LESSON 2 

BAL GANGADHAR TILAK, Father of Indian National     Movement

   


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WORKING WITH THE T

1. Here are some facts from Tilak's Life. Arrange them in chronologiceal order.

(āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āϜীā§ąāύ⧰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻĻি⧟া āφāĻ›ে৷āϏেāχāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻāĻ•াāĻĻিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽে āϏāϜোā§ąা)

Ans: e) Tilak was born. (āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)

g) Tilak's father was transferred to Pune.(āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āĻĻেāωāϤাāϕ⧰ āĻĒুāĻŖেāϞৈ āϏ্āĻĨাāύাāύ্āϤ⧰ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)

b)  He lost his father.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ•āĻ• āĻšেā§°ুā§ąাāχāĻ›িāϞ)

k) He passed his matriculation.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°িāĻ• āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

c) He started teaching Mathematics in a private school.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒ্ā§°াāχāĻ­েāϟ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞāϤ āĻ—āĻŖিāϤ āĻĒā§োā§ąা āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

f ) He became a jounalist. (āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāϜāύ āϏাংāĻŦাāĻĻিāĻ• āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)

I) He organised Deccan Education Society. (āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĄেāĻ•্āĻ•াāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

a ) Tilak joined Indian National Congress.(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āĻ•ংāĻ—্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āϝোāĻ—āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

i)  He was sentenced to imprisonment for one and a half year. (āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻĄেā§° āĻŦāϛ⧰⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াā§°াāĻŦাāϏ āĻ–াāϟিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒāĻ োā§ąা āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)

d) He was arrested on the charges of sedition. (āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻšী āĻŦুāϞি āĻ—্ā§°েāĻĒ্āϤাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)

j) He decided to build an organisation called 'Home Rule League. (āϤেāĻ“ঁ 'āĻš’āĻŽ ā§°ুāϞ āϞীāĻ—' āύাāĻŽā§° āϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāϟো āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

h) Tilak breathed his last. (āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻļেāώ āύিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āϤ্āϝাāĻ— āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


2. Make two words each with the given root words: (āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻŽূāϞ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻĻুāϟা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϞিāĻ–া)

Ans: a. Nation:  nationalist, national

b. True: truth, trust

c. Respect: respectful, respective

d. Prison: prisoner, prisoned

e. Final: Finalist, final-match


3.Given below are some qualities of Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Write a  sentence to explain each quality. 

(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟াāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—ুāĻŖā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻĻি⧟া āφāĻ›ে৷ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝেāϕ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻšোā§ąাāĻ•ৈ āĻāϟাāĻ•ৈ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া)

Ans:  a. Brilliant : Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a brilliant mathematician. (āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻāϜāύ āϏুāĻĻāĻ•্āώ āĻ—āĻŖিāϤāϜ্āĻž āφāĻ›িāϞ)

b. Determined : Tilak was determined to work for Indian people.(āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻšāĻ•ে āĻ•াāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϏংāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āφāĻ›িāϞ)

c. Diligent :Tilak was a dilegent social worker (āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻāϜāύ āĻ­াāϞ āϏāĻŽাāϜāϏেā§ąāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ)

d. Patient : Tilak lost his patience after watching the plight of Indian people in British hand.(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ›āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻšাāϤāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻ•āώ্āϟ āĻĻেāĻ–ি āϧৈā§°্āϝ্āϝ āĻšেā§°ুā§ąাāχāĻ›িāϞ)

e. Judicious: Tilak judiciously published articles about the condition of India in his newspaper.(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āύ্āϝা⧟āϏংāĻ—āϤāĻ­াā§ąে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŦাāϤ⧰িāĻ•াāĻ•āϤāϤ āϞেāĻ–া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

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COMPREHENSION

4. Answer the following question: (āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻি⧟া)

a. Where was Bal Gangadhar Tilak born? (āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻ•’āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.

(āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ ā§°āϤ্āύāĻ—িā§°ি,āĻŽāĻšাā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


b. What kind of a student was Bal Gangadhar Tilak? (āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻ•েāύেāϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻ›াāϤ্ā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a brilliant student and he was very good at mathematics. 

(āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻāϜāύ āϚোāĻ•া āĻ›াāϤ্ā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ—āĻŖিāϤāϤ āĻĒাāĻ•ৈāϤ āφāĻ›িāϞ)


c. When did Bal Gangadhar Tilak passed his matriculation? (āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°িāĻ•ুāϞেāϚāύ āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Bal Gangadhar Tilak passed his matriculation in the year 1872.

(āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ•ে 1872 āϚāύāϤ āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°িāĻ•ুāϞেāϚāύ āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


d. How according to Tilak, can good citizens be mouleded? (āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āĻŽāϤে āĻ­াāϞ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ• āĻ•িāĻĻā§°ে āĻ—ā§œি āϤুāϞিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি?)

Ans: According to Tilak good citizens can be moulded only through good education. 

(āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āĻŽāϤে āĻ­াāϞ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āϜ⧰ি⧟āϤে āĻ­াāϞ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ• āĻ—ā§ি āϤুāϞিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি)


e. Who organized the Deccan Education Society? (āĻĄেāĻ•্āĻ•াāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ•োāύে āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

Ans: The Deccan Education Society was organized by Bal Gangadhar Tilak. 

(āĻĄেāĻ•্āĻ•াāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽাāϜ  āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


f. Why was it set up? (āĻ‡ā§ŸাāĻ• āĻ•ি⧟ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: The Deccan Education Society was set up to create a new system to teach young Indians nationalist ideas through an emphasis on Indian culture.

(āĻ‡ā§ŸাāĻ• āύāϤুāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϜāύ্āĻŽā§° āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟āϤাāĻŦাāĻĻীāϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


g. Who established Fergusson College and when? (āĻĢাā§°্āĻ—াāϚāύ āĻ•āϞেāϜ āĻ•োāύে āφ⧰ু āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Deccan Education Society established Fergusson College in 1885.

(āĻĢাā§°্āĻ—াāϚāύ āĻ•āϞেāϜ āĻĄেāĻ•্āĻ•াāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽাāϜে 1885 āϚāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


h. Name two weeklies started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak? (āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻĒā§°া āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāϕ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া)

Ans: Two weeklies started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak are ''Kesari' and 'Mahratta'.

(āĻŦাāϞ āĻ—ংāĻ—াāϧ⧰ āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻĒā§°া āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāϕ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻš’āϞ āĻ•েāĻļā§°ী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻšā§°াāϤ্āϤা)


i. When did Tilak join the Indian National Congress? (āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āĻ•ংāĻ—্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āϝোāĻ—āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Tilak join the Indian National Congress in 1890.

(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে 1890 āϚāύāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āĻ•ংāĻ—্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āϝোāĻ—āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


j. When did British colonial authorities call Tilak "Father of the Indian Unrest"? (āĻŦ্ā§°িāϟিāĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ āϕ⧰্āϤৃāĻĒāĻ•্āώāχ āϤিāϞāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: He was the first leader of Indian Independence Movement. After it British colonial authorities called Tilak "Father of the Indian Unrest".

(āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϏ্ā§ąাāϧীāύāϤা āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āύেāϤা āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤাā§° āĻĒাāϛ⧰ āĻĒā§°াāχ āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϟিāĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ āϕ⧰্āϤৃāĻĒāĻ•্āώāχ āϤিāϞāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ)


k. How did Tilak spend his time in prison in Mandalay? (āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄাāϞা⧟āϤ āĻ•াā§°াāĻ—ā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ›োā§ąা āĻ•েāύেāĻĻā§°ে āĻĒাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Tilak spent his time in prison in Mandalay by reading and writing.

(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻŽাāĻŖ্āĻĄাāϞা⧟āϤ āĻ•াā§°াāĻ—ā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻ•া āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ›োā§ąা āĻĒā§া āϞিāĻ–া āϕ⧰ি āĻĒাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


l. What does the word lokamanya mean? (āϞোāĻ•āĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻ•ি?)

Ans: Lokamanya means "accepted by people(as their leader)".

(āϞোāĻ•āĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻš’āϞ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া (āύেāϤা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে) āϏāĻŽā§°্āĻĨিāϤ)


m. When did Tilak breathe his last? (āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻļেāώ āύিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Tilak breathe his last in August 1,1920.

 (āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āφāĻ—āώ্āϟ⧰ 1 āϤাā§°িāĻ– 1920 āϚāύāϤ āĻļেāώ āύিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


COMPOSITION

5. Answer the following question in about 75-100 words : (75-100 āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻā§° āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āϞিāĻ–া)


a. Narrate what Tilak did to improve the quality of education for the youth of India. (āύāϤুāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϜāύ্āĻŽā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŽাāύāĻĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āωāύ্āύāϤিā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ•ি āĻ•ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Tilak was a devoted social activist. First Tilak organised the Deccan Education Society with a few of his classmates. Their goal was to improve the quality of education for India's youth. The Deccan Education Society was set up to create a new system to teach young Indians nationalist ideas through an emphasis on Indian culture. The Society established the New English School for Secondary education and Fergusson College in 1885 for post Secondary studies.

(āϤিāϞāĻ• āĻāϜāύ āϏāĻŽাāϜāϏেā§ąāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽে āĻ•েāχāϜāύāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻšāĻĒাāĻ ীā§° āϏৈāϤে āϞāĻ— āϞাāĻ—ি āĻĄেāĻ•্āĻ•াāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āχāϝাā§° āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āύāϤুāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϜāύ্āĻŽā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŽাāύāĻĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āωāύ্āύāϤি āϕ⧰া৷āĻāχ āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻ–āύ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻাāύ⧰ āϜ⧰ি⧟āϤে āϜাāϤী⧟āϤাāĻŦাāĻĻী āĻŽāύোāĻ­াā§ą āϜাāĻ—ৃāϤ āϕ⧰া৷ āĻāχ āϏāĻŽাāϜে āωāϚ্āϚāĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĢাā§°্āĻ—াāϚāύ āĻ•āϞেāϜ⧰ 1885 āϚāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


b. Give a brief account of Tilak's contribution towards India's independent movement. (āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āϤিāϞāϕ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāĻĻাāύ⧰ āϚāĻŽু āĻŦিā§ąā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāϝ়āĻ•

Ans: Tilak started two weeklies 'Kesari' and 'Mahratta.' 'Kesari' was a Marathi weekly while 'Mahratta' was an English weekly. Soon both the newspapers became very popular. In his newspapers, Tilak highlightedthe plight of Indians. He gave a vivid picture of the people's sufferings and of actual happenings. He called upon every Indian to fight for his right. He used fiery language to arouse the passion of sleeping Indians. He joined the Indian National Congress in 1890. He was the first leader of the Indian independence movement. Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of 'Swaraj' (Self-rule) and a strong radical in Indian consciousness.

In 1897,Tilak was charged with writing articles instigating people to rise against the government and to break the law and dislurb the peace.  He was  sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for one and a half year. After his release in 1898, Tilak launched Swadeshi Movement. Through newspaper and lectures, Tilak spread the message to each and every village in Maharastra.

Tilak was arrested on the charges of sedition in 1906, and was imprisoned for six years in Mandalay. After coming out from the jail In 1916 Tilak decided to build a separate organisation called the 'Home Rule League .Its  goal was Swaraj. He went from village to village and explained the airn of his league to the farmers and won the ir hearts. He travelled constantly in order to organize  the people. Thus he worked towards India's independence movement till his last breath.


(āϤিāϞāĻ•ে āĻ•েāĻļā§°ী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻšā§°াāϤ্āϤা āύাāĻŽā§° āĻĻুāĻ–āύ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāϕ⧰ āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āĻ•েāĻļā§°ী āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŽাā§°াāĻ ী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻšā§°াāϤ্āϤা āĻāĻ–āύ āχংā§°াāϜী āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ৷ āĻĻু⧟োāĻ–āύ āĻŦাāϤ⧰িāĻ•াāĻ•āϤে āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āϜāύāĻĒ্ā§°ি⧟āϤা āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŦাāϤ⧰িāĻ•াāĻ•āϤāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻĻুāĻ– āĻĻুā§°্āĻĻāĻļাā§° āĻ•āĻĨা āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§°  āĻĻুāĻ– āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦিāϤংāĻ•ৈ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝেāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟āĻ•ে āύিāϜ⧰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻšāĻ•ে āĻŽাāϤ āĻŽাāϤিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻļিāĻ•াāχāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāĻĻ্ā§°াā§°āϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜāύāϤাāĻ• āϜāĻ—াāĻŦāϞৈ āϤীāĻ•্āώ্āĻŖ āĻ­াāώাā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤিāϞāĻ•ে 1890 āϚāύāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āĻ•ংāĻ—্ā§°েāĻ›āϤ āϝোāĻ—āĻĻাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āύেāϤা āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤিāϞāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦā§°াāϜ⧰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āϏāĻŽā§°্āĻĨāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āĻŦিāϚাā§°āϧাā§°াāϤ āύāϤুāύ āϚিāύ্āϤাā§° āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŖি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷


1897 āϚāύāϤ āϤিāϞāĻ•āĻ• āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāĻ• āωংāϏাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āφ⧰ু āφāχāύ āφ⧰ু āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻ­ংāĻ—ā§°  āĻ…āĻ­িāϝোāĻ—āϤ āĻ—্ā§°েāĻĒ্āϤাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āϏেāχāĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĄেā§°āĻŦāϛ⧰⧰ āĻ•াā§°াāĻĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦিāĻšা āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ৷1898 āϚāύāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĻেāĻļী āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ⧰ āĻ…āύāϏুāϚāύা āϕ⧰ে৷āĻŦাāϤ⧰িāĻ•াāĻ•āϤ āφ⧰ু āĻŦāĻ•্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ⧰ āϝোāĻ—েā§°ে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāχ āĻ–āĻŦā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāϞৈāĻ•ে āĻŦি⧟āĻĒোā§ąাā§° āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷


1906 āϚāύāϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻĒুāύ⧰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ—্ā§°েāĻĒ্āϤাā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻš’āĻš ā§°ুāϞ āϞীāĻ— āύাāĻŽেā§°ে āĻāϟা āĻ…āύ্āϝ āϏংāĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ—ā§াā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āφāĻ›িāϞ āϏ্āĻŦā§°াāϜ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϜāύাāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ—াā§ąেঁ āĻ—াā§ąেঁ āϘূā§°িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āχ āĻ•ৃāώāĻ•āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŽāύ āϚুāχ āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏāĻ•āϞোāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āĻ—োāϟ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āωāĻ ি āĻĒā§°ি āϞাāĻ—িāĻ›িāϞ৷āĻāύেāĻĻā§°েāχ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুā§° āφāĻ—āĻŽুāĻšূā§°্āϤāϞৈāĻ•ে āϏ্ā§ąাāϧীāύāϤাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


GRAMMAR AND USAGE

6. Match these words to make compound words: (āϤāϞ⧰ āϏāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŽিāϞাāχ āϝৌāĻ—িāĻ• āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦāύোā§ąা)


Ans:

1.Table --  Cloth

2. Pick --  pocket

3. Class -- mate

.Dining-- room

5. Moon-- light

6. Witch-- craft

7. Business-- man

8. Break-- fast

9. Shoe-- maker

10. Over-- take.


7. Write Sentences to illustrate the difference in the meaning of the following homonyms : (āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻ…āύুā§°ূāĻĒ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļ āĻšোā§ąাāĻ•ৈ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ ā§°āϚāύা āϕ⧰া)


Ans:

a) Cite (āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া): He cited the example of a biblical story.(āϏি āĻāϟা āĻŦাāχāĻŦেāϞ⧰ āϏাāϧুā§° āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰িāϞে)

 Site (āĻ াāχ) : Sivasagar has many historical sites.(āĻļিā§ąāϏাāĻ—ā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšুāϤো āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻ াāχ āφāĻ›ে)

b) Council (āϏāĻ­া): Ashoka summoned the Third Buddhist Council.(āĻ…āĻļোāĻ•ে āϤৃāϤী⧟āĻ–āύ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧ āϏāĻ­াā§° āĻ†ā§ŸোāϜāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)

Counsel (āφāϞোāϚāύা āϕ⧰া): She needs a good psychological counselling.(āϤাāχāĻ• āĻāϟা āĻ­াāϞ āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏাā§° āφāϞোāϚāύাā§° āĻĒ্⧰⧟োāϜāύ āφāĻ›ে)

c) Defy (āĻ…āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤি): I defy him in this opinion.(āĻāχ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻŽāχ āϤাā§° āϞāĻ—āϤ āϏāύ্āĻŽāϤ āύāĻšā§Ÿ)

deify(āĻĻেā§ąāϤাāϤুāϞ্āϝ): He deified the doctor for saving his life.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏāĻ•āϜāύāĻ• āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϜীā§ąāύ ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰াā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĻেā§ąāϤুāϞ্āϝ āĻ­াā§ąে āϧāύ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϞে)

d) Eligible (āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ): Only adults are eligible for the vaccine. (āĻ­েāĻ•্āϏিāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤāĻŦ⧟āϏ্āĻ• āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻšে āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ)

 illegible (āĻ…āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ): Don't write the letter in such illegible handwriting.(āϚিāĻ িāĻ–āύ āχāĻŽাāύ āĻ…āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āφāĻ–ā§°েā§°ে āύিāϞিāĻ–িāĻŦা)

e) Human (āĻŽাāύুāĻš): Human are told to be supreme of all animals.(āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻ• āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšā§Ÿ)

 humane (āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąী⧟) :Helping the poors is a very humane behavior.(āĻĻুāĻ–ী⧟াāĻ• āϏāĻšা⧟ āϕ⧰াāϟো āĻāϟা āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąী⧟āϤা)

f) Loose (āĻĸিāϞা āϕ⧰া): This pant is quite loose to wear.(āĻāχ āĻĒেāύ্āϟāϟো āĻĒিāύ্āϧিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĸিāϞা)

lose (āĻšেā§°ুā§ąা) : His demise is a heavy lose for our nation.(āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāĻ• āĻ…āĻĒূā§°āĻŖী⧟ āĻ•্āώāϤি)

g) Jealous (āψ⧰্āώা): Don't get jealous by other's success.(āφāύ⧰ āϏāĻĢāϞāϤাāϤ āψ⧰্āώা āύāϕ⧰িāĻŦা)

 Zealous (ā§°āĻ™ি⧟াāϞ): She us the most zealous woman of the group.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻāϞāϟোā§° āϏāĻ•āϞোāϤāĻ•ৈ ā§°āĻ™ি⧟াāϞ āĻŽāĻšিāϞা)


8. Rewrite the Sentences below changing the verbs in brackets into the passive form: (āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϕ⧰্āϤৃāĻŦাāϚ্āϝ āϞৈ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āϕ⧰া)


a. The soldier (kill) in the last battle.

Ans: The soldier was killed in the last battle.(āϏৈāύিāĻ•āϜāύ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧāϤ āύিāĻšāϤ āĻš’āϞ)


b. A Book Fair (hold) in our town last month.

Ans: A Book Fair was held in our town last month. (āφāĻŽাā§° āύāĻ—ā§°āϤ āϝোā§ąাāĻŽাāĻšāϤ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ—্ā§°āύ্āĻĨāĻŽেāϞা āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ িāϤ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


c. Gramophone (invent) by Thomas Alva Edison.

Ans: Gramophone was invented by Thomas Alva Edision. (āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽোāĻĢোāύ āĻĨāĻŽাāĻ› āφāϞāĻ­া āĻāĻĄিāĻ›āύ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻ†ā§ąিāώ্āĻ•াā§° āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


d. Many battles (fight) by Akbar the Great.

Ans: Many battles had been fought by Akbar the Great.(āφāĻ•āĻŦā§°ে āĻ•েāχāĻŦাāĻ–āύো āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


e. Hamlet (write) by Shakespeare.

Ans: Hamlet was wriiten by Shakespeare.(āĻšেāĻŽāϞāϟ āĻļ্āĻŦেāχāĻ•āĻ›āĻĒী⧟েā§°ā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āϞিāĻ–া āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


f. A happy dream (dream) by him last night.

Ans: A happy dream was dreamt by him last night. (āϝোā§ąা ā§°াāϤি āϤাā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻāϟা āϧুāύী⧟া āϏāĻĒোāύ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ—ৈāĻ›িāϞ)


9. Fill in the blanks with suitable conjunction. (āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝ⧟েā§°ে āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχ āĻĒূā§° āϕ⧰া)


Ans: i) Ramen is diligent but his brother is idle.(ā§°āĻŽেāύ āĻĒā§°িāĻļ্ā§°āĻŽী āĻ•িāύ্āϤ āϤাā§° āĻ­া⧟েāĻ• āĻāϞেāĻšুā§ąা)

ii) I want a pen with a piece of paper. (āĻŽোāĻ• āĻāϟা āĻ•āϞāĻŽā§° āϞāĻ—āϤে āĻāϟুāĻ•ুā§°া āĻ•াāĻ—āϜো āϞাāĻ—ে)

iii) The bag is either lost or stolen. (āĻŦেāĻ—āϤো āĻšā§ŸāϤো āĻšেā§°াāχāĻ›ে āύāĻš’āϞে āϚুā§°ি āĻšৈāĻ›ে)

iv) God made the country and man made the town. (āĻ­āĻ—ā§ąাāύে āĻĻেāĻļ āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāϞে āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āύāĻ—ā§°)

v) We shall stay here till you return. (āφāĻŽি āϤুāĻŽি āωāĻ­āϤি āĻ…āĻšাāϞৈāĻ•ে āχাāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•িāĻŽ)

vi) Amal lost the race though he ran very fast. (āφāĻŽোāϞে āĻŦেāĻ—াāχ āĻĻৌā§°িāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϝোāĻ—িāϤাāϤ āĻšাā§°িāϞে)

vii) She feels tired; give her a cup of tea or a glass of milk.(āϤাāχ āĻŦā§° āĻ­াāĻ—ā§°ুā§ąা āĻ…āύুāĻ­ā§ą āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে৷āϤাāχāĻ• āĻāĻ•াāĻĒ āϚাāĻš āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻāĻ—িāϞাāϚ āĻ—াāĻ–ীā§° āĻĻি⧟া)


1O. Fill in the blanks· with suitable correlative conjunction : (āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ–াāϞীāĻ াāχāϏāĻŽূāĻš āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āϏংāϝোāĻ—ী āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝ⧟েā§°ে āĻĒূā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰া)

i) She can neither read nor write .(āϤাāχ āĻĒā§িāĻŦāĻ“ āύাāϜাāύে āϞিāĻ–িāĻŦāĻ“ āύাāϜাāύে)

ii) Neither a lender nor a borrower be. (āϧ⧰ুā§ąা āĻŦা āϧাā§°āϞৈ āĻĻিāϝা āĻāĻ•োā§ąেāχ āύāϕ⧰িāĻŦা)

iii) I don't care whether you go or stay. (āĻŽāχ āϤুāĻŽি āϝোā§ąা āύে āĻĨাāĻ•া āĻāĻ•ো āĻŦে⧟া āύাāĻĒাāĻ“)

iii) Both John and his sister read in this School. (āϜāύ āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻ­āύী⧟েāĻ• āĻĻু⧟ো āĻāχ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞāĻ–āύāϤে āĻĒā§ে)

v) Though he is poor,but he is honest. (āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻুāĻ–ী⧟া āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ¸ā§Ž)

vi) He is not only intelligent but also diligent.(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧি⧟āĻ•েāχ āύāĻšā§Ÿ āĻĒā§°িāĻļ্ā§°āĻŽীāĻ“)

 

(M.A in English)

CHECK BY - Mukesh Borah



Post ID : DABP005951