CHAPTER 14: BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES
EXERCISES
1. Define vital capacity. What is its significance?
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2. State the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breathing.
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3. Diffusion of gases occurs in the alveolar region only and not in the other parts of
respiratory system. Why?
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4. What are the major transport mechanisms for CO2? Explain.
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5. What will be the pO2 and pCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to those in the
alveolar air ?
(i) pO2 lesser, pCO2 higher
(ii) pO2 higher, pCO2 lesser
(iii) pO2 higher, pCO2 higher
(iv) pO2 lesser, pCO2 lesser
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6. Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.
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7. How is respiration regulated?
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8. What is the effect of pCO2 on oxygen transport?
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9. What happens to the respiratory process in a man going up a hill?
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10. What is the site of gaseous exchange in an insect?
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11. Define oxygen dissociation curve. Can you suggest any reason for its sigmoidal
pattern?
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12. Have you heard about hypoxia? Try to gather information about it, and discuss
with your friends.
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13. Distinguish between
(a) IRV and ERV
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(b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity.
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(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity.
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14. What is Tidal volume? Find out the Tidal volume (approximate value) for a healthy
human in an hour.
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