ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āύিāĻāĻে āĻাāĻā§°ুā§ąা āĻšৈ āĻ
āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°ি āϤাāĻā§° āĻুāĻিāĻŦোā§° āĻāĻঁāϤে āϤাāĻā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻš’āϞ।
5. The ways in which the sparrows expressed their sorrow when the author’s grandmother died?
Answer:- The grandmother took to feeding sparrows in the city as she used to feed dogs in the village. Hundreds of little birds collected around her. Some of them perched on her head and legs. Feeding the sparrows was ‘the happiest half-hour of the day for her’. The sparrows and the old lady had developed an intimate companionship. When the grandmother died the sparrows expressed their sorrow in a unique and moving manner.
The grandmother lay dead on the floor wrapped in the red shroud. Thousands of sparrows sat scattered on the floor. There was no chirruping. They felt sorry for the birds. The narrator’s mother fetched some bread for them. She broke he bread into little crumbs. She threw the crumbs to the sparrows as the grandmother used to do. The sparrows took no notice of the bread. When they carried the grandmother’s corpse off they flew away quietly. Next morning the sweeper swept the bread crumbs into the dustbin.
The sparrows paid their silent tribute to the grand old lady. They mourned her death like human beings. They didn’t even touch the bread crumbs thrown to them.
āĻাঁā§ąāϤ āĻুāĻুā§°āĻ āĻুā§ąাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦেāĻ āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻšā§°āϤ āĻā§°াāĻāĻ āĻুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻā§°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻā§°িāϞে। āϤাāĻā§° āĻাā§°িāĻāĻĢাāϞে āĻļ āĻļ āϏ⧰ু āϏ⧰ু āĻā§°াāĻ āĻāĻŽা āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āĻিāĻুāĻŽাāύ āϤাāĻā§° āĻŽূā§° āĻā§°ু āĻā§°িā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšিāϞ। āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°āĻ āĻুā§ąাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়াāĻো āĻāĻিāϞ ‘āϤাāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻিāύāĻোā§° āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āϏুāĻā§° āĻāϧা āĻāĻŖ্āĻা’। āĻā§°াāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻŦুāĻĸ়ীāĻāύীā§° āĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻāĻ āĻ
āύ্āϤ⧰ংāĻ āϏংāĻ āĻāĻĸ়ি āĻāĻ িāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻāϤাāĻā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°ে āύিāĻā§° āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻাāĻļ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āĻāĻ āĻ
āύāύ্āϝ āĻā§°ু āĻŽāύ āĻুāĻ āϝোā§ąা āϧ⧰āĻŖেā§°ে।
āĻāĻāϤাāĻ ā§°āĻা āĻāĻĢāύāϤ āĻŽেā§°িāϝ়াāĻ āĻŽāĻিāϝ়াāϤ āĻŽৃāϤ āĻ
ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϤ āĻĒā§°ি āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻšাāĻাā§° āĻšাāĻাā§° āĻā§°াāĻ āĻŽāĻিāϝ়াāϤ āϏিঁāĻā§°āϤি āĻšৈ āĻŦāĻšি āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻোāύো āĻিā§°-āĻিā§°িāĻāĻিā§° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻĻুāĻ āϞাāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻĨāĻā§° āĻŽাāĻে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে ā§°ুāĻি āĻিāĻু āĻāύি āĻĻিāϞে। āϤাāĻ āϤাā§° ā§°ুāĻি āϏ⧰ু āϏ⧰ু āĻুāĻুā§°া āĻā§°ি āĻাāĻি āĻĒেāϞাāϞে। āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻāϤে āĻā§°া āϧ⧰āĻŖে āϤাāĻ āĻুāĻিāϞ āĻুāĻুā§°াāĻŦোā§° āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻāĻā§°āϞৈ āĻĻāϞিāϝ়াāĻ āĻĻিāϞে। āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°ে ā§°ুāĻিāĻāύ⧰ āĻোāύো āĻুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āύিāĻĻিāϞে। āĻāĻāϤাāĻā§° āĻŽৃāϤāĻĻেāĻšāĻো āĻāĻĸ়িāϝ়াāĻ āύিāϞে āϏিāĻšঁāϤে āĻŽāύে āĻŽāύে āĻā§°ি āĻ’āϞ। āĻĒিāĻāĻĻিāύা ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āĻুāĻāĻĒাā§°ে ā§°ুāĻিā§° āĻুāĻুā§°াāĻŦোā§° āĻĄাāώ্āĻāĻŦিāύāϤ āĻাāĻĄ়ু āĻĻিāϞে।
āĻā§°াāĻāĻŦোā§°ে āĻā§ąিāώ্āϝ⧠āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧাāĻā§°াāĻীāĻ āĻŽৌāύ āĻļ্ā§°āĻĻ্āϧাāĻ্āĻāϞি āĻāύাāϝ়। āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻĻā§°ে āϤাāĻā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϤ āĻļোāĻ āĻā§°িāϞে। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻāĻā§°āϞৈ āĻĻāϞিāϝ়াāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়া ā§°ুāĻিā§° āĻুāĻুā§°াāĻŦোā§°ো āĻুāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āύাāĻিāϞ৷
TALKING ABOUT THE TEXT
1. The author’s grandmother was a religious person. What are the different ways in which we come to know this?
āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤা āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āϧ⧰্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻো āĻাāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻāĻĒাāϝ়āĻŦোā§° āĻি?
Answer:- The author’s grandmother was a highly religious lady. Her one hand was always busy in telling the beads of her rosary. Her lips constantly moved in an inaudible prayer. She used to get up early in the morning. She said her morning prayer in ‘a monotonous sing-song’. The grandmother always went to school with the narrator because the school was attached to the temple. The grandmother would sit in the temple reading the scriptures.
The old lady was quite conservative. She didn’t like the new English school in the city. She was unhappy because there was no teaching about God and the scriptures at the city school. She felt quite disturbed at this aspect of education. They gave music lessons at the English school. She considered music fit only for harlots and beggars. It was not meant for gentlefolks.
The only time when she didn’t pray was the day when the narrator returned from abroad. It was quite an odd thing for her. But she more than compensated for this lapse. When she realised that her end was near, she stopped talking. She lay peacefully in bed praying and telling her beads. Her lips stopped moving. The rosary fell from her lifeless fingers.
āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āĻ
āϤি āϧ⧰্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻāĻĻ্ā§°āĻŽāĻšিāϞা। āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻšাāϤāĻāύ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় āϤাāĻā§° ā§°োāĻাā§°ীā§° āĻুāĻিāĻŦোā§° āĻোā§ąাāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāϏ্āϤ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āĻঁāĻ āĻĻুāĻা āĻ
āĻļ্ā§°ā§ąāĻŖীāϝ় āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύাāϤ āĻ
āύāĻŦā§°āϤে āϞ⧰āĻā§° āĻā§°ি āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āϏোāύāĻাāϞে āĻāĻ িāĻিāϞ। ‘āĻāĻা āĻāĻāĻেāϝ়াāĻŽী āĻাāϝ়āύ-āĻীāϤ’āϤ āϤাāĻ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϏ্āĻুāϞāĻāύ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻšৈ āĻĨāĻাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় āĻāĻĨāĻā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšি āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§° āĻĒাāĻ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ।
āĻŦুāĻĸ়ীāĻāύী āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ ā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖāĻļীāϞ āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻšā§°ā§° āύāϤুāύ āĻংā§°াāĻী āϏ্āĻুāϞāĻāύ āϤাāĻā§° āĻাāϞ āύাāϞাāĻিāϞ৷ āϤাāĻ āĻ
āϏুāĻী āĻāĻিāϞ āĻাā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻšā§°ā§° āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āĻāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻā§°ু āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻোāύো āĻļিāĻ্āώা āύাāĻিāϞ। āĻļিāĻ্āώাā§° āĻāĻ āĻĻিāĻļāĻোāϤ āϤাāĻ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞিāϤ āĻ
āύুāĻā§ą āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ āϏংāĻীāϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻ āĻĻিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϏংāĻীāϤāĻ āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻŦেāĻļ্āϝা āĻā§°ু āĻিāĻ্āώাā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻŖ্āϝ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻĻ্ā§°āϞোāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦেāĻ āĻāϝ়াā§° āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āύাāĻিāϞ।
āϤাāĻ āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āύāĻā§°াā§° āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্ā§° āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻো āĻāĻিāϞ āϏেāĻāĻĻিāύা āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύ āĻŦāĻšিঃā§°াāĻ্āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏেāϝ়া āĻāĻিāϞ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻ
āĻĻ্āĻুāϤ āĻāĻĨা। āĻিāύ্āϤু āϤাāĻ āĻāĻ āϞেāĻĒāĻā§° āĻ্āώāϤিāĻĒূā§°āĻŖāϤāĻৈāĻ āĻ
āϧিāĻ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāĻ āĻŦুāĻি āĻĒাāϞে āϝে āϤাāĻā§° āĻļেāώ āĻāĻā§° āĻাāĻĒিāĻে, āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāĻ āĻāĻĨা āĻোā§ąা āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻā§°ি āĻĻিāϞে। āϤাāĻ āĻļাāύ্āϤিā§°ে āĻŦিāĻāύাāϤ āĻĒā§°ি āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻā§°ি āϤাāĻā§° āĻুāĻিāĻŦোā§° āĻ’āϞে। āϤাāĻā§° āĻঁāĻ āĻĻুāĻা āϞ⧰āĻā§° āĻā§°া āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻšৈ āĻ’āϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āύিā§°্āĻীā§ą āĻāĻুāϞিā§° āĻĒā§°া ā§°োāĻাā§°ীāĻāύ āϏ⧰ি āĻĒā§°িāϞ।
2. Describe the changing relationship between the author and his grandmother. Did their feelings for each other change?
āϞেāĻāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻāϤাā§° āĻŽাāĻā§° āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύāĻļীāϞ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ āĻŦā§°্āĻŖāύা āĻā§°āĻ। āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻ
āύুāĻূāϤি āϏāϞāύি āĻšৈāĻিāϞ āύেāĻি?
Answer:- Circumstances did have a bearig on the relationship between the author and his grandmother. They had most intimate relationship when they were in village. They were ‘good friends’ then. His parents left him with her when they went to live in the city. They were constantly together. She used to wake him up in the morning. She got him ready for school. She would offer him a breakfast of a thick, stale chapatti with a little butter and sugar. Then they went to school. She always went to school because, the old lady sat in the temple reading scriptures.
Soon a turning-point came in their relationship. The narrator’s parents sent for them in the city. Now she couldn’t go to school with him as he went there in a motor bus. In the new English school, she couldn’t help him in studies. She hated English, science and music. As the years rolled by they saw less of each other. When he went up to university, the common link of their friendship was snapped. When he went abroad she came to see him off at the station and kissed his forehead.
No, their feelings for each other didn’t change. The grandmother was very much excited when the narrator returned from abroad. She celebrated the homecoming of her grandson in her own way. For several hours she sang and thumped the drum. She tried herself and fell ill.
āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āϞেāĻāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻāĻāϤাā§° āĻŽাāĻā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻা āĻŦিāϝ়াā§°িāĻ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āĻাঁā§ąāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻāĻাāĻāϤāĻৈ āĻāύিāώ্āĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া 'āĻাāϞ āĻŦāύ্āϧু' āĻāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āĻāĻšā§°āϤ āĻĨাāĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻĒিāϤৃ-āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āϤেāĻঁāĻ āϤাāĻā§° āĻāĻā§°āϤ āĻā§°ি āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āύিā§°āύ্āϤ⧰ āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āĻāĻাāĻ āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏাāĻু āĻā§°ি āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻ
āϞāĻĒ āĻŽাāĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻেāύীā§°ে āĻāĻা āĻĄাāĻ , āĻŦাāϏি āĻাāĻĒā§°িā§° ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąাā§° āĻāĻšাā§° āĻāĻāĻŦāĻĸ়াāĻŦ। āϤাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ āĻাā§°āĻŖ, āĻŦুāĻĸ়ী āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšি āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§° āĻĒāĻĸ়িāĻিāϞ।
āĻ
āϤি āϏোāύāĻাāϞেāĻ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻāϤ āĻāĻা āĻাā§°্āĻŖিং āĻĒāĻāĻŖ্āĻ āĻāĻšিāϞ। āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃ-āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύāϤ āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒāĻ িāϝ়াāĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāϤিāϝ়া āϤাāĻ āϤেāĻঁā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āϝাāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞে āĻিāϝ়āύো āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻāύ āĻŽāĻā§° āĻŦাāĻāϤ āϤাāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āύāϤুāύ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ, āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻĒāĻĸ়াāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āĻā§°িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°িāϞে। āϤাāĻ āĻংā§°াāĻী, āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ āĻā§°ু āϏংāĻীāϤāĻ āĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻŦāĻā§°āĻŦোā§° āĻূā§°ি āĻ
āĻšাā§° āϞāĻে āϞāĻে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻĻেāĻিāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ, āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻŽৈāĻšāϤীāϝ়া āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻāĻো āĻিāĻি āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āϤেāĻঁ āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ āϤাāĻ āϤেāĻঁāĻ āώ্āĻেāĻāύāϤ āĻাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻšিāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻĒাāϞāϤ āĻুāĻŽা āĻাāĻāĻিāϞ।
āύāĻšāϝ়, āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻ
āύুāĻূāϤি āϏāϞāύি āĻšোā§ąা āύাāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύ āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšিāĻিāϞ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻāϤাāĻā§°াāĻী āĻŦāĻšুāϤ āĻā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āύিāĻā§° āϧ⧰āĻŖে āύাāϤিā§° āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻূā§°ি āĻ
āĻšাāĻāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āĻেāĻāĻŦা āĻāĻŖ্āĻাāϧ⧰ি āϤাāĻ āĻাāύ āĻাāĻāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āĻĸোāϞāĻো āĻŽাā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āύিāĻāĻে āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āĻā§°ু āĻ
āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ।
3. Would you agree that the author’s grandmother was a person strong in character? If yes, give instances that show this.
āĻāĻĒুāύি āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤ āĻš'āĻŦāύে āϝে āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤা āĻā§°িāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻāĻিāϞ? āϝāĻĻি āĻšāϝ়, āĻāύে āĻāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ āϝিāϝ়ে āĻāĻāĻো āĻĻেāĻুā§ąাāϝ়।
Answer:- The grandmother was a very strong personality. She was a highly religious lady. She was a conservative lady who hated modern views and ways of life. She had very strong personal likings and dislikes. Being a religious lady and a widow, she could be seen hobbling about the house in a spotless white dress. She used to get up early in the morning. She said her prayers in a monotonous sing-song. One of her hands was always telling the beads of her rosary. She was like the ‘winter landscape in the mountains’. She breathed peace and contentment.
The grandmother was quite rigid in her views. She liked the villag school because it was attached to the temple. She sat in the temple reading the scriptures. She hated the English school in the city for various reasons. She was unhappy that there was no teaching about God and the scriptures there. She was quite disturbed at this. They gave music lessons at the school. To her music meant only for harlots and beggars and not for ‘gentlefolk’.
It is quite difficult to show complete agreement with her conservative views. But she was a strong and determined character. She led her own kind of life. She never compromised with her principles. She loved the narrator deeply but never tried to be sentimental.
āĻāĻāϤা āĻā§°াāĻী āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āĻ
āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϧ⧰্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻāĻā§°াāĻী ā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖāĻļীāϞ āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻāĻিāϞ āϝিāϝ়ে āĻāϧুāύিāĻ āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিāĻংāĻী āĻā§°ু āĻীā§ąāύāĻļোঁāϤাāĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āĻŦāĻšুāϤ āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ āĻĒāĻāύ্āĻĻ āĻā§°ু āĻ
āĻĒāĻāύ্āĻĻ āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āϧ⧰্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻā§°ু āĻŦিāĻ§ā§ąা āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে, āϤেāĻঁāĻ āύিāώ্āĻāϞāĻ্āĻ āĻŦāĻা āĻĒোāĻাāĻ āĻĒিāύ্āϧি āĻā§°āĻোā§° āĻāĻā§°ে āĻĒাāĻā§°ে āĻূā§°ি āĻĢুā§°া āĻĻেāĻা āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āϏোāύāĻাāϞে āĻāĻ িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻāĻāĻেāϝ়াāĻŽী āĻাāύāϤ āϤাāĻā§° āĻĒ্ā§°াā§°্āĻĨāύা āĻ'āϞে। āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻāύ āĻšাāϤ āϏāĻĻাāϝ় āĻāĻĒāĻŽাāϞাā§° āĻŽāĻŖিāĻŦোā§° āĻৈ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ 'āĻĒā§°্āĻŦāϤ⧰ āĻļীāϤāĻাāϞীāύ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝāĻĒāĻ'ā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻā§°ু āϏāύ্āϤুāώ্āĻিāĻāĻļাāĻš āϞৈāĻিāϞ।
āĻāĻāϤাāĻā§°াāĻী āϤাāĻā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিāĻংāĻāϤāĻাā§ąে āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻāĻ োā§° āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻিāϞাāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞāĻāύ āĻাāϞ āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ āĻাā§°āĻŖ āĻ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšি āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§° āĻĒāĻĸ়ি āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻাā§°āĻŖāϤ āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύ⧰ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āĻāύāĻ āĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻ
āϏāύ্āϤুāώ্āĻ āĻāĻিāϞ āϝে āϤাāϤ āĻāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻā§°ু āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻোāύো āĻļিāĻ্āώা āύাāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻāĻāĻোāϤ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻŦিāĻāϞিāϤ āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ āϏংāĻীāϤ⧰ āĻĒাāĻ āĻĻিāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻā§° āϏংāĻীāϤ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻšাā§°্āϞāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻিāĻ্āώাā§°ীāϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻিāϞ, 'āĻŽৃāĻĻু āϞোāĻ'ā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āύāĻšāϝ়।
āϤাāĻā§° ā§°āĻ্āώāĻŖāĻļীāϞ āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিāĻংāĻীā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāύ āĻā§°াāĻো āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻāĻ িāύ। āĻিāύ্āϤু āϤাāĻ āĻāĻā§°াāĻী āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻā§°ু āĻĻৃāĻĸ় āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ্āĻ āĻā§°িāϤ্ā§° āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āύিāĻā§° āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻীā§ąāύ āϝাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻেāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āϤাāĻā§° āύীāϤিā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻāĻĒোāĻ āĻā§°া āύাāĻিāϞ। āϤাāĻ āĻāĻĨāĻāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻীā§°āĻাā§ąে āĻাāϞ āĻĒাāĻāĻিāϞ āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻেāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āĻāĻŦেāĻিāĻ āĻš'āĻŦāϞৈ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻā§°া āύাāĻিāϞ।
4. Have you known someone like the author’s grandmother? Do you feel the same sense of loss with regard to someone whom you have loved and lost?
āĻāĻĒুāύি āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤাā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻাā§°োāĻŦাāĻ āĻিāύি āĻĒাāĻāĻে āύেāĻি? āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻাāϞ āĻĒোā§ąা āĻā§°ু āĻšেā§°ুāĻā§ąা āĻাā§°োāĻŦাā§° āĻ্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻāĻেāĻ āĻ্āώāϤিā§° āĻ
āύুāĻূāϤি āĻ
āύুāĻā§ą āĻā§°ে āύেāĻি?
Answer:- Yes, I remember my grandmother with love and respect. She resembled the author’s grandmother in every respect. Like them, we were left together in the village. My parents went to settle in the city. My grandmother was an essential part of my life and personality. She woke me up early in the morning. She got me ready for school. We went to school together. She sat in the temple reading scriptures. The temple was attached to the school. We came home together. However, a turning-point came in our friendship when my parents sent for us in the city. I was admitted to an English school. My grandmother hated western science, English and music. When I went up to university, the bond of our relationship was broken. The grandmother accepted her fate silently.
Definitely, we feel the same sense of loss with regard to someone whom we have loved. The death of my grandmother proves this point. I still remember the grand old lady. She is no more in this world but her memories are still fresh in my mind. These keep me alive.
āĻšāϝ়, āĻŽāĻ āĻŽোā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻŽā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°ু āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻŽāύāϤ ā§°াāĻিāĻোঁ। āϤেāĻঁ āϏāĻāϞো āĻ্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤে āϞেāĻāĻā§° āĻāĻāϤাā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻā§° āĻĻā§°ে, āĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻাāĻঁāĻāύāϤ āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻā§°ি āĻĻিāϝ়া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āĻŽোā§° āĻŽা-āĻĻেāĻāϤা āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύāϤ āĻŦāϏāϤি āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻŽোā§° āĻāĻāϤা āĻŽোā§° āĻীā§ąāύ āĻā§°ু āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻ āĻ
āĻĒā§°িāĻšাā§°্āϝ āĻ
ংāĻļ āĻāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻŽোāĻ ā§°াāϤিāĻĒুā§ąা āϏোāύāĻাāϞে āĻāĻাāĻ āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ। āϤেāĻঁ āĻŽোāĻ āϏ্āĻুāϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏাāĻু āĻā§°ি āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āϏ্āĻুāϞāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞো। āϤেāĻঁ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšি āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্ā§° āĻĒāĻĸ়িāĻিāϞ। āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিā§°āĻো āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻেāϞāĻে āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻāĻšিāĻিāϞো। āĻিāύ্āϤু āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŽোā§° āĻŽা-āĻĻেāĻāϤাāĻ āĻāĻšā§°āĻāύāϤ āĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻĒāĻ িāϝ়াāĻāĻিāϞ āϤেāϤিāϝ়া āĻāĻŽাā§° āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦāϤ āĻāĻ āϏāύ্āϧিāĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻāĻšিāĻিāϞ। āĻŽোāĻ āĻāĻāύ āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϤ āĻā§°্āϤি āĻā§°োā§ąা āĻšৈāĻিāϞ। āĻŽোā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻĒāĻļ্āĻিāĻŽীāϝ়া āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ, āĻংā§°াāĻী āĻā§°ু āϏংāĻীāϤāĻ āĻৃāĻŖা āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āĻŽāĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞো, āĻāĻŽাā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒā§°্āĻā§° āĻŦাāύ্āϧোāύ āĻাāĻি āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻাāĻ্āϝ āύিঃāĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻে āĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°িāϞে।
THINKING ABOUT LANGUAGE
āĻাāώাā§° āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āĻিāύ্āϤা āĻā§°া
1. Which language do you think the author and his grandmother used while talking to each other?
āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤি āĻĨাāĻোāϤে āϞেāĻāĻ āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻāϤাāĻ āĻোāύāĻো āĻাāώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ āĻŦুāϞি āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻাāĻŦে?
Answer:- Khushwant Singh and his grandmother lived in a village of Punjab. Naturally, they talked to each other in Punjabi.
āĻুāĻā§ąāύ্āϤ āϏিং āĻā§°ু āϤেāĻঁā§° āĻāĻāϤা āĻĒāĻ্āĻাā§ąā§° āĻāĻāύ āĻাঁā§ąāϤ āĻŦাāϏ āĻā§°িāĻিāϞ। āϏ্āĻŦাāĻাā§ąিāĻāϤে, āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĒাāĻ্āĻাā§ąীāϤ āĻāĻāύে āϏিāĻāύ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāĻিāϞ।
2. Which language do you use to talk to elderly relatives in your family?
āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻĒā§°িāϝ়াāϞ⧰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ āĻāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āϏāĻāϞ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāϤিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻোāύāĻো āĻাāώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°ে?
Answer:- I belong to a assamese speaking area. I use assamese language while taking to elderly relatives in my family.
āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻা āĻ
āϏāĻŽāĻাāώী āĻ
āĻ্āĻāϞ⧰ āĻ
āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻুāĻ্āϤ। āĻŽāĻ āĻŽোā§° āĻĒā§°িāϝ়াāϞ⧰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ āĻāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āϏāĻāϞ⧰ āĻāĻā§°āϞৈ āϝাāĻঁāϤে āĻ
āϏāĻŽāĻাāώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āĻā§°োঁ।
3. How would you say ‘a dilapidated drum’ in your language?
āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻাāώাāϤ 'āĻāĻা āĻā§°াāĻীā§°্āĻŖ āĻĸোāϞ' āĻেāύেāĻৈ āĻ'āĻŦ?
Answer:- ‘A dilapidated drum’ in my language means “dhol”.
āĻŽোā§° āĻাāώাāϤ 'āĻāĻা āĻā§°াāĻীā§°্āĻŖ āĻĸোāϞ'ā§° āĻ
ā§°্āĻĨ āĻšৈāĻে "āĻĸোāϞ"।
4. Can you think of a song or a poem in your language that talks of homecoming?
āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻাāώাā§° āĻāĻা āĻাāύ āĻŦা āĻāĻŦিāϤাā§° āĻāĻĨা āĻাāĻŦিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦāύে āϝিāϝ়ে āĻā§°āϞৈ āĻূā§°ি āĻ
āĻšাā§° āĻāĻĨা āĻāϝ়?
Answer:- Come back!
Back to the land of your birth.
Meadows are still green
Air as fresh as you left it.
Come and see those gurgling brooks
They will reflect your childhood.
Come back! Years that rolled by
Will come to life once again.
āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšা!
āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻāύ্āĻŽāĻূāĻŽিāϞৈ āĻূā§°ি āϝাāĻāĻ।
āĻŽেāĻĄোāĻ āĻāϤিāϝ়াāĻ āϏেāĻāĻীāϝ়া
āĻāĻĒুāύি āĻā§°ি āϝোā§ąাā§° āĻĻā§°ে āϏāϤেāĻ āĻŦāϤাāĻš।
āĻāĻšāĻ āĻā§°ু āϏেāĻ āĻুā§°্āĻāϞিং āĻŦ্ā§°ুāĻāĻŦোā§° āĻাāĻāĻ
āϏেāĻāĻŦোā§°ে āĻāĻĒোāύাā§° āĻļৈāĻļā§ą āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻā§°িāĻŦ।
āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšা! āĻŦāĻā§° āϝিāĻŦোā§° ā§°'āϞ āĻšৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ
āĻāĻৌ āĻāĻŦাā§° āĻীā§ąāύāϞৈ āĻāĻšিāĻŦ।
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