Lesson: 8
Co-Operate and Prosper
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Word Note:
Frothy- giving foam
āĻĢেāύāϝুāĻ্āϤ- āĻĢেāύ āĻĻিāϝ়া
Reared- bred
āϞাāϞāύ-āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻā§°া
Prosperity- good fortune
āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧি- āϏৌāĻাāĻ্āϝ
Assigned- allotted
āύিāϝুāĻ্āϤ- āĻāĻŦāĻŖ্āĻিāϤ
Harassed- tortured, troubled
āĻšাā§°াāĻļাāϏ্āϤি- āĻ āϤ্āϝাāĻাā§° āĻā§°া, āĻ āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻā§°া
Compete- try to do better than others
āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϝোāĻিāϤা- āĻāύāϤāĻৈ āĻাāϞ āĻā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻā§°āĻ
Providence- God's care for human beings
āĻĒ্ā§°āĻিāĻĄেāύ্āϏ- āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻāĻļ্āĻŦā§°ā§° āϝāϤ্āύ
Energetic- dynamic, full of force
āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী- āĻāϤিāĻļীāϞ, āĻŦāϞেā§°ে āĻā§°া
Ambitious- challenging, full of strong desire
āĻ āĻিāϞাāώী- āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻš্āĻŦাāύāĻŽূāϞāĻ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāϞ āĻāĻ্āĻাā§°ে āĻā§°া
Strove- tried hard
āώ্āĻ্ā§°'āĻ- āĻŦāĻšুāϤ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻā§°িāϞে
Relentless- tireless
Architect- one who plans and designs
āϏ্āĻĨāĻĒāϤিāĻŦিāĻĻ- āϝিāĻāύে āĻĒā§°িāĻāϞ্āĻĒāύা āĻā§°ু āĻĄিāĻাāĻāύ āĻā§°ে
Keeping the wolf from the doors- having enough money to avoid starvation
āĻĒāĻšুāĻোāĻ āĻĻুā§ąাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻঁāϤ⧰াāĻ ā§°āĻা- āĻ āύাāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻšাāϤ āϏাā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒā§°্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āϧāύ āĻĨāĻা
Comprehension
I. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.
(āĻāĻা āĻŦা āĻĻুāĻা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϤ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিā§া)
1. What are the sports that Dr. Kurien was good at?
( āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύ āĻি āĻি āĻেāϞāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: The sports that Dr. Kurien was good at are cricket, tennis and boxing.
( āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύ āĻ্ā§°িāĻেāĻ, āĻেāύিāĻ āĻā§°ু āĻŦāĻ্āϏিং āĻেāϞāϤ āĻĒাā§°্āĻāϤ āĻāĻিāϞ।)
2. Who were protected from being exploited?
(āĻাāĻ āĻļোāώিāϤ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻĒā§°া ā§°āĻ্āώা āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: The poor milk producers were protected from being exploited.
(āĻĻুāĻীā§া āĻাāĻীā§° āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻাā§°ীāϏāĻāϞāĻ āĻļোāώিāϤ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻĒā§°া ā§°āĻ্āώা āĻā§°া āĻšৈāĻিāϞ।)
3. Who made India the largest milk producer of the world?
( āĻাā§°āϤāĻ āĻোāύে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āϏāĻŦাāϤোāĻৈ āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻাāĻীā§° āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻাā§°ী āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻā§ি āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: Dr. Verghese Kurien made India the largest milk producer of the world.
( āĻĄা° āĻাā§°্āĻিāĻ āĻুā§°িā§েāύে āĻাā§°āϤāĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āϏāĻŦাāϤোāĻৈ āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻাāĻীā§° āĻā§āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻাā§°ী āĻšিāĻাāĻĒে āĻā§ি āϤুāϞিāĻিāϞ।)
4. What is the international award given to Dr. Kurien?
( āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύāĻ āĻĻিā§া āĻāύ্āϤ⧰্āĻাāϤিāĻ āĻŦāĻাঁāĻো āĻি āĻāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: The international award given to Dr. Kurien was Ramon Magsaysay Award.
( āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύāĻ āĻĻিā§া āĻāύ্āϤ⧰্āĻাāϤিāĻ āĻŦāĻাঁāĻো āĻāĻিāϞ ā§°াāĻŽāύ āĻŽেāĻাāĻাāĻা āĻŦāĻাঁ)
5. Complete the sentence: Dr. Kurien may rightly be called....
(āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°া: āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύāĻ āĻোā§ąা āĻšā§...)
Ans: Dr. Kurien may rightly be called the "Architect of India's Modern Dairy Industry" and the "Father of the White Revolution".
(āĻĄা° āĻুā§°িā§েāύāĻ āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻāϧুāύিāĻ āĻĻুāĻ্āϧāĻাāϤ āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āύিā§°্āĻŽাāϤা āĻā§°ু āĻাā§°āϤ⧰ āĻļ্āĻŦেāϤ āĻāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃ āĻŦুāϞি āĻোā§ąা āĻšā§)
6. Choose the correct answer (āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰āϤো āĻŦাāĻি āĻāϞিāĻā§ąা)
The woman who owns a buffalo celebrates.
(āϝিāϏāĻāϞ āĻŽāĻšিāϞাā§° āĻŽ’āĻšā§° āĻā§°াāĻী āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে...āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻā§°ে)
a) Holi (b) Diwali (c) Pongal (d) Christmas ...everyday.
Ans: Diwali.(āĻĻীāĻĒাā§ąāϞী)
7. List out various milk products.
(āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĻুāĻ্āϧāĻাāϤ āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ীā§° āϤাāϞিāĻা āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻā§°া)
Ans: Various milk products are Butter, cheese, chocolates, ice cream.
( āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĻুāĻ্āϧāĻাāϤ āϏাāĻŽāĻ্ā§°ী āĻš’āϞ āĻŽাāĻāύ,āĻীāĻ,āĻāĻāϞেāĻ,āĻāĻāĻāĻ্ā§°ীāĻŽ।)
II. Match the words in column A with the synonyms given in column B.
(A āĻāĻŖ্āĻĄā§° āϞāĻāϤ B āĻāĻŖ্āĻĄā§° āϞāĻāϤ āϏāĻŽাā§°্āĻĨāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŽিāϞোā§ąা)
A B
reared Work
profit Scanty
task. livestock
cattle bred
meagre gain
Ans: A. B
Reared bred (āϞাāϞāύ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻā§°া)
Profit gain (āϞাāĻ)
Task work (āĻā§°্āĻŽ)
Cattle. livestock (āĻĒোāĻšāύীā§া āĻীā§ą āĻāύ্āϤু)
Meagre scanty (āĻļীā§°্āĻŖ)
III. Find the correct antonyms from the lesson for the words given below :(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিā§াāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻĒাāĻ āĻোā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦিāĻĒā§°ীāϤাā§°্āĻĨāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦাāĻি āĻāϞিāĻā§ąা) easy bad rich public smallest
Ans: easy: difficult (āϏāĻšāĻ:āĻাāύ)
bad: good (āĻŦেā§া:āĻাāϞ)
rich: poor(āϧāύী:āĻĻুāĻীā§া)
public: private(ā§°াāĻāĻšুā§ąা:āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ)
smallest :biggest (āĻ্āώুāĻĻ্ā§°:āĻŦৃāĻšā§)
Word note
Task 1: Find the singular or plural form of the underlined words in each of the following sentences and use them to fill in the blanks.
(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিā§া āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻāĻāĻŦāĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻŦāĻšুāĻŦāĻāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŦাāĻি āĻāϞিāĻā§ąা āĻā§°ু āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§°ে āĻাāϞী āĻ াāĻ āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°া)
1. All leaves are green but this ...is brown. Ans: All leaves are green but this leaf is brown. (āϏāĻāϞোāĻŦোā§° āĻĒাāϤ āϏেāĻāĻীā§া āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ āĻĒাāϤāĻিāϞা āĻŽāĻিā§া)
2. This woman is very talkative but generally... are calm.
Ans: This woman is very talkative but generally women are calm.(āĻāĻ āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻā§°াāĻী āĻŦā§° āĻāĻĨāĻী āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāϤে āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāϏāĻāϞ āĻāĻšীāύ āĻšā§)
3. My second child is at home but all my other ....are at school.
Ans: My second child is at home but all my other children are at school.
(āĻŽোā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীā§āĻো āϞ’ā§°া āĻā§°āϤ āĻāĻে āϝāĻĻিāĻ āĻŦাāĻীāĻেāĻāĻা āϞ’ā§°া-āĻোā§ąাāϞী āϏ্āĻুāϞāϤ āĻāĻে)
4. All the geese are in the pond but this .... is on the land.
Ans: All the geese are in the pond but thid goose is on the land.
(āĻোāĻেāĻ ā§°াāĻāĻšাঁāĻšāĻŦোā§° āĻĒুāĻুā§°ীāϤ āĻāĻে āϝāĻĻিāĻ āĻ āĻāϞ āĻāĻা ā§°াāĻāĻšাঁāĻš āĻšে āĻŽাāĻিāϤ āĻāĻে)
Task 2: Find out as many nouns as possible, which end in 'f and 'fe' and give the plural.
(f āĻā§°ু fe ā§°ে āĻļেāώ āĻšোā§ąা āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻŖāĻŦোā§° āϞিāĻা āĻā§°ু āϤাā§° āĻŦāĻšুāĻŦāĻāύāĻŦোā§° āϞিāĻা)
Ans:
Nouns - Plurals
calf - calves.
elf - elves.
half - halves
loaf - loaves.
ourself - ourselves.
self - selves.
sheaf - sheaves.
Handkerchief - handkerchiefs
Dwarf.- dwarves
II. Expand the following abbreviations.
(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিā§া āϏংāĻ্āώিāĻĒ্āϤ ā§°ূāĻĒā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ ā§°ূāĻĒāϤো āϞিāĻা) B.A. MBBS B.Sc. BVSC M.A. BDS PTA MCA PTO UNO
Ans: B.A. : Bachelor of Arts
MBBS: Medicinae Baccalaureus Baccalaureus Chirurgiae
B. Sc: Bachelor of Science
BVSC: Bachelor of Veterinary Science
M.A.: Masters of Arts
BDS: Bachelor of Dental Surgery
PTA: Parent-Teacher Association
MCA: Master of Computer Applications
PTO: Please Turn Over.
UNO: United Nations Organisation
Read the following passage.
John and Jane went up the hill in order to fetch a pail of water. They brought back a basket full of fruits in addition to water. John fell down on account of the load. In spite of being hurt he managed to reach home before dusk.
(āĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻেāύ āĻĒাāĻšাā§°āϞৈ āĻĒাāύী āĻāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻāϤি āĻāĻšোāϤে āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻāĻĒā§°িāĻ āĻāĻা āĻĢāϞ⧰ āĻুāĻুā§°ি āĻāύিāĻিāϞ। āĻিāύ্āϤ āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻāĻāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāύ āĻŦাāĻā§°ি āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āϏি āĻāĻাāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āĻš’āϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϏāύ্āϧিā§া āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻāĻে āĻāĻে āĻā§° āĻৈ āĻĒাāϞেāĻৈ।)
Task 1: Underline the prespositional phrases in the passage.
(āĻā§াāϤ āĻ āĻŦ্āϝā§āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝাংāĻļ āĻŦিāĻাā§°ি āĻāϞিāĻā§ąা)
Ans: John and Jane went up the hill in order to fetch a pail of water. They brought back a basket of fruits in addition to water. John fell down on account of the load. In spite of being hurt he managed to reach home before dusk.
āĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻেāύ āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻŦাāĻি āĻāĻা āĻāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒাāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϞৈ āĻāĻ ি āĻ’āϞ। āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻāĻĒā§°িāĻ āĻĢāϞ-āĻŽূāϞ⧰ āĻāĻা āĻোāĻĒোāϞা āĻূā§°াāĻ āĻāύিāϞে। āĻŦোāĻাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϝোāĻšāύ āϤāϞāϞৈ āĻĒā§°িāϞ। āĻāĻাāϤ āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āĻĒিāĻāϤো āϏি āĻোāϧূāϞিā§° āĻāĻāϤেāĻ āĻā§° āĻĒাāĻŦāϞৈ āϏāĻ্āώāĻŽ āĻšāϝ়।
Task 2:Using the prespostional phrases answer the following.
(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিā§াāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻ āĻŦ্āϝā§āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝাংāĻļā§°ে āĻāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻিā§া)
a. Why did John and Jane go up the hill?
(āĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻেāύ āĻĒাāĻšাā§°āϞৈ āĻিā§ āĻৈāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: John and Jane go up the hill in order to fetch a pail of water.
(āĻāύ āĻā§°ু āĻেāύ āĻĒাāĻšাā§°āϞৈ āĻĒাāύী āĻāύিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻৈāĻিāϞ।)
b. Did they bring only water?
(āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻেā§ąāϞ āĻĒাāύীā§েāĻ āĻāύিāĻিāϞ āύে?)
Ans: They brought back a basket of fruits in addition to water.
(āϤেāĻঁāϞোāĻে āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻāĻĒā§°িāĻ āĻāĻা āĻĢāϞ⧰ āĻুāĻুā§°া āĻāύিāĻিāϞ)
c. Why did John fall down?
(āĻāύ āĻিā§ āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ?)
Ans: John fall down on account of the load.
(āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻāĻāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāύ āĻŦাāĻā§°ি āĻĒā§°িāĻিāϞ)
d. Complete the sentence "... ... being hurt he managed to reach home".
(āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°া.."... āϏি āĻāĻাāϤāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āĻš’āϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϏāύ্āϧিā§া āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻāĻে āĻāĻে āĻā§° āĻৈ āĻĒাāϞেāĻৈ।)
Ans: In sipte of being hurt he managed to reach home.
Task 3: Use appropriate prepositional phrases and complete the following sentences.
(āĻāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻ āĻŦ্āϝā§েā§°ে āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻিā§া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻā§°া)
1. He did not do his home work, ... avoid punishment he applied for leave .
Ans: He did not do his home work, in order to avoid punishment he applied for leave.
(āϏি āύিāĻā§° āĻৃāĻšāĻাā§°্āϝ āύāĻā§°িāϞে āĻā§°ু āϏেāĻāĻŦাāĻŦে āĻļাāϏ্āϤিā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻšাāϤ āϏাā§°িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻুāĻী āĻŦিāĻাā§°িāϞে)
2. his illness, he played well and won the match.
Ans: In spite of his illness, he played well and won the match.
(āϤাā§° āĻ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাā§° āĻĒাāĻāϤো āϏি āĻাāϞāĻĻā§°ে āĻেāϞিāϞে āĻā§°ু āĻā§ী āĻš’āϞ)
3. the bronze medal, Anju George received several cash awards
Ans: In addition to the bronze medal, Anju George received several cash awards.
(āĻ āύ্āĻু āĻā§°্āĻে āĻŦ্ā§°āĻŖ্āĻā§° āĻŽেāĻĄেāϞ āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āϞāĻāϤে āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āĻŽাāύāύিāĻ āϞাāĻ āĻā§°িāϞে)
Word meaning:
Feeding- āĻুā§ąাāĻ āĻĻিā§া।
Frothy- āĻĢেāύāϝুāĻ্āϤ।
Plump- āĻĄাāĻ ।
Cheeks- āĻাāϞ।
Curious- āĻৌāϤূāĻšāϞী।
Author- āϞেāĻāĻ।
Mostly- āĻ āϧিāĻাংāĻļāĻাā§ąে।
Reared- āϞাāϞāύ-āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻā§°া।
Plight- āĻĻুāĻĻā§°্āĻļা।
Iron- āϞো।
Determined- āύিā§°ূāĻĒিāϤ।
Prosperity- āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧি।
Organize- āĻā§োāĻāύ āĻā§°া।
Co-operative- āϏāĻŽāĻŦাā§।
Provide- āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āĻā§°া।
Steady- āϏ্āĻĨিā§°।
Source- āĻāϤ্āϏ।
Task- āĻাā§°্āϝ।
Assign- āύিāϝুāĻ্āϤি āĻā§°া।
Disorganised- āĻ āϏংāĻāĻ িāϤ।
Dairy- āĻĻুāĻ্āϧāĻাāϤ।
Effort- āĻেāώ্āĻা।
Eliminate- āύিāώ্āĻাāĻļāύ।
Harass- āĻšাā§°াāĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻā§°া।
Exploit- āĻļোāώāĻŖ।
Ignorant- āĻ āĻ্āĻাāύ।
Compete- āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϝোāĻিāϤা।
Kind-āĻĻā§াāϞু।
Ambitious- āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻাংāĻ্āώা āĻĨāĻা।
Institute- āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ।
Sought- āϏāύ্āϧাāύāϤ āĻĨāĻা।
Clever- āĻেāĻā§°।
Processing- āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ্ā§°িā§াāĻā§°āĻŖ।
Trace- āĻĻাāĻ।
Incessantly- āĻ āĻŦিā§°āϤāĻাā§ąে।
Expand- āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°া।
Relentless- āĻ āĻĻāĻŽ্āϝ।
Dream- āϏāĻĒোāύ।
Distinction- āĻĒাā§°্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ।
Existence- āĻ āϏ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦ।
Producer- āĻĒ্ā§°āϝোāĻāĻ।
Appreciate- āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļংāϏা āĻā§°া।
Spirtit- āĻāϤ্āĻŽা।
Addition- āϝোāĻ।
Acquiring- āĻ āϧিāĻ্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°া।
Introduce- āĻিāύাāĻি āĻā§°োā§ąা।
Various- āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ।
Reforms- āϏংāϏ্āĻাā§°.
Administration- āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļাāϏāύ।
Distribute- āĻŦিāϤ⧰āĻŖ āĻā§°া।
Profit- āϞাāĻ।
Dividend- āϞāĻ্āϝাংāĻļ।
Rural- āĻ্ā§°াāĻŽ্āϝ।
Considerably- āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖে।
Owns- āĻŽাāϞিāĻ।
Flood- āĻŦাāύāĻĒাāύী।
Architect- āϏ্āĻĨāĻĒāϤিāĻŦিāĻĻ।
Revolution- āĻŦিāĻĒ্āĻ˛ā§ą।
Honoured- āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύিāϤ।
Achievement- āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤি।
Prestigious- āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ।
Cheerful- āĻšাঁāĻšিāĻŽুāĻীā§া।
Word meaning by- Punya Hazarika.
Check by - Mukesh Borah
Himadri Borah
(M.A in Hindi)